The story of Bleeding Kansas completely shaped the Civil War and America's entire history.
Join us for a story that involves a senate floor caning, a stolen election, the Missouri Mormon War, banditry, the Black Hebrew Israelite movement, and cities being burned. And the Christian missionaries that stood up to them.
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00:00 --> 00:03 [UNKNOWN]: Revived thoughts is a production of Revived Studios.
00:18 --> 00:24 [UNKNOWN]: This is Troy and I am excited to bring this deep dive to you right now.
00:24 --> 00:26 [UNKNOWN]: It has been a while.
00:26 --> 00:32 [UNKNOWN]: Every deep dive takes a while to create and this one was no different.
00:32 --> 00:34 [UNKNOWN]: And I think I say this every single time we do a deep dive.
00:34 --> 00:38 [UNKNOWN]: I always say, I thought this was going to be a pretty easy, simple story.
00:39 --> 00:41 [UNKNOWN]: and then it turned into something completely different.
00:42 --> 00:45 [UNKNOWN]: And this is no, this is a no different than all the others.
00:45 --> 00:47 [UNKNOWN]: I thought this would be a very simple story.
00:48 --> 00:54 [UNKNOWN]: I am about to share a story with you, and it took so many twists and so many turns and went so many places I was not expecting.
00:54 --> 01:05 [UNKNOWN]: Pieces of History, I thought I knew that I was actually completely unfamiliar with, mixed in with some stories that I didn't know, but I learned them the wrong way as many of us often do when it comes to history.
01:06 --> 01:24 [UNKNOWN]: What I thought was going to be a story about slavery and how Christians ended up on different side of the same issue became a story about a piece of land that was in the crossroads of history and it is not an overstatement to say everything would have been different if just a few things had changed.
01:25 --> 01:40 [UNKNOWN]: We have cults, we have rebellions, we have violence, we have stolen elections, we have wars, all over a particularly flat and forgotten piece of land, today and not forgotten completely people live in Kansas, people live in Missouri, but certainly
01:41 --> 01:48 [UNKNOWN]: It doesn't carry the same levels of implications that it was carrying in the 1850s, 1840s in the Civil War.
01:48 --> 01:58 [UNKNOWN]: And once again, a simple concept I learned became so much more complicated, so much more confusing, and so much more full of these larger-than-life characters, these people who
01:59 --> 02:00 [UNKNOWN]: how do you describe them?
02:00 --> 02:02 [UNKNOWN]: How do you even begin to explain their lives?
02:03 --> 02:11 [UNKNOWN]: And I see that the consequences of what happened on this piece of land almost 200 years ago are very much present with us today.
02:11 --> 02:16 [UNKNOWN]: We are living in a world that was shaped by an event that most people have spent
02:20 --> 02:48 [UNKNOWN]: It is crazy to me how these every time I do one of these I find out so much of my life It's been crafted by people I've never heard of and What seems like such a simple idea is actually so very complex, but if I can just kind of what the thesis became Originally what I thought it was what I originally I was just like how can two Christians see the same issue Slavery and be unbelievable the opposite sides of it while still thinking about their Christian But it became something different and one of the big questions that it became was
02:49 --> 02:53 [UNKNOWN]: Can moving to a place be an act of missionary work?
02:54 --> 02:57 [UNKNOWN]: And can that place kind of still be in your own country?
02:57 --> 02:59 [UNKNOWN]: And that may sound like a simple question.
02:59 --> 03:07 [UNKNOWN]: But when you read what these missionaries and these people being called missionaries were doing, it is a very unique time period, a very unique type of missionary.
03:07 --> 03:09 [UNKNOWN]: And of course, you're like, well, missionaries always move.
03:09 --> 03:13 [UNKNOWN]: Yeah, but usually they move out of their home country and out of their host culture.
03:14 --> 03:15 [UNKNOWN]: These people are moving.
03:16 --> 03:17 [UNKNOWN]: to a very unique circumstance.
03:17 --> 03:19 [UNKNOWN]: I don't think there's anything quite like what they move to.
03:20 --> 03:21 [UNKNOWN]: And yet, we're going to look at that.
03:21 --> 03:25 [UNKNOWN]: We're going to look at all of these other pieces and I'm very excited.
03:25 --> 03:32 [UNKNOWN]: So let me go ahead and get started then and not waste any more time talking about what we're going to look at, but just start looking at it itself.
03:32 --> 03:38 [UNKNOWN]: In America in the 19th century, the issue of slavery was heating up across the United States and note everyone knows this.
03:39 --> 03:57 [UNKNOWN]: Many of the pastors from America that we've had on our revive thoughts from this era have had their impact or influence directly tied to their thoughts on this one issue of slavery, you know, seminaries have pulled down the statues of their founding fathers or renamed the halls because of their view point on this one issue of slavery.
03:57 --> 04:04 [UNKNOWN]: But one of the strangest and most often overlooked cases is found in what we call bleeding cancers.
04:05 --> 04:21 [UNKNOWN]: As a story that I remember, I have taught history classes and I have remember sitting in history class and it's kind of like a one single paragraph thing you say leading into the Civil War and I also have lived in Kansas City, Joel currently lives over in Kansas City.
04:22 --> 04:26 [UNKNOWN]: And I remember that there are civil warped about all memorials around Kansas City.
04:27 --> 04:29 [UNKNOWN]: And I remember the first time I read them.
04:29 --> 04:32 [UNKNOWN]: I lived in grew up in Florida in the United States.
04:33 --> 04:38 [UNKNOWN]: But I have lived in different, I've visited the Civil War places around the South because my family
04:39 --> 04:41 [UNKNOWN]: I'm a grandparents on one side.
04:41 --> 04:42 [UNKNOWN]: They're their in Tennessee.
04:42 --> 04:49 [UNKNOWN]: So we would see all these civil and when you go to civil or battlefields in Tennessee, thousands of people are died.
04:49 --> 04:53 [UNKNOWN]: This corner died in that corner and it's a crazy thing to see.
04:53 --> 04:55 [UNKNOWN]: These little forests were all these people thought and died.
04:56 --> 05:04 [UNKNOWN]: And so when I got to Kansas City instead of reading the memorials there at a park, I remember it was like five people thought on this hill against Confederates and scared away
05:09 --> 05:13 [UNKNOWN]: Okay, technically, that is, I guess, a battle.
05:13 --> 05:16 [UNKNOWN]: It technically is a part of the Civil War, I suppose.
05:17 --> 05:30 [UNKNOWN]: And it's, of course, sad if I people die fighting in a battle, but compared to the thousands that died in the traditional Southern Civil War battlefields, that it's hard to feel, like that is quite a sad in the same.
05:31 --> 05:36 [UNKNOWN]: It kind of felt to me like Kansas and Missouri, we're just trying to get their names in the books too, right?
05:36 --> 05:57 [UNKNOWN]: Like hey, we were a part of this, you know, yeah, yeah, you were, you were Kansas and Missouri, but Were you really like the little kid brother trying to explain how he got mama a Christmas present just like his older siblings Because he colored part of the picture that was on the card they gave him that's kind of a vibe Sorry, Kansas and Missouri, but it felt like you guys were trying to take to be a part of something
05:57 --> 05:59 [UNKNOWN]: that you weren't necessarily a part of.
05:59 --> 06:04 [UNKNOWN]: That was the impression I got when I looked at the Civil War battle memorials across Kansas City.
06:04 --> 06:10 [UNKNOWN]: When I heard Kansas City talk about being a part of that in the border war, it just felt like they weren't there.
06:10 --> 06:16 [UNKNOWN]: Now, by the way, from my overseas listeners for people who don't live in the United States, or maybe aren't super familiar at the United States geography,
06:17 --> 06:22 [UNKNOWN]: If you look at the traditional map, the continent of the United States, in your head, I know the United States is a lot of continent.
06:22 --> 06:24 [UNKNOWN]: But look at the continent of the United States for now, including Alaska and Hawaii.
06:25 --> 06:34 [UNKNOWN]: If you take your finger and you poke the smack dab middle of that map, that is about you're probably finger is pretty close to where Kansas City and Kansas and Missouri meet.
06:35 --> 06:38 [UNKNOWN]: the area of the United States were talking about where these events happened.
06:38 --> 06:46 [UNKNOWN]: So it'll give you a little bit of an idea, hopefully there were all of this stuff that's happening this because you would be forgiven if you don't remember Kansas.
06:46 --> 06:49 [UNKNOWN]: It is often forgotten in the grand scheme of things.
06:49 --> 06:52 [UNKNOWN]: I'm not even sure if I actually named this episode Bleeding Kansas.
06:52 --> 06:57 [UNKNOWN]: My notes is called Bleeding Kansas, but I didn't want to put the name Bleeding Kansas on it because no offense is something about it.
06:57 --> 07:00 [UNKNOWN]: I'm still starting my friends from Kansas who are listening, but there is something
07:03 --> 07:16 [UNKNOWN]: When I tell people I'm from the United States, I almost always say I'm from Florida, even though I lived a very long time in Kansas City, I met my wife in Kansas City, people might know about Kansas City, but it almost always say I'm from Florida because something about the word Kansas just kind of drifts people off when you use it.
07:18 --> 07:20 [UNKNOWN]: what you're about to hear is not that.
07:20 --> 07:21 [UNKNOWN]: This story is kind of amazing.
07:22 --> 07:30 [UNKNOWN]: And I wish that this had been the story I had heard about because I'm telling you this a very different story than the one that you have been hearing.
07:30 --> 07:36 [UNKNOWN]: So if you're eyes have been trying to not glaze over in the word Kansas, you need to get rid of the Kansas that you're thinking of.
07:36 --> 07:37 [UNKNOWN]: This is not
07:38 --> 07:47 [UNKNOWN]: the Kansas of boring farm quietly and this is the time period when it is untamed animals are still roaming there.
07:48 --> 07:50 [UNKNOWN]: The buffalo hordes are still moving.
07:50 --> 08:01 [UNKNOWN]: The native tribes are still very much present and these people are moving to the edge of the known world really to live out on cabins and live off the land in a very tough and
08:01 --> 08:02 [UNKNOWN]: very difficult place, you know?
08:03 --> 08:14 [UNKNOWN]: And there's still all the things that we deal with today if you've ever lived in that area, you know there are tornadoes and you know are those things, but these are the people living in those days in the earliest times possible without cars and without electricity and all those kinds of things.
08:17 --> 08:18 [UNKNOWN]: Let me give you a quote here.
08:19 --> 08:38 [UNKNOWN]: He has waged cruel war against human nature itself, violating its most sacred rights of life and liberty, and the persons of a distant people who never offended him, captivating and carrying them into slavery in another hemisphere, or to incur miserable death and their transportation there.
08:38 --> 08:40 [UNKNOWN]: This is Pyrratical Warfare,
08:41 --> 08:53 [UNKNOWN]: The appropriate of him of Infidel Powers is the warfare of the Christian King of Great Britain determined to keep open a market of men, where they are bought and sold.
08:54 --> 09:01 [UNKNOWN]: He has prostituted his negative for suppressing every legislative attempt to prohibit this extigurable commerce.
09:03 --> 09:31 [UNKNOWN]: Now, I do want to really apologize if you're an English as your second language, which I know there are many people who listen and it is this quote comes from the Declaration of Independence or at least it would have come from the Declaration of Independence you see it was in the original draft Thomas Jefferson had written and it's very clearly saying King of Great Britain one of our grievances against you the one of the reasons
09:31 --> 09:35 [UNKNOWN]: America as declaring independence from you is because of slavery.
09:35 --> 09:40 [UNKNOWN]: You forced us against every legislative attempt against every attempt to change things.
09:40 --> 09:48 [UNKNOWN]: You forced us to keep these slave markets open and you put the sin of selling people on a great Britain.
09:49 --> 09:53 [UNKNOWN]: It was not kept in the official declaration of independence, but we still have the draft copy.
09:53 --> 09:54 [UNKNOWN]: You can still go read it.
09:54 --> 09:57 [UNKNOWN]: It was going to be out of the hand of Thomas Jefferson.
09:57 --> 10:01 [UNKNOWN]: It would have been there, but Southern and Northern delegates said, yeah, take it out.
10:01 --> 10:04 [UNKNOWN]: Southern and said, hey, we're not joining a war against slavery.
10:04 --> 10:06 [UNKNOWN]: Our entire lifestyle is built on slavery.
10:06 --> 10:09 [UNKNOWN]: We will fight great Britain with you, but don't ask us to get rid of slavery right now.
10:10 --> 10:10 [UNKNOWN]: That's just not on the table.
10:11 --> 10:19 [UNKNOWN]: and the Northerners basically said the same thing like we can't afford to lose the south as bad as slavery is, we want to get rid of it at some point, but this is not the time.
10:19 --> 10:22 [UNKNOWN]: The time right now is to fight great Britain, deal with the slavery question later.
10:23 --> 10:25 [UNKNOWN]: And regrettably, they did.
10:25 --> 10:28 [UNKNOWN]: Now the problem is, of course, it didn't get dealt with the way they thought.
10:28 --> 10:34 [UNKNOWN]: Everyone thought it could be peacefully dealt with, at another time the Southerners expected to keep it, and the Northerners thought we can deal with it later.
10:35 --> 10:42 [UNKNOWN]: But even from the very beginning of America's founding, you can see that the question of what to do about slavery was a deeply central issue.
10:42 --> 10:54 [UNKNOWN]: And it was considered one of the grievances, many, even though it wasn't in the declaration of independence, Thomas Jefferson was by far not the only person to put the sin of slavery on Great Britain and be frustrated that the American people had to deal with it.
10:55 --> 10:58 [UNKNOWN]: Thomas Jefferson, by the way, gives a lot of flight by people today.
10:59 --> 11:00 [UNKNOWN]: because he owned slaves.
11:01 --> 11:02 [UNKNOWN]: And it's something that you'll hear it all the time.
11:02 --> 11:04 [UNKNOWN]: He wrote the declaration of an event.
11:04 --> 11:09 [UNKNOWN]: Then he said, we all have the right to, but he by he didn't give that right to slaves, right?
11:09 --> 11:16 [UNKNOWN]: And so however, it's important to know, and this is not an Thomas Jefferson apologetic, but he did write that grievance above.
11:16 --> 11:20 [UNKNOWN]: It was a part of Virginia law at the time that he could not get rid of his slaves.
11:21 --> 11:21 [UNKNOWN]: And
11:22 --> 11:32 [UNKNOWN]: The reason I only just recently learned this, and I was blown away when I heard this, uh, flu people know that Virginia actually tried to outlaw slavery in 1769.
11:32 --> 11:40 [UNKNOWN]: They passed a law basically saying we want to enslavery in the state of Virginia, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and the king of Britain vetoed it.
11:41 --> 11:44 [UNKNOWN]: He said, no, you're not allowed to get rid of slavery.
11:44 --> 11:45 [UNKNOWN]: It's an important part of your economy.
11:45 --> 11:49 [UNKNOWN]: I'm not going to let the state of Virginia just become poor because you guys feel bad about slavery.
11:50 --> 11:56 [UNKNOWN]: He vetoed that law who helped write that law Thomas Jefferson hit.
11:56 --> 12:00 [UNKNOWN]: So when people say, oh man, Thomas Jefferson ended, you know, he had slaves.
12:00 --> 12:01 [UNKNOWN]: He didn't really believe in freedom.
12:02 --> 12:09 [UNKNOWN]: Know that he actually tried to pass the law that would have ended slavery in Virginia, and the king of Great Britain wouldn't let him.
12:09 --> 12:15 [UNKNOWN]: And so when Thomas Jefferson writes in the grievance part, he says, you stopped every legislative attempt to inslavery.
12:15 --> 12:21 [UNKNOWN]: He's talking about his own attempt to inslavery seven years before that.
12:22 --> 12:23 [UNKNOWN]: that's kind of wild and kind of crazy.
12:23 --> 12:28 [UNKNOWN]: And it shows you, there's a lot more to history than we like to admit.
12:29 --> 12:35 [UNKNOWN]: And this episode is not going to be a deep dive on the history of the transatlantic slave trade.
12:36 --> 12:40 [UNKNOWN]: If you've listened to many revire thoughts episodes, you've heard many of them, even in the last year or two.
12:40 --> 12:46 [UNKNOWN]: We put out an episode by Nibbs, a huge abolitionist that had a huge effect on things in Jamaica helped in slavery.
12:46 --> 12:55 [UNKNOWN]: and the British Empire, big deal, great guy, he took to his story of running from slave owners and being attacked, it's very interesting story, heroic man.
12:56 --> 13:06 [UNKNOWN]: And then we've actually had a speech by Wilberforce, we've covered slavery very many times on our show, and to be honest, it is a fairly well known history, most people know that slavery is considered bad.
13:07 --> 13:12 [UNKNOWN]: So we're going to said looking more at the specific part of what do you do here with this story in Kansas.
13:13 --> 13:16 [UNKNOWN]: Now, I grew up in Florida.
13:16 --> 13:18 [UNKNOWN]: In Florida, we have Cape Canaveral.
13:18 --> 13:19 [UNKNOWN]: That's where they launched rocket ships.
13:19 --> 13:23 [UNKNOWN]: I remember a field trip when I was at kid going to see the space area where they do all that stuff.
13:23 --> 13:24 [UNKNOWN]: It was one of the coolest things ever.
13:25 --> 13:29 [UNKNOWN]: I grew up in Florida where there's Disney World, which we got to visit a couple of times.
13:29 --> 13:35 [UNKNOWN]: I've seen Augustine, one of the oldest settlements in all of America, it's just beautiful right there.
13:35 --> 13:40 [UNKNOWN]: There's the big cities like Miami, Tampa, the Everglades are so cool, full of alligators.
13:40 --> 13:43 [UNKNOWN]: I've never been there, but the keys I've heard are pretty nice, and there's just so much to do.
13:44 --> 13:46 [UNKNOWN]: There's a reason people all over the world are tired there.
13:46 --> 13:54 [UNKNOWN]: I even was just talking to a finish gentleman the other day, and he was like, oh, I have lots of finished people living Florida because it's warm, and they like it there, and I'm like, why wouldn't you, right?
13:54 --> 13:55 [UNKNOWN]: People vacation to my home.
13:55 --> 13:56 [UNKNOWN]: Whereas Kansas,
13:58 --> 14:07 [UNKNOWN]: It's famous for being flat and I've driven the cross that drove across it last summer on my way to Colorado from Kansas City and it was true to her reputation.
14:07 --> 14:15 [UNKNOWN]: It is flat and if you aren't overseas or a listener, someone who's never made that journey and hasn't seen a place that can be as flat as Kansas says.
14:15 --> 14:36 [UNKNOWN]: it is trippy and impossible to properly explain to you the flatness that lets you to see in every direction just miles and miles and miles of land that just seems to go on endlessly in every single direction and yet it doesn't make for a great story usually to talk about the very flat as parts of his workplace in a land.
14:37 --> 14:38 [UNKNOWN]: But that is not the image of Kansas.
14:38 --> 14:39 [UNKNOWN]: You need to be having right now.
14:40 --> 14:42 [UNKNOWN]: This is the dangerous Kansas.
14:42 --> 14:55 [UNKNOWN]: I know it's hard to maybe picture it this way if you're an American or somebody that Kansas was once a very very dangerous place and People died trying to settle this what is now considered like one of the calmest quietest places you can live
14:56 --> 15:15 [UNKNOWN]: First began getting incorporated into America in 1803 when the Louisiana purchase happened and as soon as it's kind of started to get there the question of slavery began to expand when we started expanding the country and every direction the question became well will we keep expanding slavery into these new states or not
15:17 --> 15:20 [UNKNOWN]: It's very important that you put aside your thoughts on this issue.
15:20 --> 15:22 [UNKNOWN]: I don't mean your thoughts on slavery, slavery is bad.
15:22 --> 15:29 [UNKNOWN]: But put aside the thoughts that you know, this is leading to a civil war, and put yourself in the shoes of the people alive at the time.
15:29 --> 15:33 [UNKNOWN]: They did not know a civil war was on the way.
15:33 --> 15:38 [UNKNOWN]: Sometimes they have little hints and moments where they think it is, but they did not understand.
15:38 --> 15:41 [UNKNOWN]: all that this issue was couldn't be dealt with peacefully.
15:41 --> 15:53 [UNKNOWN]: They thought that they had the ticket through the Constitution and Congress, they were doing something the world had never done before, you know, voting for issues and figuring out their leadership, and they believed that they could come to a peaceful way to deal with this.
15:54 --> 15:59 [UNKNOWN]: One very important person is a man named Henry Clay, and Henry Clay is a very interesting guy.
15:59 --> 16:01 [UNKNOWN]: I'm not sure if there is anyone
16:01 --> 16:09 [UNKNOWN]: Politically as important as Henry Clay, who ran for president as many times as he did and failed to become president.
16:10 --> 16:19 [UNKNOWN]: In 1824, 1832 and 1844, he ran for president seriously as the big nominee of the ticket in lost all three times.
16:19 --> 16:24 [UNKNOWN]: He also ran for president in 1840 and 1848 but he didn't manage to get the nominations those years.
16:24 --> 16:26 [UNKNOWN]: He set up two different political parties.
16:27 --> 16:30 [UNKNOWN]: Two political parties that went on to have a great impact on the country.
16:30 --> 16:31 [UNKNOWN]: Neither of them existed any more by the way.
16:32 --> 16:35 [UNKNOWN]: The national Republican Party and the Wig Party.
16:35 --> 16:38 [UNKNOWN]: The national Republican Party was founded to be anti-Wig Andrew Jackson.
16:39 --> 16:41 [UNKNOWN]: It wasn't as important as the Wig Party.
16:41 --> 16:46 [UNKNOWN]: You may say I've never heard of the Wig Party or I have only heard of them gently but they got four different presidents elected
16:49 --> 16:57 [UNKNOWN]: And this guy ran for president on like all the other nominations and lost it every single time But the guy helped set up a party that went on to get four different presidents.
16:57 --> 16:58 [UNKNOWN]: That's a pretty important human
16:59 --> 17:05 [UNKNOWN]: In the 1920, Missouri wanted to join the United States, but they were a slave-owning territory.
17:05 --> 17:11 [UNKNOWN]: If you let Missouri in, you would have had more slave-sates in Congress than free-sates.
17:11 --> 17:21 [UNKNOWN]: And this would have upset the gentle balance of power that Congress is trying to have, not giving too much power to the slave-sates so that they can't enact slavery as a part of the Constitution or something forever.
17:23 --> 17:25 [UNKNOWN]: Maine, the was the idea.
17:25 --> 17:28 [UNKNOWN]: The compromise of 1820 was we will give you Missouri.
17:28 --> 17:34 [UNKNOWN]: Missouri will become a slave state, but we will also add Maine up in the north of America at the same time, and it will stay a free sleigh.
17:35 --> 17:44 [UNKNOWN]: This will keep the balance between slave and free states equal, and this will allow neither the free states nor the slave states to control the entire country too much.
17:45 --> 17:46 [UNKNOWN]: And then they made a rule.
17:46 --> 17:49 [UNKNOWN]: No states above that line where Missouri was.
17:50 --> 17:53 [UNKNOWN]: you can't make new slave states above a certain latitude.
17:53 --> 18:04 [UNKNOWN]: And this idea was we could basically split the country down the middle, the northern half would be free, and the southern half could be slave states, and Missouri would be the only one that's a little bit more north than the others.
18:05 --> 18:07 [UNKNOWN]: You may say, well, why didn't they just go after slavery?
18:07 --> 18:08 [UNKNOWN]: Why didn't the free states just go after it?
18:08 --> 18:10 [UNKNOWN]: America at this point is 30 years old.
18:12 --> 18:18 [UNKNOWN]: Can they afford they just an 1812 to 1814 had a second war with Great Britain?
18:18 --> 18:24 [UNKNOWN]: Can you blame them if four years later, they weren't ready to go through a civil war to end the issue of slavery?
18:24 --> 18:32 [UNKNOWN]: And you can't remember, you know the future, you see how big a deal of slavery is, you see that there's no peaceful rate weight in this situation.
18:32 --> 18:34 [UNKNOWN]: But the people at the time think there is.
18:35 --> 18:39 [UNKNOWN]: They believe that if enough time eventually this issue could be ended.
18:42 --> 19:05 [UNKNOWN]: You know, snares in their direction, right now, what issues are currently very big issues to the American people, or maybe the people in your country, that people feel very entrenched about, but they wouldn't want to go to war about, you know, something like abortion, or keeping children safe, or things, these are huge issues, lives are on the line, and yet everyone is trying as much as they can to avoid a civil war most of the time.
19:06 --> 19:08 [UNKNOWN]: and the issue of slavery was seen in the same way.
19:09 --> 19:14 [UNKNOWN]: Now, this compromise held for 30 years, but in 1850, a new compromise was created.
19:14 --> 19:18 [UNKNOWN]: The idea was that the slave states or free states got too much power to break the balance of trade.
19:19 --> 19:19 [UNKNOWN]: Yet,
19:21 --> 19:25 [UNKNOWN]: It took five different motions and they had to get a new law kind of passed.
19:25 --> 19:26 [UNKNOWN]: Why is that?
19:26 --> 19:28 [UNKNOWN]: What caused 1850 to break the old thing?
19:28 --> 19:30 [UNKNOWN]: And by the way, guess who the guy who got the compromise through?
19:30 --> 19:34 [UNKNOWN]: Henry Clay again, 30 years later he was still alive.
19:34 --> 19:36 [UNKNOWN]: He was still in Congress and he passed the next version.
19:36 --> 19:37 [UNKNOWN]: They updated version of the thing.
19:38 --> 19:39 [UNKNOWN]: But why did they even need one?
19:40 --> 19:40 [UNKNOWN]: Well,
19:41 --> 19:54 [UNKNOWN]: In 1848, America went to war with Mexico, and was called the Mexican-American War, and America soundly defeated Mexico, and this led to a bunch of territory getting added into the country.
19:54 --> 20:02 [UNKNOWN]: This led to Texas, California, New Mexico, Utah, Arizona are all coming into the United States Serious this time.
20:02 --> 20:08 [UNKNOWN]: While Texas was firmly in the slave owning camp, they were expecting to join the South, though it wouldn't break the compromise too badly.
20:08 --> 20:09 [UNKNOWN]: But what about Arizona?
20:10 --> 20:11 [UNKNOWN]: What about New Mexico?
20:11 --> 20:12 [UNKNOWN]: What about California?
20:13 --> 20:21 [UNKNOWN]: Well, you know, and by the way, some people hear this story, and even actually there are people in America today say American needs to give that land Arizona California New Mexico back to Mexico.
20:22 --> 20:23 [UNKNOWN]: It was, you know, quote unquote stolen land.
20:24 --> 20:25 [UNKNOWN]: Actually it was not stolen land.
20:26 --> 20:29 [UNKNOWN]: America paid tens of millions of dollars to Mexico.
20:29 --> 20:31 [UNKNOWN]: They beat Mexico in a war.
20:31 --> 20:35 [UNKNOWN]: And then they had them sign a treaty and they agreed on Pronto price to pay Mexico for some of that land.
20:36 --> 20:40 [UNKNOWN]: And then a few years later, they spent millions more dollars to buy another chunk of land from Mexico.
20:40 --> 20:41 [UNKNOWN]: So this is not stolen land.
20:41 --> 20:42 [UNKNOWN]: It was actually paid for land.
20:43 --> 20:48 [UNKNOWN]: And you could argue how well, could Mexico deal with that price considering they were at war.
20:48 --> 20:55 [UNKNOWN]: But most of the time when a country evades another country, they don't then pay them for the land that they're buying.
20:55 --> 20:57 [UNKNOWN]: And Mexico was given the border that they pretty much have today.
20:58 --> 21:00 [UNKNOWN]: And like I said, except for the later on purchase that they made.
21:00 --> 21:02 [UNKNOWN]: So it's not something.
21:02 --> 21:03 [UNKNOWN]: People, people need to quit finding
21:06 --> 21:10 [UNKNOWN]: They're dealing with 1850 compromise and one of the biggest reasons is California is going to be entering as a free state.
21:11 --> 21:14 [UNKNOWN]: But California does not is in that southern part of the country.
21:14 --> 21:19 [UNKNOWN]: It's technically under the slave state jurisdiction that they agreed on.
21:19 --> 21:22 [UNKNOWN]: This line that runs through the country will California is underneath it.
21:22 --> 21:23 [UNKNOWN]: But California doesn't want to be a slave state.
21:24 --> 21:25 [UNKNOWN]: they want to be a free state.
21:25 --> 21:27 [UNKNOWN]: They don't want to join America if they're not a free state.
21:28 --> 21:28 [UNKNOWN]: This is a problem.
21:29 --> 21:31 [UNKNOWN]: And so they need a new way to deal with things.
21:31 --> 21:31 [UNKNOWN]: And the new way.
21:32 --> 21:37 [UNKNOWN]: And also, if California joins us a free state, this tips to balance the power towards free states.
21:38 --> 21:40 [UNKNOWN]: So Congress had to come up with a bunch of new solutions.
21:40 --> 21:42 [UNKNOWN]: And here was the new plan in 1850.
21:44 --> 21:48 [UNKNOWN]: Utah, New Mexico, you guys could vote whether you wanted to be slave owning states or not.
21:49 --> 21:53 [UNKNOWN]: And you would not have the space just because you were under the line didn't mean one thing or the other.
21:53 --> 21:57 [UNKNOWN]: You would decide for yourself in your state, whether you would be a slave owning state or not.
21:58 --> 22:02 [UNKNOWN]: Also, run away slaves will be returned no questions asked back to their states.
22:02 --> 22:06 [UNKNOWN]: That was kind of the compromise to get the South on board to keep them from going to war over this.
22:07 --> 22:13 [UNKNOWN]: we will promise to return slaves and not allow make a new place, a new bastion of freedom for all the slaves to run away too.
22:13 --> 22:26 [UNKNOWN]: Texas's boundaries was given proper place, all that kind of stuff, and ending the slave trade in Washington DC up until that point you could buy slaves in Washington DC at any market and they closed those markets down.
22:26 --> 22:30 [UNKNOWN]: Now this is a pretty good deal overall for the free status those who want freedom.
22:31 --> 22:32 [UNKNOWN]: It was not a deal that made the southern
22:35 --> 22:36 [UNKNOWN]: California is now a free state.
22:37 --> 22:41 [UNKNOWN]: Utah and Arizona are probably going to become free states, or sorry, California is now a free state.
22:42 --> 22:43 [UNKNOWN]: Utah and Arizona are going to go free state.
22:43 --> 22:45 [UNKNOWN]: Eventually we're going to get outnumbered here.
22:45 --> 22:47 [UNKNOWN]: We got Texas, but we're losing all these other states.
22:48 --> 22:49 [UNKNOWN]: What do we do?
22:50 --> 22:52 [UNKNOWN]: Ironically, President Phil Moore, the
22:52 --> 22:55 [UNKNOWN]: person in charge of the wig party that Henry Clay founded.
22:55 --> 23:01 [UNKNOWN]: He said this was the final quote final settlement of Divisions the United States between the north and the south.
23:01 --> 23:02 [UNKNOWN]: This would end this later question.
23:03 --> 23:10 [UNKNOWN]: We had to update the 1820 plan to the 1850 plan, but now it is good we're going to be fine from here out.
23:10 --> 23:16 [UNKNOWN]: In 1854 the Southern Democrats not happy with the 1850 compromise decided to push a new bill out while they had power.
23:17 --> 23:25 [UNKNOWN]: He was a Democrat, he was pro slavery, this guy named Senator Douglas, and he said, I'm going to put out a bill that's quote going to cause a heck of a storm, and he didn't use the word heck.
23:25 --> 23:26 [UNKNOWN]: But he didn't care.
23:27 --> 23:34 [UNKNOWN]: As a territory, he's in the state's name to expand westward, he removed the idea that no new northern slave states could be added.
23:34 --> 23:46 [UNKNOWN]: and said actually since Arizona and Utah get to decide whether they want to become free states or slave states, we would like to also say Kansas and Nebraska get to decide whether they become slave states as well.
23:47 --> 23:51 [UNKNOWN]: And that meant these northern states could start to become slave states too.
23:51 --> 23:56 [UNKNOWN]: Again, the way the Democrats are looking at it, the way the southerners are looking at it, is this balance's power.
23:57 --> 24:02 [UNKNOWN]: but it also gives them a little bit of a leg up because they're kind of currently falling behind the times.
24:03 --> 24:07 [UNKNOWN]: Now for the Northerners Utah Arizona and California becoming free states make sense.
24:07 --> 24:22 [UNKNOWN]: These places wouldn't want to become slave states and it forces the south to kind of get slowly chokeholded till they didn't have the power to grow but adding Nebraska and Kansas to the mix suddenly gives the slave states a chance to become powerful again and keeps slavery going
24:23 --> 24:39 [UNKNOWN]: The Forest City Democrat in Cleveland described this in action as a gross violation of the sacred pledge they had made and the jury could quote, convert the dreary region of the old world into the Midwest with despotism.
24:39 --> 24:46 [UNKNOWN]: Basically saying, hey, we're going to see these terrible ideas from the old world taking over these new front tiers.
24:46 --> 24:47 [UNKNOWN]: Quite the combination.
24:48 --> 24:52 [UNKNOWN]: Now, this issue was extremely contentious, and Christians were all over it.
24:52 --> 25:02 [UNKNOWN]: We covered an episode of Revival Thoughts, not that long ago, where a college was asked if they supported missionaries that also were getting money from slavery people in the president was out fundraising.
25:02 --> 25:11 [UNKNOWN]: When he came back to the college, almost his entire college of students had left because no one had answered the question, they thought the college supported slavery even though they allowed.
25:13 --> 25:30 [UNKNOWN]: students that were black and other people to come to their school it basically shut down that school and the school never recovered all because the president was out fundraising at the wrong time and that's how contentious this issue was and rightfully soaps like raised terrible people were very upset about it but it was a huge issue what was going to happen
25:30 --> 25:33 [UNKNOWN]: for Christians, and think about this.
25:33 --> 25:43 [UNKNOWN]: Would you be happy if you found out that a mission agency you supported was receiving a lot of his funds from plantation owners, from slave owners, would that affect how happy you were with that mission agency?
25:44 --> 25:53 [UNKNOWN]: A group of Christians began protesting in Oberlin College, many of them were from the North and they said, hey, we're protesting this terrible compromise that's going to bring slavery to Kansas and Nebraska.
25:54 --> 25:58 [UNKNOWN]: There are all kinds of issues in ways people and Christians intersected with this issue.
25:59 --> 26:04 [UNKNOWN]: But it's important to get into the mindset of a Southerner a little bit too, and then we often overlook.
26:04 --> 26:14 [UNKNOWN]: The idea, the popular culture idea is to treat the Southerners like they just hated everyone that was black and that they just had an irrational hatred, evilness about them.
26:15 --> 26:23 [UNKNOWN]: And there is truth, there were definitely Southerners who did hate black people, and there were, by the way, Northerners who also didn't like black people, as well at the time.
26:23 --> 26:26 [UNKNOWN]: That is the racism, as I said, as far back as the garden.
26:28 --> 26:32 [UNKNOWN]: It's important to know there were some let's say legitimate fears because that makes it sound like it's okay.
26:33 --> 26:37 [UNKNOWN]: But there were fears that I think most of us would have a hard time.
26:38 --> 26:41 [UNKNOWN]: We don't forget this, we forget this aspect of slavery.
26:42 --> 26:44 [UNKNOWN]: Let me go into it what I mean.
26:44 --> 26:49 [UNKNOWN]: And 1831, a man named Nat Turner, made those fears become reality.
26:50 --> 26:53 [UNKNOWN]: You see, Nat Turner was a preacher and a prophet,
26:53 --> 26:57 [UNKNOWN]: and he created the deadliest slave revolt in American history.
26:57 --> 27:01 [UNKNOWN]: Now we know this from history, but we also know it from his own confessions.
27:01 --> 27:07 [UNKNOWN]: You can look the history book, but he also wrote a confession in his jail cell called the Confessions of Nat Turner, and his book is pretty strange.
27:08 --> 27:13 [UNKNOWN]: In Virginia he was born in the year 1800, and for a slave he was taught to read in light, which was not as common as others.
27:13 --> 27:18 [UNKNOWN]: He also owned his own personal copy of the buyer, a copy of the Bible, which he read regularly.
27:18 --> 27:28 [UNKNOWN]: He loved his grandma dearly as a kid, and he had a father that ran away from being a slave, and he also had a wife and a kid, but they removed to a different plantation, which was sadly very common at the time.
27:29 --> 27:40 [UNKNOWN]: One person set up him, quote, he devoted all his free time to fasting and prayer, and also would experience private revelations in which the spirit that spoke to the prophets in former days would speak to him.
27:41 --> 27:42 [UNKNOWN]: That's the quote.
27:42 --> 27:48 [UNKNOWN]: He ran away from his plantation that he lived at in his 20s, but after a month on the road, he returned, because in his quote was the Holy Spirit,
27:49 --> 27:52 [UNKNOWN]: He says claimed that he had to return to his master.
27:52 --> 27:55 [UNKNOWN]: Now he had a vision throughout his 20s and they were usually about life.
27:55 --> 27:56 [UNKNOWN]: They were kind of religious in nature.
27:57 --> 28:03 [UNKNOWN]: But as he got to the end of his 20s, he started to have very, very political visions from quote, thus spirit.
28:03 --> 28:06 [UNKNOWN]: And I want to say that when he says thus spirit, he's claiming it's a Holy Spirit.
28:07 --> 28:10 [UNKNOWN]: I am not convinced that's the Holy Spirit and I do not think it's the Holy Spirit.
28:10 --> 28:13 [UNKNOWN]: So do understand, I'm quoting him, not my own thoughts.
28:14 --> 28:22 [UNKNOWN]: On May 12th, 1828, Turner says the spirit said to him, quote, the time was fast approaching when the first should be last and the last should be first.
28:22 --> 28:25 [UNKNOWN]: And the spirit was telling him it was time to lead a revolution.
28:25 --> 28:30 [UNKNOWN]: He was also told that he would know the time when he saw a sign of fulfillment.
28:30 --> 28:34 [UNKNOWN]: So in 1828, the revolution is coming and it will be a sign.
28:35 --> 28:37 [UNKNOWN]: Some kind of great sign will tell him.
28:38 --> 28:45 [UNKNOWN]: That is time for this revolution and again I would think many people listening to this are going oh boy That's these are not good signs.
28:45 --> 28:48 [UNKNOWN]: This is not the kind of thing you want to hear, but this is what he thinks
28:49 --> 28:52 [UNKNOWN]: Now, in 1831, a solar eclipse hit the country.
28:53 --> 28:56 [UNKNOWN]: And Turner was convinced that's the sign he had been waiting for.
28:57 --> 28:59 [UNKNOWN]: That's the sign, the spirit had commanded him on.
29:00 --> 29:01 [UNKNOWN]: It's a coincidence, maybe.
29:01 --> 29:08 [UNKNOWN]: But a few days before that, the master of the plantation that he was at had moved one of his children away from that to pay off a debt.
29:08 --> 29:11 [UNKNOWN]: So a couple of days before his son gets taken from him.
29:11 --> 29:17 [UNKNOWN]: And a couple of days later, he sees a giant solar eclipse and the stress the pressure very likely made him go with that sit.
29:18 --> 29:21 [UNKNOWN]: He shares his plans with four other slaves.
29:21 --> 29:27 [UNKNOWN]: Now, I read some historians were like, hey, we don't know if any of these slaves actually believed in Turner's religious visions or not.
29:27 --> 29:30 [UNKNOWN]: If they went along with the revolt, purely because they liked the idea of a role.
29:30 --> 29:37 [UNKNOWN]: But I have to say, if the guy leading the revolt is this weird religious leader, then of course, they somewhat must agree with him on this.
29:39 --> 29:44 [UNKNOWN]: Weirdly, the only person that Turner Ever Baptized was a white man, so was not one of his accolades.
29:45 --> 29:46 [UNKNOWN]: But I think historians are being strange.
29:46 --> 30:00 [UNKNOWN]: I think they're trying to separate the other people from the religious visions, but if the guy running your evolve is having all these religious visions and telling you the spirit is moving him and all of that, absolutely you're going to think you're at least somewhat in the belief that he is correct.
30:00 --> 30:05 [UNKNOWN]: I don't know why the historians are downplaying that because we don't really have any information from those other four guys.
30:05 --> 30:06 [UNKNOWN]: They don't give their story.
30:09 --> 30:11 [UNKNOWN]: For a month's the group kept things very small.
30:11 --> 30:16 [UNKNOWN]: Turner was convinced that the number one reason a slavery bolt failed was the secret gets out.
30:16 --> 30:19 [UNKNOWN]: So he wanted to keep it a secret till it was too late for anyone to do anything about it.
30:19 --> 30:21 [UNKNOWN]: Which by the way, we will look at a couple of other slavery bolts here in a minute.
30:22 --> 30:23 [UNKNOWN]: And you will see, he's correct.
30:23 --> 30:27 [UNKNOWN]: The number one reason these slavery bolts ended was because the secret got out.
30:27 --> 30:35 [UNKNOWN]: However, that meant you couldn't recruit anybody because the more people you told, the more likely the secret got out, so you had to be very, very quiet about who you tell, and that meant you couldn't recruit.
30:35 --> 30:40 [UNKNOWN]: So you're busy planning a flavorful that you think will overthrow the south, but you have nobody to tell it to.
30:41 --> 30:51 [UNKNOWN]: Their plan was to get their hands on weapons, start killing white people, tell the slaves, hey, the rebellion's on, and it would just kind of be assumed every one would overthrow their masters and it would kind of all work out.
30:51 --> 30:54 [UNKNOWN]: They'd become unstoppable, the momentum would be on their side.
30:54 --> 31:02 [UNKNOWN]: They planned the first attack on July 14th, 1831, you know, America's independence day, perfect day to get independent, but Turner, quote, felt sick.
31:03 --> 31:07 [UNKNOWN]: Later on, he admitted, I wasn't sick, I just didn't think our plan was good enough yet.
31:08 --> 31:14 [UNKNOWN]: Another event happened within a couple of weeks, and that was the sun turned purple and blue.
31:14 --> 31:17 [UNKNOWN]: Now, we're looking from signs from heaven that it's time to lead a revolt.
31:18 --> 31:23 [UNKNOWN]: The sun turning purple and blue is about as much of a sign from heaven as you're ever going to get.
31:24 --> 31:29 [UNKNOWN]: For 200 years, scientists didn't understand why the sun turned purple and blue in the summer of 1831.
31:29 --> 31:31 [UNKNOWN]: It's a fact that it did.
31:32 --> 31:34 [UNKNOWN]: And again, Turner's over here looking for a science from heaven.
31:34 --> 31:36 [UNKNOWN]: And it just so happens to be the sun that's purple.
31:36 --> 31:37 [UNKNOWN]: That's the sign, right?
31:37 --> 31:38 [UNKNOWN]: You can't argue with that.
31:40 --> 31:42 [UNKNOWN]: Likely volcanic ash went into the air and caused it.
31:42 --> 31:44 [UNKNOWN]: That's what the current theory is.
31:44 --> 31:46 [UNKNOWN]: But it was a very long time for people to know.
31:46 --> 31:51 [UNKNOWN]: Now, there wasn't really bad volcanic ash a couple of years before in 1816 caused a bunch of people to die.
31:51 --> 31:53 [UNKNOWN]: It's known as the year without a summer.
31:53 --> 31:58 [UNKNOWN]: And it is where mayonnaise comes from because they put it on horses to make dead horses taste better.
31:59 --> 31:59 [UNKNOWN]: So thank you for that.
32:00 --> 32:10 [UNKNOWN]: And it also came at the end of the Napoleonic Wars, so Europe was already just devastated by all that, and then this volcanic ash block the sun made it snow and June and July caused crops to not come in.
32:10 --> 32:17 [UNKNOWN]: A lot of people started, and so many horses died that it led to the invention of the bicycle because people needed a new way to get around that wouldn't lead to death.
32:17 --> 32:18 [UNKNOWN]: So there you go, that's fun, those sort of.
32:18 --> 32:26 [UNKNOWN]: So volcanic ash causing astronomical science has happened before, but Nat Turner doesn't know all of that about volcanoes, all he knows is he was asking God for a sign.
32:27 --> 32:30 [UNKNOWN]: He sees the sun turn purple and blue and goes, that's my sign.
32:30 --> 32:33 [UNKNOWN]: On August 21st, they're 23rd, I'm going to make this thing happen.
32:34 --> 32:36 [UNKNOWN]: And the funny weirdest part, funny part, I don't even know what you say to this.
32:40 --> 32:44 [UNKNOWN]: is the five conspirators before they unleashed their revolutions, start killing a bunch of people.
32:45 --> 32:45 [UNKNOWN]: They have a feast.
32:46 --> 32:53 [UNKNOWN]: They go to the nearby cider mill, their favorite store, they drink a bunch of cider, they eat a bunch of food, they have like a little party together.
32:54 --> 32:58 [UNKNOWN]: It's like one last good meal before we go do this thing and they do and I just, that part to me is crazy.
32:59 --> 32:59 [UNKNOWN]: Like,
32:59 --> 33:10 [UNKNOWN]: I just, it's so weird to picture a bunch of guys just like eating a big feast like alright, got a full stomach, I was fun to have one last, you know, one last round of friendship but okay, let's go kill a bunch of people.
33:11 --> 33:14 [UNKNOWN]: Now, they didn't convince on the day they started their evolution to add two new people.
33:14 --> 33:19 [UNKNOWN]: They were now recruiting more openly because it was the day, and these two guys join them.
33:19 --> 33:23 [UNKNOWN]: That makes their group seven people strong, but they don't, they don't get to go to the side of the feast.
33:23 --> 33:24 [UNKNOWN]: They came after the side of the feast.
33:24 --> 33:27 [UNKNOWN]: So they really, you know, they missed out on the best part of being a part of the revolution.
33:27 --> 33:29 [UNKNOWN]: I imagine was that really delicious apple cider.
33:31 --> 33:48 [UNKNOWN]: very few people initially joined them that night they attacked three different white family houses killed eight people including an infant very sadly and they don't have any weapons at this point so they're still looking for weapons so even though he's been months recruiting they didn't have weapons they attacked the killed the man to hand or with whatever they could grab which is also very dark
33:50 --> 33:54 [UNKNOWN]: as they killed more people, and they kind of started attacking houses.
33:54 --> 33:56 [UNKNOWN]: Many times slaves would protect the people from them.
33:57 --> 33:59 [UNKNOWN]: They would stop them or protect them or hide them.
34:00 --> 34:03 [UNKNOWN]: So not that many people joined by the end of the first days of tax.
34:03 --> 34:05 [UNKNOWN]: Only 12 people were on their side.
34:05 --> 34:08 [UNKNOWN]: That's more than seven, but it wasn't the numbers they were hoping for.
34:08 --> 34:13 [UNKNOWN]: They went to a plantation where they were hoping 40 people would join them and only one person did.
34:13 --> 34:19 [UNKNOWN]: At another plantation where 20 people were there, all 20 of them said, no way, we're not going involved in this at all.
34:19 --> 34:20 [UNKNOWN]: You guys are crazy in your own own.
34:21 --> 34:25 [UNKNOWN]: Eventually, they got a little bit bigger and their group had to split into two.
34:25 --> 34:27 [UNKNOWN]: And so they gave one group horses they had stolen.
34:27 --> 34:30 [UNKNOWN]: And they said, this will be the fast attacking group that goes after people with horses.
34:30 --> 34:33 [UNKNOWN]: They used guns, they're going to attack people moving through the area.
34:33 --> 34:37 [UNKNOWN]: And the other group would kind of keep doing these night attacks, these night raids on people.
34:37 --> 34:38 [UNKNOWN]: wherever they could as well.
34:39 --> 34:41 [UNKNOWN]: And between the two, you could not sleep at night.
34:41 --> 34:42 [UNKNOWN]: You couldn't sleep during the day.
34:42 --> 34:43 [UNKNOWN]: You're always a fearful of attack.
34:44 --> 34:50 [UNKNOWN]: One of the worst attacks came on the first day when they started first hearing about the revolt people were dying and they're finding the bodies.
34:50 --> 34:55 [UNKNOWN]: They called, you know, they tell the school that was in the area, hey, there's some kind of revolt going on.
34:55 --> 34:57 [UNKNOWN]: Please, you know, we got to figure out what to do.
34:57 --> 34:59 [UNKNOWN]: The guy and the kids had gone to school.
34:59 --> 34:59 [UNKNOWN]: They didn't know the news.
34:59 --> 35:01 [UNKNOWN]: Remember they don't have phones or anything like that.
35:01 --> 35:03 [UNKNOWN]: News is traveling much more slowly.
35:04 --> 35:10 [UNKNOWN]: And so, the kids go to school, they get to the school, the teachers and people, the person in charge of the small, kind of schoolhouse.
35:11 --> 35:11 [UNKNOWN]: Here's what's going on.
35:11 --> 35:15 [UNKNOWN]: He goes, okay, we should bunker down, let's build some safety, let's put up some walls.
35:16 --> 35:21 [UNKNOWN]: And as he's in the process of doing that, he hasn't finished it yet when these guys show up.
35:21 --> 35:27 [UNKNOWN]: They attack the school, they kill 10 children, they kill this guy's wife who was the teacher at the time.
35:28 --> 35:31 [UNKNOWN]: They just completely destroy everything and kill all these people in there, killing innocent kids.
35:34 --> 35:37 [UNKNOWN]: at a little log cabin school, basically, in Virginia.
35:38 --> 35:43 [UNKNOWN]: New spreads quickly, this, of course, these poor, you know, poor defensive people are getting killed, of course, this upsets people.
35:44 --> 35:54 [UNKNOWN]: So many white people just run off into the forest to hide, many of them begin gathering weapons to and start to kind of chase after these guys on horses looking for them.
35:54 --> 35:55 [UNKNOWN]: So now these,
35:55 --> 36:00 [UNKNOWN]: revolt on people are being chased by bands of angry people looking for them.
36:01 --> 36:06 [UNKNOWN]: Nat Turner's group is about 40 people strong and they decide to start heading for quote Jerusalem Virginia.
36:06 --> 36:14 [UNKNOWN]: There's a town called Jerusalem and they knew their Reweapon stored there and it's got a name like Jerusalem so it's got to have some spiritual connotations right?
36:15 --> 36:24 [UNKNOWN]: Along the way they kind of hit up a farm they thought was defenseless but instead there were six well-armed farmers that managed to hold them off and they started scattering in different directions and that was pretty much it.
36:24 --> 36:35 [UNKNOWN]: Once they failed in this six-person farm, they started running in different directions, the people that have been chasing them started to catch up with them, and they began capturing and executing all of these rebels where they could find them.
36:35 --> 36:36 [UNKNOWN]: Not Turner, though.
36:37 --> 36:44 [UNKNOWN]: The guy who started all the profit, priest himself hides, and doesn't get found for two months.
36:44 --> 36:55 [UNKNOWN]: Before a hunting dog found him eating food, came back to him with some slaves that were with the hunting dog, and he told them, please, you know, they recognized who he was, and he said, please don't tell anyone I'm here.
36:56 --> 36:58 [UNKNOWN]: but they definitely were going to tell the people who's here.
36:58 --> 37:04 [UNKNOWN]: For nothing else, there's a bounty on his head, or maybe they were scared of the rambling profit man in the woods, or maybe they didn't like that he killed a bunch of people.
37:05 --> 37:08 [UNKNOWN]: For whatever reason, it was very clear they returned to men, and they turned him in very quickly.
37:09 --> 37:12 [UNKNOWN]: The Virginians were horribly angry about this revolt.
37:12 --> 37:18 [UNKNOWN]: They, and this led to terrible repression against black people, nobody trusted anybody, and they began executing all the rebels.
37:18 --> 37:19 [UNKNOWN]: They didn't give them trials.
37:19 --> 37:24 [UNKNOWN]: They quickly started just killing them because these guys are killing defenses people that killed an entire school of children.
37:25 --> 37:35 [UNKNOWN]: Look, I'm not saying it's okay to kill people without a trial, but I can understand if I lived in that community, if I knew those children, I went to church with some of those children, and I found out they were brutally murdered.
37:36 --> 37:40 [UNKNOWN]: I can probably understand why I wasn't wanting to see that guy sit there a trial.
37:40 --> 37:42 [UNKNOWN]: I couldn't see why your blood might be boiling.
37:43 --> 37:45 [UNKNOWN]: They're all in the, you know, they're on the loose, they're killing people.
37:45 --> 37:48 [UNKNOWN]: You can see why you might have gotten caught up in the heat of the moment.
37:49 --> 37:54 [UNKNOWN]: As often happens, when a group of people become angry, there are retaliatory backlashes.
37:54 --> 38:00 [UNKNOWN]: At one point, a black guy was being grabbed by the mob, and the white woman had to like, did everything she could.
38:00 --> 38:01 [UNKNOWN]: She finally got the mob to settle down.
38:01 --> 38:03 [UNKNOWN]: She said, I didn't say this guy attacked me.
38:03 --> 38:06 [UNKNOWN]: I said, he saved my life from the rebels.
38:06 --> 38:08 [UNKNOWN]: Please treat him kindly, and they were like, oh, sorry.
38:08 --> 38:10 [UNKNOWN]: We thought you were attacked by him.
38:11 --> 38:13 [UNKNOWN]: So there's that kind of stuff going on as often happen.
38:13 --> 38:17 [UNKNOWN]: We saw this in the panic in the London fire 1666.
38:17 --> 38:19 [UNKNOWN]: We see this in every story whenever there's a mob involved.
38:19 --> 38:23 [UNKNOWN]: They start targeting whoever they can and they often make the wrong choices, right?
38:23 --> 38:25 [UNKNOWN]: Jesus is killed by a mob after all.
38:26 --> 38:27 [UNKNOWN]: They tortured people.
38:27 --> 38:31 [UNKNOWN]: That might have been involved in the conspiracy if they thought you were a black guy That was that could have been involved.
38:31 --> 38:32 [UNKNOWN]: Maybe you were slave or whatever.
38:32 --> 38:35 [UNKNOWN]: They tortured you and one man They burned one of it.
38:35 --> 38:42 [UNKNOWN]: They were burning his feet trying to get a confession of him and they basically burnt Them off trying to get the confession until they realized.
38:43 --> 38:46 [UNKNOWN]: Oh, he's not confessing because he's actually innocent
38:47 --> 38:54 [UNKNOWN]: One newspaper said the Virginians hardly inferior in barbarity to the actual atrocities of the rebels themselves.
38:54 --> 38:58 [UNKNOWN]: In other words, these guys are being just as evil as the people they're fighting against.
38:59 --> 39:06 [UNKNOWN]: Eventually the governor had an issue in order to not attack your own private property, which is what slaves were considered in the state of Virginia.
39:06 --> 39:09 [UNKNOWN]: I mean, I don't think they're considered property, but the state of Virginia did it at the time.
39:09 --> 39:14 [UNKNOWN]: And so they said, if you attack your own property, it is considered treasonous and you will be put to death.
39:14 --> 39:17 [UNKNOWN]: So it's very severe stop attacking the slaves.
39:18 --> 39:21 [UNKNOWN]: When it was all said and done, 60 white people were killed by the rebels.
39:22 --> 39:31 [UNKNOWN]: 120 black people were killed in response between the militias capturing rebels and trying to torture and do all of that stuff And then the state captured another 56 and executed them as well.
39:32 --> 39:48 [UNKNOWN]: So 200 plus people are dead because one man named Nat Turner saw that the sky was blue and purple on the wrong day and it was convinced That quote the spirit was telling him to lead a revolution and do you see how
39:49 --> 39:51 [UNKNOWN]: Christianity is a mixed up in this thing from being an enemy.
39:52 --> 39:54 [UNKNOWN]: Obviously, I hate a guy like that turner understood the Holy Spirit at all.
39:54 --> 39:56 [UNKNOWN]: I don't think the Holy Spirit would leave you just something like that.
39:56 --> 39:59 [UNKNOWN]: Yet at the same time, he thought that it was being spoken.
40:00 --> 40:01 [UNKNOWN]: Now put yourself in this in the shoes.
40:02 --> 40:02 [UNKNOWN]: It's not the only one.
40:03 --> 40:09 [UNKNOWN]: Another revolt happened in 1822 by Denmark Vesie, who attempted to revolt just a few years just a couple years before Nat Turner.
40:10 --> 40:14 [UNKNOWN]: And he believed that and he thought his plan was to save hundreds or thousands of black people
40:17 --> 40:20 [UNKNOWN]: and then they would all sneak on the boats and get to Haiti and be free.
40:20 --> 40:33 [UNKNOWN]: Haiti was at the time of just going through its own revolution, where they had overthown the white plantation owners of France, very brutal regime happened over in Haiti, and led to a bunch of deaths, it was now considered a safe place in these guys' life.
40:33 --> 40:36 [UNKNOWN]: We get on boats, we could sail to Haiti and be accepted over there.
40:36 --> 40:40 [UNKNOWN]: Well, one of the slaves decided to help people to plan and after that, it all fell apart.
40:41 --> 40:45 [UNKNOWN]: And you know who these slave owners once they captured these guys leaving this revolt,
40:47 --> 41:00 [UNKNOWN]: because a lot of these guys had gone to the same Methodist Church in the area of Charleston and they said, see, this is what happens when you give them a church and they have no oversight, these slaves plan revolts against us.
41:01 --> 41:07 [UNKNOWN]: And so they started to say, they literally said, is this horrible, but they literally said in the newspapers at the time, they said, see, this is why,
41:08 --> 41:17 [UNKNOWN]: you have to not, you can't teach them the gospel, you can't let them go to church, you let them learn to read and write, and they hear about what's happened in Haiti, and they want to join them.
41:17 --> 41:26 [UNKNOWN]: And they even said you were too gentle, we're too nice to our grandparents, and knew how to have a harsh hand with these slaves, and they never had to deal with revolts, or being nice to them, and look what happens.
41:28 --> 41:31 [UNKNOWN]: And it's horrible, thinking that they said that, but that's what it was like.
41:32 --> 41:37 [UNKNOWN]: This Southerner was told that they were dangerous, that these slaves hated them.
41:38 --> 41:41 [UNKNOWN]: Another revolution, a revolt attempt, was in the Revolutionary War in 1800.
41:41 --> 41:45 [UNKNOWN]: Involves 70 slaves in Friedman coming together for a revolt in Virginia.
41:46 --> 41:53 [UNKNOWN]: And what kept that revolt from happening was a really heavy rain stopped it and then word got to the police and the police were able to start arresting the people beforehand.
41:53 --> 41:55 [UNKNOWN]: When one of the leaders was asked, like, why don't you stand down?
41:55 --> 41:56 [UNKNOWN]: Why are you trying to fight us?
41:57 --> 42:02 [UNKNOWN]: He said, I'm going to give the same thing general George Washington had offered, which was my life for freedom.
42:03 --> 42:07 [UNKNOWN]: And remember, this is only, I mean, George Washington was president at the time or just ended his presidency.
42:07 --> 42:09 [UNKNOWN]: That's a pretty hard line to throw at you.
42:09 --> 42:17 [UNKNOWN]: And it's hard not to see these guys, it's kind of like founding father-type people, I mean, they're just kind of fighting for the same thing, if great, if America can fight great Britain for freedom, why can't these slaves?
42:17 --> 42:24 [UNKNOWN]: But on the other hand, if you're a southerner and these all these people are wanting to fight against you, you could say, well, why don't you just give them your freedom?
42:24 --> 42:28 [UNKNOWN]: Well, they were worried that if they did give them their freedom, that the South would become Haiti.
42:29 --> 42:32 [UNKNOWN]: And if you do not know the situation in Haiti, look, you could say, well, things were different in the South.
42:33 --> 42:34 [UNKNOWN]: Yeah, but explain that to people when they're afraid.
42:35 --> 42:39 [UNKNOWN]: Explain to people that your fears are unfounded.
42:39 --> 42:40 [UNKNOWN]: These people won't come and kill you.
42:40 --> 42:43 [UNKNOWN]: Yes, Nat Turner was trying to kill people when they're sleeping.
42:43 --> 42:46 [UNKNOWN]: Yes, Denmark, Vesios, and yes, this revolution over here wasn't yes.
42:46 --> 42:53 [UNKNOWN]: and Haiti, the slaves took over and killed everybody, but it'll be different, so you can see how a people might be irrational.
42:53 --> 43:00 [UNKNOWN]: In 1811, 200 to 500 slaves revolted in the largest revolt, not the most murderous, like Nat Turner's, but the largest revolt in Louisiana.
43:00 --> 43:02 [UNKNOWN]: Our in the history was in Louisiana.
43:02 --> 43:07 [UNKNOWN]: Only a few white people were actually killed, it was far away, but it was on the coast, but Nat Turner was close to home.
43:08 --> 43:15 [UNKNOWN]: And these other revolutions, other revolts are in the minds of everybody, as they deal with this question of what do we do with slavery?
43:18 --> 43:22 [UNKNOWN]: abolitionists said look here's your proof no matter what you do the slaves don't want to be slaves.
43:22 --> 43:25 [UNKNOWN]: Nat Turner is just proof that slavery needs to end.
43:25 --> 43:28 [UNKNOWN]: Two thousand Virginians came together and signed a petition.
43:28 --> 43:31 [UNKNOWN]: Let's end slavery because of look at Nat Turner's revolt.
43:31 --> 43:33 [UNKNOWN]: It's proof they hate slavery.
43:33 --> 43:34 [UNKNOWN]: We can't keep doing this to them.
43:34 --> 43:42 [UNKNOWN]: Abraham Lincoln even mentioned Nat Turner's revolt and his initial address against slavery basically saying something to the effect of like, hey, look at what happened.
43:42 --> 43:43 [UNKNOWN]: These people are miserable.
43:43 --> 43:52 [UNKNOWN]: This was 30 years later in his flash early in the, yet the culture war went all the way back to those early days when that Turner all started from him hearing the spirit.
43:52 --> 43:55 [UNKNOWN]: And yet remember what would you do today?
43:56 --> 43:58 [UNKNOWN]: You live 200 years from move from this.
43:59 --> 44:07 [UNKNOWN]: Let's say that these slaves that you own, that live in your community, that you see control, you know that some of them resent you, you know that some of them hate you.
44:08 --> 44:09 [UNKNOWN]: What would you do?
44:09 --> 44:09 [UNKNOWN]: Would you free them?
44:09 --> 44:13 [UNKNOWN]: What if there was a 15% chance that they would use that freedom to hurt you?
44:14 --> 44:16 [UNKNOWN]: Would you be willing to risk your children?
44:17 --> 44:23 [UNKNOWN]: For a 15% chance, you know in the past they had done it, you see what's happening in Haiti.
44:23 --> 44:38 [UNKNOWN]: People don't, people today try to paint Haiti as this great revolution and the proof of all these different things, but at the time, you didn't even if there were truth to those things, which I question greatly, the revisionist history on Haiti, but even if there was truth to that, the Southerners don't hear that story.
44:38 --> 44:44 [UNKNOWN]: They see a murderous place for all the Europeans were killed when the slaves took over, and they see revolts happening around them.
44:45 --> 44:51 [UNKNOWN]: And they say this is what will happen to us if we ever lose our grip on slavery, we're next in this thing.
44:52 --> 44:55 [UNKNOWN]: and before you attack them, what things are hard to say today?
44:56 --> 44:57 [UNKNOWN]: How many people live in fear of being cancelled?
44:58 --> 45:01 [UNKNOWN]: How few Christians have the courage to say what is true today?
45:01 --> 45:06 [UNKNOWN]: And how do you answer the problem of a large, uneducated, enslaved property class suddenly becoming free?
45:07 --> 45:10 [UNKNOWN]: How do you deal with reworking the culture of the South?
45:10 --> 45:12 [UNKNOWN]: The economy of the South is based on this.
45:12 --> 45:20 [UNKNOWN]: It's already poor, and the only thing keeping it alive is slavery, and you want to take away the only economic engine they have, and you think that will be something people want to vote for.
45:21 --> 45:23 [UNKNOWN]: You think that they're going to be okay with that?
45:23 --> 45:27 [UNKNOWN]: How many places currently around the world are built off of the world?
45:27 --> 45:46 [UNKNOWN]: bad things look at Las Vegas Las Vegas is built on casinos do you think the people of Vegas are just gonna quietly go and let you cancel all the casinos of gambling is a sin right we know that casinos are bad we know that they're built immorally but I don't see the people of Vegas giving up their casinos easily imagine then if it's not just one city
45:46 --> 45:51 [UNKNOWN]: but the entire economy of multiple states is based on one institution.
45:52 --> 45:58 [UNKNOWN]: Can you be, and I'm not saying they're right, but I'm saying can you be surprised if people didn't want to give that institution up easily?
45:59 --> 46:02 [UNKNOWN]: And can you be surprised that people were afraid of what would happen?
46:03 --> 46:11 [UNKNOWN]: There are diary entries from Haitian slave owners and they describe living in constant terror of their slaves.
46:11 --> 46:19 [UNKNOWN]: How they had to come up with things for slaves to do all day because they hated the way that they stared at them, the way that they just seized with hatred for French people,
46:20 --> 46:29 [UNKNOWN]: hated being sent to do their colonial time and hated he was one of the richest colonies in the world But they hated living there because you felt the hatred of your slaves on you.
46:29 --> 46:37 [UNKNOWN]: So you worked them hard You beat them so quickly literally the dire answers are like we have to keep them busy because if they're not busy They might attack us
46:37 --> 46:38 [UNKNOWN]: and we're so afraid of them.
46:39 --> 46:46 [UNKNOWN]: But of course, that just makes it worse than where you work them, the more that they hate you, the more they want to attack you, and it's a never-ending circle and cycle of pain.
46:47 --> 46:52 [UNKNOWN]: In frustration, I'm not saying, whoa is me, the poor slave owners, they're the ones who really had it hard.
46:53 --> 46:56 [UNKNOWN]: But I am saying, I can see how humans would be afraid.
46:57 --> 47:03 [UNKNOWN]: And I can see how fear being the motivating factor would keep them from wanting to change.
47:04 --> 47:08 [UNKNOWN]: How do you deal on what, what, what thing, where are places of violence today in America?
47:08 --> 47:13 [UNKNOWN]: There are major cities have major problems with violence, yet we don't fix those problems very easily.
47:13 --> 47:18 [UNKNOWN]: Do we, because it's a lot more difficult than we'd like to admit, we need to not.
47:18 --> 47:18 [UNKNOWN]: I'm not.
47:19 --> 47:21 [UNKNOWN]: I'm not saying there's anything that justifies slavery.
47:21 --> 47:31 [UNKNOWN]: I'm simply saying that life is a lot more complicated than we make it, and that the Southern slave-owning people were afraid among the many other reasons they kept slaves.
47:31 --> 47:32 [UNKNOWN]: So yeah, some of them hated black people.
47:32 --> 47:42 [UNKNOWN]: Some of them were so terrified of what would happen and things like that turner, being told by this spirit to leave the revolution, did not help, but made them even more afraid of what do you do.
47:43 --> 47:46 [UNKNOWN]: You can see a clear battle for me between Christians.
47:46 --> 47:48 [UNKNOWN]: The Northerners are looking at the South and going, what are you doing?
47:48 --> 47:49 [UNKNOWN]: Get rid of your slaves, clearly they hate it.
47:50 --> 47:53 [UNKNOWN]: And the Southerners are looking at their slaves and going, we gotta be tough for on you.
47:53 --> 47:54 [UNKNOWN]: You're gonna kill us if we don't.
47:56 --> 48:02 [UNKNOWN]: Back to the National Stage, Kansas and Nebraska have now the opportunity to become slave states if they vote for it.
48:03 --> 48:05 [UNKNOWN]: And that would be a lot more land and a lot more power to the South.
48:06 --> 48:25 [UNKNOWN]: The compromise could be broken so easily 1850s compromised barely lasted four years, which now meant Americans felt like if they can break once they can break again, we thought we had a plan to kind of sequester slavery into the South and slowly take it away, but the southerners have just kind of thrown that door open and said not anymore, slavery might become the way of the land for everybody.
48:25 --> 48:26 [UNKNOWN]: if we're not careful.
48:27 --> 48:28 [UNKNOWN]: But there's a way to stop it.
48:29 --> 48:33 [UNKNOWN]: You could have Kansas in the brask of vote against slavery.
48:33 --> 48:43 [UNKNOWN]: And if you could win that election, then you could ensure that Kansas in the brask up become free states and the power continues to move towards freedom for the country.
48:44 --> 48:48 [UNKNOWN]: When the elections in slavery before it spreads to the Midwest and then off to the west.
48:49 --> 48:52 [UNKNOWN]: But that meant you had to move and you had to move to Kansas.
48:54 --> 48:59 [UNKNOWN]: Companies and charities began to fool and request the North in New England paying to send him and help settle people in Kansas.
48:59 --> 49:01 [UNKNOWN]: This is about the future of America.
49:01 --> 49:02 [UNKNOWN]: What kind of nation would she be before God?
49:02 --> 49:09 [UNKNOWN]: This is about ending the injustice of slavery and stopping the scheme of these evil to Southern Democrats before they took over everything.
49:10 --> 49:12 [UNKNOWN]: The most famous is the New England immigrant aid company.
49:12 --> 49:14 [UNKNOWN]: They would help free the cost people want to move.
49:15 --> 49:18 [UNKNOWN]: They want to help, but it's expensive to move all the way across the country.
49:18 --> 49:20 [UNKNOWN]: You need to have a job or a plan to get one when you move.
49:20 --> 49:23 [UNKNOWN]: You have to have certain skills to survive on the land and the front tiers out there.
49:24 --> 49:27 [UNKNOWN]: it was not easy and it took a lot of work to do so.
49:27 --> 49:34 [UNKNOWN]: The means to get there, how are you going to get all your life, all your family, all your stuff and the wagons, and move halfway across the country without the money?
49:35 --> 49:43 [UNKNOWN]: Missionaries today can probably certainly understand this experience of how to get everything I own across the world and get to a place that oftentimes I can't resupply once I get there.
49:44 --> 49:55 [UNKNOWN]: Many, if you've ever met or know any missionaries, you know that they've had to deal with the situation of trying to figure out what can I bring and what am I going to have when I get there and you always forget something and it's always more expensive to get it there than you think it will be.
50:04 --> 50:06 [UNKNOWN]: I wonder why they called it Manhattan is it after me?
50:06 --> 50:09 [UNKNOWN]: Oh, yeah, probably because they all came from New England.
50:10 --> 50:11 [UNKNOWN]: Topeka, the capital today.
50:11 --> 50:13 [UNKNOWN]: Oz, water me, and Lawrence.
50:13 --> 50:22 [UNKNOWN]: Lawrence became the New England immigrant aid companies headquarters as part calls Lawrence Kansas and please keep that in mind because we're going to be talking about Lawrence Kansas a lot.
50:22 --> 50:31 [UNKNOWN]: I have visited Lawrence Kansas, by the way, if you're from Kansas City or live there at a time, you know that Lawrence Kansas today is famous for a very nice apple cider mill ironically.
50:31 --> 50:39 [UNKNOWN]: So the kind of apple cider you might want to have before you launch a revolt perhaps even that's a pretty good apple cider out there in Lawrence Kansas.
50:40 --> 50:44 [UNKNOWN]: And that's about all its famous for I don't remember if it's famous for anything else.
50:45 --> 50:48 [UNKNOWN]: Now, you suddenly have a surge of people moving to Kansas and Nebraska who have no idea how to live there.
50:48 --> 50:50 [UNKNOWN]: They don't know how to farm, they don't know how to do anything.
50:50 --> 50:59 [UNKNOWN]: Usually people living in these places settle slowly and their kids would kind of go up to the next group and then their kids would move on and eventually slowly over time you expanded across America.
51:00 --> 51:11 [UNKNOWN]: Kentucky, Kentucky was the frontier of America in 1800 and by the 1850s the new frontier is Nebraska in Kansas so you can see how they moved about 1 miles over the course of 40 to 50 years over the course of a generation.
51:12 --> 51:17 [UNKNOWN]: That's pretty good, and over the course of a couple more generations, you'd make it all the way to California and cross the entire thing.
51:18 --> 51:21 [UNKNOWN]: But here's the thing, those people who were moving knew what they were doing.
51:21 --> 51:26 [UNKNOWN]: Their children knew how to branch and farm, so as they moved further out, you were just expanding something you already knew how to do.
51:27 --> 51:35 [UNKNOWN]: But these people moving in from New England, they're northerners, many of them, or not farmers, many of them had no idea what to do with ranchers or anything like that.
51:35 --> 51:41 [UNKNOWN]: They just wanted to come and help support the cause, and suddenly they find themselves in the middle of a very different world.
51:41 --> 51:47 [UNKNOWN]: They gave it the forests of New England, the New England beaches, and the lobsters for buffalo, prairies, and tornadoes.
51:48 --> 51:52 [UNKNOWN]: One dramatic version of the story, which is true, happened in Connecticut.
51:52 --> 52:03 [UNKNOWN]: When some of the violence happened that will cover her soon, got word back to the north, one church in Connecticut came up with a bold plan, send basically an entire congregation or quote colony to Kansas to fight against the slavery.
52:03 --> 52:08 [UNKNOWN]: A cabinet maker heard about the things the abolitionists were going through in Kansas.
52:08 --> 52:13 [UNKNOWN]: And he saw the danger of being a free stator in Kansas inside you know what I am going to form my own colony.
52:13 --> 52:17 [UNKNOWN]: I'm going to take people with me and we're going to go over there and fight for God and Kansas.
52:17 --> 52:18 [UNKNOWN]: And imagine this today.
52:18 --> 52:20 [UNKNOWN]: I've tried to picture this like there's nothing like it.
52:21 --> 52:23 [UNKNOWN]: I've never heard in all my years overseas.
52:23 --> 52:23 [UNKNOWN]: I've never heard
52:24 --> 52:28 [UNKNOWN]: of a church sending an entire church's worth of people to a foreign feel far away.
52:28 --> 52:34 [UNKNOWN]: The only thing that compares, and that's actually comparable, is what I remember Boniface, when he went to be an missionary over in Germany.
52:34 --> 52:46 [UNKNOWN]: Yes, I'm going all the way back to the 600's and 700's, here at the 8th and 9th century, 7th and 8th century here, where he brought 40 people with him into that field to go over to Germany.
52:47 --> 52:51 [UNKNOWN]: That's the only comparable thing I can think of that I remember where somebody brought an entire army with them.
52:51 --> 52:53 [UNKNOWN]: Like this Connecticut colony is about to do.
52:54 --> 52:57 [UNKNOWN]: And as they were appealing for money, they were asking people, they were looking for help.
52:57 --> 53:06 [UNKNOWN]: They needed it and they said, quote, It is beyond all question true that the leading object was in legitimate and peaceful manner to aid in the permanent establishment of a government consecrated for freedom.
53:07 --> 53:11 [UNKNOWN]: And rear upon that virgin soil of Kansas, the institution of a pure Christianity.
53:12 --> 53:12 [UNKNOWN]: You see, for then,
53:13 --> 53:18 [UNKNOWN]: The question of whether or not Kansas could be free was a question of whether Christianity could thrive, or not.
53:19 --> 53:21 [UNKNOWN]: Now, I wasn't a balanced colony when they arrived.
53:21 --> 53:23 [UNKNOWN]: They have 57 men, four women, and two children.
53:23 --> 53:25 [UNKNOWN]: Eventually, their women and families will catch up with them.
53:26 --> 53:35 [UNKNOWN]: And the final media in this Connecticut group, before they left for Kansas, they received donations of Bibles, and what were called Sharps Rifles, which were the best guns considered.
53:35 --> 53:40 [UNKNOWN]: One guy said the CAK-47 other day, the best guns you could have to defend yourself against southerners.
53:41 --> 53:44 [UNKNOWN]: Henry Ward, Beecher, he's a famous pastor, a famous preacher.
53:45 --> 53:51 [UNKNOWN]: He's the brother of Harry, Harriet Beecher, Stowe, who would go on to write Uncle Tom's cabin.
53:51 --> 53:54 [UNKNOWN]: Decided to donate what we're called Beecher's Bibles.
53:55 --> 53:56 [UNKNOWN]: Beecher, I'll tell you what those are.
53:56 --> 53:58 [UNKNOWN]: I was like a Beecher set of the conflict in Kansas.
53:58 --> 53:59 [UNKNOWN]: A battle is going to be fought.
53:59 --> 54:01 [UNKNOWN]: If we are wise, it will be bloodless.
54:01 --> 54:07 [UNKNOWN]: If we listen to the councils of men who have never shown one throb of sympathy for liberty, we shall have blood in our hands.
54:08 --> 54:10 [UNKNOWN]: Basically, slave owners who hate freedom will cause blood.
54:10 --> 54:18 [UNKNOWN]: If we are firm and prompt and stand by our duty and stand by Kansas and give them the help they need, maybe the flame of war will be quench before it bursts.
54:18 --> 54:24 [UNKNOWN]: And both they in the West and the East will, through the, even though angry mutterings will happen, it will go down in peace.
54:24 --> 54:34 [UNKNOWN]: But if our ears are poisoned by the advice of men who never want to review violence on the side of power and never fail to stand up against those who are just defending themselves self-defense.
54:34 --> 54:38 [UNKNOWN]: and who are wronged of liberty, we will invite aggression and civil war to our land.
54:39 --> 54:43 [UNKNOWN]: And let us know assuredly that civil war will not burst forth only in Kansas without spreading.
54:44 --> 55:00 [UNKNOWN]: Now, if bold wisdom prevails, the conflict will be settled far away in Kansas, and without blows, and without blood, but timidity and indifference will bring down the blows there, which not only echo in our own homes, it will go on to be something that will be a foundation of an arm struggle between the entirety of the north and the south.
55:00 --> 55:03 [UNKNOWN]: Will we let the spark kindle or can we now quench it?
55:05 --> 55:06 [UNKNOWN]: how foreshadow him.
55:07 --> 55:18 [UNKNOWN]: Just five years before the Civil War here, this guy is saying, be sure to say, if we send them over and do Kansas correctly, we can stop the Civil War before it happens.
55:18 --> 55:20 [UNKNOWN]: Five years before it happens, he's already talking about it.
55:21 --> 55:27 [UNKNOWN]: But he says, if we fail to stand up to evil, it will continue until a war erupts at rocks the entire country.
55:28 --> 55:44 [UNKNOWN]: The day the colony got ready to leave for Kansas, the church was filled, flooring galleries with the most prominent citizens of New Haven, including a large number of clergymen, a various denominations, and a full corner of a professor's from Yale College, Henry Ward, Beecher, gave a huge speech, because many of these people going were old personal friends of his.
55:45 --> 55:52 [UNKNOWN]: He called for people who weren't going to give them money, support them, give them anything they need, just real missionaries, just like people going overseas that your church has maybe sent.
55:52 --> 55:55 [UNKNOWN]: That's what they're doing except instead of going overseas, they're going to Kansas.
55:56 --> 56:03 [UNKNOWN]: And then they sang, Kansas immigrant, a song that was written at the time, to the tune of all-lang sign.
56:03 --> 56:08 [UNKNOWN]: I'm not going to sing it to the tune of all-lang sign, you know, gosh, I'm blank, you know, how does sing this?
56:08 --> 56:10 [UNKNOWN]: I suppose I'm just saying to you, I don't want to embarrass myself here.
56:10 --> 56:14 [UNKNOWN]: But you know, the old-lang song, the song, very pretty song, it comes around every Christmas.
56:15 --> 56:20 [UNKNOWN]: Well, they had taken that song and they had put it to the words of the song, Kansas immigrant.
56:21 --> 56:22 [UNKNOWN]: and it went like this.
56:22 --> 56:24 [UNKNOWN]: We crossed the prairie as of old, the pilgrims crossed the sea.
56:25 --> 56:28 [UNKNOWN]: To make the west as the east, the homestead of the free.
56:28 --> 56:39 [UNKNOWN]: We go to rear a wall of men on freedom southern line, and plant beside the cotton tree, the rugged northern pine, we're flowing from our native hills as our free rivers flow, the blessing of our mother land is on us as we go.
56:39 --> 56:40 [UNKNOWN]: It's really nice.
56:40 --> 56:42 [UNKNOWN]: I'm sure to all things sign it sounded great.
56:43 --> 56:50 [UNKNOWN]: As they got ready to leave, one of the elders suddenly stood up and said, I will give 25 dollars for rifles to the Connecticut colony.
56:50 --> 56:53 [UNKNOWN]: And the head pastor heard the pledge and he said, you know what?
56:53 --> 56:58 [UNKNOWN]: One of the deacons is going to pledge a rifle so will we.
56:58 --> 57:02 [UNKNOWN]: In Henry Ward, Beatrice, all of them all start pledging rifles, and he said, you know what, I make a pledge to you.
57:03 --> 57:11 [UNKNOWN]: If you can raise 25 rifles yourself, my congregation back in Brooklyn, New York will match you, and we will send these guys with 50 rifles.
57:11 --> 57:14 [UNKNOWN]: While they raise 27 in Connecticut, and so they raise the same in New York.
57:15 --> 57:25 [UNKNOWN]: and these rifles got the name Beechers Bibles because when they gave them out, they gave them a rifle from Henry Ward Beecher and they gave them a Bible as they went.
57:25 --> 57:34 [UNKNOWN]: Such an extraordinary meeting had never been held in American churches before, and as proceeds were held at all over the land, producing from the pro-slavery press, a storm of unmitigated denunciation.
57:34 --> 57:36 [UNKNOWN]: Of course, the Southerners were going, oh my gosh, look at them.
57:36 --> 57:42 [UNKNOWN]: There are many in an entire army of people coming here with rifles to make sure Kansas stays free.
57:43 --> 57:44 [UNKNOWN]: And yeah, here we are.
57:44 --> 57:51 [UNKNOWN]: Henry Ward Beatrice said, I make a pledge to furnish the men on my native state Connecticut with the means to defend themselves when they are too poor to get it themselves.
57:51 --> 57:54 [UNKNOWN]: And if you're willing to aid the great work, I should be glad to have your help.
57:54 --> 58:02 [UNKNOWN]: We wish to give each and every one of them a Bible and every one of them defensive arms and put on the covers of the Bible that say, be you steadfast and unmovable.
58:02 --> 58:07 [UNKNOWN]: The letter that accompanies the check in the Bible is widely reprinted in newspapers across the country.
58:07 --> 58:11 [UNKNOWN]: And the headline, Bibles and Rifles for Kansas and Bibles and Rifles for Kansas
58:13 --> 58:21 [UNKNOWN]: It was from these events that the company began to be referred to as Beecher Bible and the Rifle Colony and the Sharfs Rifle took on the name Beecher's Bibles.
58:21 --> 58:22 [UNKNOWN]: Can you imagine it?
58:22 --> 58:24 [UNKNOWN]: Can you imagine a church today?
58:24 --> 58:33 [UNKNOWN]: Sending not only an entire congregation of like 50-100 people to start a church somewhere, but as they leave handing them all guns as they go.
58:33 --> 58:38 [UNKNOWN]: And the thing is, you may think were they being dramatic with the guns, not at all.
58:38 --> 58:41 [UNKNOWN]: You will see in the story that those guns were absolutely necessary.
58:42 --> 58:45 [UNKNOWN]: When these guys got there, they were mostly well-educated, nice type people.
58:45 --> 58:47 [UNKNOWN]: They were good people, but they didn't know how to run a village.
58:47 --> 58:51 [UNKNOWN]: They formed a village quickly of tents, but it was difficult going.
58:51 --> 58:55 [UNKNOWN]: One of the great great granddaughters of these guys was recently interviewed.
58:55 --> 59:00 [UNKNOWN]: And she said, quote, it's surprised they survived a year in a recent news article.
59:01 --> 59:05 [UNKNOWN]: It wasn't easy and even their own family today is kind of questioning how did they make it at all.
59:05 --> 59:09 [UNKNOWN]: They had to form a militia pretty much as soon as they arrived and it was a good thing they did.
59:09 --> 59:12 [UNKNOWN]: When one of the colonists left on a trip, he didn't come back.
59:12 --> 59:14 [UNKNOWN]: So a few of this militia went looking for him.
59:14 --> 59:15 [UNKNOWN]: They found him in a nearby city.
59:15 --> 59:19 [UNKNOWN]: He just had gotten caught up in some things in the town, hadn't come back as quickly.
59:19 --> 59:25 [UNKNOWN]: And when these guys came back to the town, they were captured by southern militia themselves and they were kept in prison.
59:26 --> 59:27 [UNKNOWN]: Nobody knew what happened.
59:27 --> 59:29 [UNKNOWN]: Everyone knew that the southerners had grabbed these guys.
59:30 --> 59:33 [UNKNOWN]: and their deaths were reported in newspapers across Connecticut and New York.
59:33 --> 59:35 [UNKNOWN]: They were premature, and they were still alive.
59:35 --> 59:42 [UNKNOWN]: But everyone was like, see, you can't, it is Connecticut colonists are getting attacked just from wanting to see Kansas free.
59:43 --> 59:44 [UNKNOWN]: No wonder they needed those rifles.
59:45 --> 59:49 [UNKNOWN]: The Connecticut colony would take about six to eight weeks, fighting the Missourians when they first moved there.
59:49 --> 59:57 [UNKNOWN]: They would kind of get harassed by different groups of people, quote, and late April, 1856, I have to a month after arriving, Wah Bansy, which is the name of their city.
59:58 --> 59:59 [UNKNOWN]: Suddenly became a busy tent city.
59:59 --> 01:00:02 [UNKNOWN]: Streets were laid out, city lots and tracks, apparently, and were defided the men of the colony.
01:00:03 --> 01:00:07 [UNKNOWN]: The settlers delayed on the scene, welcome the new Englanders, and we're very happy.
01:00:07 --> 01:00:14 [UNKNOWN]: where the settlers already on the scene welcomed the New Englanders and some of them joined them for worship services that were held in some days, first intense, then cabins and dugouts.
01:00:14 --> 01:00:16 [UNKNOWN]: The New settlers found high in their life very hard.
01:00:16 --> 01:00:19 [UNKNOWN]: Some became ill, some became discouraged, some even returned home.
01:00:19 --> 01:00:28 [UNKNOWN]: They were then called up to defend Lawrence later on, and we will describe what happened there, but basically in that siege of Lawrence, the Connecticut men were given credit.
01:00:28 --> 01:00:36 [UNKNOWN]: It was the one guy said, it was the Waban Sea Boys, and they alone that stopped the army that was coming to destroy Lawrence and sent them back.
01:00:36 --> 01:00:45 [UNKNOWN]: So you can see these guys had a huge effect because they had rifles because they were armed and because this Connecticut colony decided to go fight off in Kansas against the southerners.
01:00:46 --> 01:00:48 [UNKNOWN]: When their wives and children came in and settled, they were quite happy.
01:00:49 --> 01:00:54 [UNKNOWN]: They originally wanted their town to be quote the new haven of Kansas and never was to be.
01:00:55 --> 01:01:07 [UNKNOWN]: When a way after all of this is over, the Union Railroad put their lines by and it did not put it anywhere near Obanzi, Obanzi kind of even came cut off and it just stayed a little bit of town in the middle of nowhere.
01:01:07 --> 01:01:16 [UNKNOWN]: But their rifles and their guns were as quintessential to saving Lawrence and saving Lawrence helped perhaps change the fate of the Civil War.
01:01:16 --> 01:01:16 [UNKNOWN]: All!
01:01:17 --> 01:01:25 [UNKNOWN]: because one cabinet maker heard some abolitionists and felt inspired all because one pastor decided to go out and send these people in love.
01:01:25 --> 01:01:31 [UNKNOWN]: One elders stood up and said, I wish to give them rivals and another elder said, my church will match.
01:01:31 --> 01:01:32 [UNKNOWN]: How different would history have been?
01:01:32 --> 01:01:37 [UNKNOWN]: If those boys had never been there, if they had burnt down Lawrence, if everything they were doing hadn't worked out.
01:01:37 --> 01:01:41 [UNKNOWN]: We'll look at that more in a minute, but it's just, that's the story we're looking at.
01:01:41 --> 01:01:43 [UNKNOWN]: These quote things and yet and yet,
01:01:44 --> 01:01:46 [UNKNOWN]: I've read her to a lot of missionary stories.
01:01:46 --> 01:01:47 [UNKNOWN]: My wife, my mother, was a missionary.
01:01:47 --> 01:01:50 [UNKNOWN]: We know a lot about missionaries, and I've never heard a story like that.
01:01:51 --> 01:01:53 [UNKNOWN]: In fact, there might be some of you going, is that even missionary work?
01:01:53 --> 01:01:55 [UNKNOWN]: Like, would you call that missionary work?
01:01:55 --> 01:02:03 [UNKNOWN]: Well, the American missionary association did, at the time, they considered what these guys were doing was missionary work, but boy, nobody today would consider fighting with rifles missionary work.
01:02:03 --> 01:02:10 [UNKNOWN]: What they, if I told you I was doing that, people told you they were overseas, and they had a bunch of rifles, I think people would go, one on earth is happening there.
01:02:11 --> 01:02:19 [UNKNOWN]: A monument in front of the local church that says today in the memory of the Beecher Bible and Rifle colony, which settled this area in 1856, and helped make Kansas a free state.
01:02:19 --> 01:02:21 [UNKNOWN]: May future generations forever, pay them tribute.
01:02:22 --> 01:02:30 [UNKNOWN]: Now back to the national stage, one of the leading forces that both tried to stop the 1854 compromise act from passing, but then switch gears in the fighting for Kansas and the Brasca Freedom.
01:02:30 --> 01:02:32 [UNKNOWN]: was the American Missionaries Association.
01:02:32 --> 01:02:34 [UNKNOWN]: Before the bill had passed, did everything they could to stop?
01:02:35 --> 01:02:38 [UNKNOWN]: Hey, don't let Kansas in the brask of vote stick to the compromise.
01:02:38 --> 01:02:46 [UNKNOWN]: Once that failed, they turned all their guns and saying, let's get as many Christians to move to Kansas and the brask had to stop them from becoming a pro-Southern pro-Slaser State.
01:02:47 --> 01:02:52 [UNKNOWN]: Now, most of the attention is being focused on Kansas because Nebraska didn't really seem like it was going to become a slave state.
01:02:52 --> 01:02:54 [UNKNOWN]: It was not going to happen.
01:02:54 --> 01:03:02 [UNKNOWN]: It wouldn't happen before if Kansas went slave state, maybe Nebraska could, but if you can stop no Kansas from going slave state, Nebraska is not going to go that way either.
01:03:03 --> 01:03:07 [UNKNOWN]: They would send all kinds of information, one article in November advised the following pastors to do this.
01:03:08 --> 01:03:18 [UNKNOWN]: Each minister of the gospel preaches sermon to his people on the subject of Christian immigration moving to Kansas as a means of conversion to the world that it may be made prominent on the upcoming Thanksgiving moment.
01:03:18 --> 01:03:19 [UNKNOWN]: Thanksgiving is coming around the corner.
01:03:20 --> 01:03:23 [UNKNOWN]: Let's say Thanksgiving without mentioning the abolitionist movement moving to Kansas, right?
01:03:24 --> 01:03:36 [UNKNOWN]: Another one, age-counting Christians should correspond with each other, meet to organize and try to send at least one church or one pastor as a colony to Kansas to be aided in part if necessary by the missionary association and support of that ministry.
01:03:37 --> 01:03:46 [UNKNOWN]: That's your another point that churches should take up the matter of Christian immigration to discuss it as their duty to it, their referencing the need to give aid and help the missionaries who are going to Kansas.
01:03:46 --> 01:03:47 [UNKNOWN]: And to me, I'm just fascinated by this.
01:03:48 --> 01:03:53 [UNKNOWN]: Fascinated by the idea that moving to Kansas is an act of missionary work and is a moral good.
01:03:53 --> 01:03:56 [UNKNOWN]: By moving to Kansas, you're doing something great in Christian.
01:03:56 --> 01:03:58 [UNKNOWN]: Just by moving there and voting, you are changing history.
01:03:59 --> 01:04:00 [UNKNOWN]: And the thing was, they were.
01:04:01 --> 01:04:03 [UNKNOWN]: But I can't imagine, it put in today's shoes, right?
01:04:04 --> 01:04:07 [UNKNOWN]: Would anybody say that voting is a moral good?
01:04:08 --> 01:04:14 [UNKNOWN]: And that is the equivalent of moving somewhere to vote in an election is the equivalent of missionary work.
01:04:14 --> 01:04:16 [UNKNOWN]: And if you said, hey, I'm moving to this state.
01:04:16 --> 01:04:18 [UNKNOWN]: We're going to try and vote there and change the state from the inside out.
01:04:18 --> 01:04:20 [UNKNOWN]: We're doing missionary work that way.
01:04:20 --> 01:04:22 [UNKNOWN]: Can you imagine the church getting together and going,
01:04:23 --> 01:04:30 [UNKNOWN]: Like right, it's so not in our world view, it's only 180 years ago, like these people are removed from us, but they're not that removed from us.
01:04:32 --> 01:04:33 [UNKNOWN]: could you agree to this today?
01:04:33 --> 01:04:36 [UNKNOWN]: If you heard about something like this, put yourself in American shoes.
01:04:37 --> 01:04:41 [UNKNOWN]: You heard about some state that was doing some great evil as to use abortion, there's abortion happening.
01:04:41 --> 01:04:44 [UNKNOWN]: We can go and vote together and overturn abortion in that state.
01:04:45 --> 01:04:52 [UNKNOWN]: Please pay for my family to move to this state and maybe not the rifle is saying, but would people Christians be willing to do that?
01:04:52 --> 01:04:56 [UNKNOWN]: And would anybody call that mission work, but ultimately would be saving lives?
01:04:57 --> 01:05:02 [UNKNOWN]: Can we imagine an missionary organization kidding, this deeply embedded in politics today?
01:05:03 --> 01:05:11 [UNKNOWN]: People often say, wow, we're so politically at each other's throats, but colleges aren't being emptied out over political questions overnight, like they are today.
01:05:11 --> 01:05:12 [UNKNOWN]: We're not seeing
01:05:13 --> 01:05:32 [UNKNOWN]: you know missionary organizations possibly going under because they might have accepted plantation owner money to spread the gospel far and wide right we're not this kind of stuff in many ways we're in some ways more peaceful than back i'm not saying politics can't be contentious but i say in some ways we this is so foreign to us and that the idea that missionaries would be at the forefront of these kind of battles
01:05:34 --> 01:05:36 [UNKNOWN]: I can't missionaries today, do not talk about politics.
01:05:36 --> 01:05:39 [UNKNOWN]: They keep their mouth shut on everything, so it's not to offend.
01:05:39 --> 01:05:47 [UNKNOWN]: So nobody will take away their sources of revenue so that they can continue to share the gospel far and why, and many people consider that the good thing, don't.
01:05:47 --> 01:05:52 [UNKNOWN]: Don't do unnecessary things that can cause the gospel to be hampered because you couldn't keep your mouth shut on politics.
01:05:52 --> 01:05:55 [UNKNOWN]: When the most important thing is to spread Jesus, right?
01:05:55 --> 01:05:56 [UNKNOWN]: That's a very typical line.
01:05:56 --> 01:05:57 [UNKNOWN]: If you don't know,
01:05:57 --> 01:06:06 [UNKNOWN]: many missionaries are told this all the time and they almost always have people from different political spectrum supporting them and so they're nervous to say anything that might rock the boat.
01:06:06 --> 01:06:11 [UNKNOWN]: Yeah here we're being told the exact opposite missionaries go vote in this direction and save the country.
01:06:12 --> 01:06:15 [UNKNOWN]: What we even call the missionaries when their goal seemed to be abolitionism.
01:06:16 --> 01:06:18 [UNKNOWN]: Could any slavery be seen as a missionary cause?
01:06:19 --> 01:06:23 [UNKNOWN]: Many of you would say I don't even know how this could even be considered missionary work, preaching the gospel's missionary work.
01:06:23 --> 01:06:24 [UNKNOWN]: What is this?
01:06:25 --> 01:06:31 [UNKNOWN]: Within about two years, AMA had sent seven different missionaries into Kansas, and it was far more focused again on Kansas than Nebraska.
01:06:31 --> 01:06:35 [UNKNOWN]: One missionary, a man named Adair, was on his way to Kansas when he got sick and had staying in Kansas City for three months.
01:06:36 --> 01:06:42 [UNKNOWN]: And when he arrived in Osilawani, only 50 miles south of Kansas City, he had a log cabin that he had to get going, and he was struggling to get supplies.
01:06:42 --> 01:06:50 [UNKNOWN]: There was no official church out there, it was so remote, so he was having Bible study at services directly around him and having people come to his houses and visit him in that kind of thing.
01:06:50 --> 01:06:56 [UNKNOWN]: And he would preach to gospel, but he would also preach about the importance of ending slavery as well.
01:06:57 --> 01:06:59 [UNKNOWN]: And this was the closest to a church service this little area had.
01:07:00 --> 01:07:02 [UNKNOWN]: However, that wasn't enough.
01:07:02 --> 01:07:10 [UNKNOWN]: Soon, the issue of slavery started getting brought up, and soon, how's this weren't bringing him back in, because, oh, he's not a, he doesn't care about Jesus.
01:07:10 --> 01:07:11 [UNKNOWN]: He's an abolitioner.
01:07:12 --> 01:07:12 [UNKNOWN]: That's what they call him.
01:07:13 --> 01:07:22 [UNKNOWN]: One angry listener told him, after hearing him preach and pray, said to them at the end of it, I'd never heard an abolitioner preach before, and I had to say to you, I'd never hope I hear another one like that, if that's what they sound like.
01:07:23 --> 01:07:33 [UNKNOWN]: So not very encouraging there, so not only did you move to the literal middle of nowhere and you had to have all these issues building a log cabin, but you were going to get hated for it and the people are not always receptive to you.
01:07:33 --> 01:07:44 [UNKNOWN]: Another mission, a bird traveled through Kansas to Leavenworth where a whole 1000 people lived and on the way there he met a very vocal, pro-slavery guy and he wrote the following exchange and a letter to someone.
01:07:45 --> 01:07:50 [UNKNOWN]: He came at me with great wrath and swore he would beat my jaw and if I denied his statements and the truth of goodness of slavery.
01:07:51 --> 01:07:54 [UNKNOWN]: I repeated for him to demand, give me some proof that slavery is good or in the Bible.
01:07:55 --> 01:07:57 [UNKNOWN]: He continued to swear and then rose to strike me.
01:07:57 --> 01:08:00 [UNKNOWN]: I stood directly with him, I fixed on him not reacting at all.
01:08:01 --> 01:08:05 [UNKNOWN]: I suppose if I had shown even the least of emotion of fear, I know he would have struck me.
01:08:05 --> 01:08:10 [UNKNOWN]: As it was though, I felt he had already tried to beat me.
01:08:11 --> 01:08:13 [UNKNOWN]: He was in this poor bird guy was given the nickname.
01:08:13 --> 01:08:16 [UNKNOWN]: I mean, poor in the terms of, you know, it's not a nice name.
01:08:17 --> 01:08:18 [UNKNOWN]: Um, it is a word.
01:08:18 --> 01:08:22 [UNKNOWN]: One cannot use a starts with an N. We'll put it that way, preacher.
01:08:22 --> 01:08:26 [UNKNOWN]: So he's called that kind of preacher because he preached against slavery.
01:08:26 --> 01:08:28 [UNKNOWN]: And the pro-slavery preacher gave him that nickname.
01:08:28 --> 01:08:32 [UNKNOWN]: No matter how often he said he was harassed, so he remains steadfast against slavery.
01:08:33 --> 01:08:38 [UNKNOWN]: Another missionaries sent by the AMA, Norton, and almost all of these four missionaries that we will look at.
01:08:38 --> 01:08:40 [UNKNOWN]: They also come from Oberlin College.
01:08:40 --> 01:08:43 [UNKNOWN]: There was a big crossover between Oberlin College and the AMA at that time.
01:08:45 --> 01:08:49 [UNKNOWN]: He was able to move and sit successfully set up a church ahead about 30 to 50 congregants usually.
01:08:49 --> 01:08:54 [UNKNOWN]: But sometimes as many as 100, but arriving safely there had not been easy for him.
01:08:54 --> 01:09:02 [UNKNOWN]: Quote, while on board a steamboat crossed in the Missouri River, Northern was threatened by pro-slavery Reffians, and only by the grace of God, he managed to escape them all on the boat.
01:09:03 --> 01:09:07 [UNKNOWN]: As these were missionary types, many of them move there with no pioneer experience and very little money.
01:09:08 --> 01:09:14 [UNKNOWN]: One of another missionary, Finch, one of them described his life there, quote, When we arrived at this place, there was no house that we could go to.
01:09:14 --> 01:09:15 [UNKNOWN]: Nothing but a large tent for us.
01:09:15 --> 01:09:16 [UNKNOWN]: That's in to Prairie Hay.
01:09:17 --> 01:09:20 [UNKNOWN]: That was very uncomfortable, especially during the very cold nights and days.
01:09:20 --> 01:09:23 [UNKNOWN]: Also, we had to sleep on the ground with just Prairie Hay underneath us.
01:09:24 --> 01:09:26 [UNKNOWN]: And often we didn't have enough wood for a fire.
01:09:26 --> 01:09:30 [UNKNOWN]: And I would have to go 50 miles back to the Missouri River just to pick up a stove.
01:09:31 --> 01:09:32 [UNKNOWN]: So we could warm our tent with.
01:09:33 --> 01:09:41 [UNKNOWN]: Temperatures at that time and Kansas at that time, it's still true today, could be as low as negative 10 degrees Fahrenheit, which is negative 23 degrees Celsius, my foreign listeners.
01:09:41 --> 01:09:45 [UNKNOWN]: They often lack supplies or money to buy supplies because it had all been shipped across the river.
01:09:46 --> 01:09:53 [UNKNOWN]: But when the rivers froze during winter, it was just too difficult to get supplies to them, and you could get stuck with whatever you had for the entirety of the winter.
01:09:54 --> 01:09:57 [UNKNOWN]: And I will say, if somebody's lived in Kansas City, I can be very cold.
01:09:58 --> 01:10:00 [UNKNOWN]: It's very windy, very cold.
01:10:00 --> 01:10:01 [UNKNOWN]: I can see how that would be miserable.
01:10:02 --> 01:10:06 [UNKNOWN]: One of the families described going four months without vegetables because of winter.
01:10:07 --> 01:10:09 [UNKNOWN]: And that's scurvy endangerment territory.
01:10:09 --> 01:10:09 [UNKNOWN]: I looked it up.
01:10:10 --> 01:10:12 [UNKNOWN]: Actually, Pioneers in the West did get scurvy.
01:10:12 --> 01:10:15 [UNKNOWN]: It was called land scurvy, in fact.
01:10:15 --> 01:10:21 [UNKNOWN]: And they would just get this horrible disease because there were no fresh fruits and no fresh vegetables coming to them.
01:10:22 --> 01:10:32 [UNKNOWN]: Scurvy, this thing that usually we imagine affecting pirates because they're not eating enough fresh fruits and vegetables, was affecting these Pioneers going over across into the West because winters were so very harsh.
01:10:33 --> 01:10:37 [UNKNOWN]: That's what you were signing up for when you decided to move for Kansas and try to help in slavery there.
01:10:38 --> 01:10:47 [UNKNOWN]: Not to mention, leaving your family, leaving everything you do, leaving the nice schools, leaving all those things that you gave all that up to live in Kansas and be harassed by people constantly.
01:10:47 --> 01:10:48 [UNKNOWN]: And these are the early struggles.
01:10:49 --> 01:10:52 [UNKNOWN]: We haven't even gotten to the part where things truly start to get violent.
01:10:52 --> 01:10:54 [UNKNOWN]: The bleeding part of Kansas.
01:10:56 --> 01:10:57 [UNKNOWN]: American missionaries reported in 1718...
01:11:01 --> 01:11:07 [UNKNOWN]: Unarmed men, for no cause, whatever, say that we were free statement, are stopped in the road, we were questioned and beaten.
01:11:08 --> 01:11:12 [UNKNOWN]: Another missionary road after the long cold winter had ended, the Missouri River is now open and boats are running.
01:11:12 --> 01:11:16 [UNKNOWN]: A few more northern immigrants have arrived to us, and we are told many more are coming.
01:11:16 --> 01:11:20 [UNKNOWN]: May they come by the thousands, the grand struggle of all human appearance is rapidly approaching.
01:11:21 --> 01:11:25 [UNKNOWN]: All in all, the next three years would see between 56 to 200 murderers across the state.
01:11:26 --> 01:11:32 [UNKNOWN]: Now that's not a lot in comparison to the millions you would hear about over in the typing rebellion happening at the exact same time as this.
01:11:33 --> 01:11:35 [UNKNOWN]: If you're in it for the numbers, this story doesn't have the numbers.
01:11:36 --> 01:11:39 [UNKNOWN]: But in 1855, the census only showed 800 people living there.
01:11:39 --> 01:11:42 [UNKNOWN]: That means 2.3% of the population is murdered.
01:11:43 --> 01:11:49 [UNKNOWN]: You know, go to a store, count out a hundred people, and two or three of them are gone by the end of the next couple years.
01:11:49 --> 01:11:52 [UNKNOWN]: and they're not dying peacefully, and they're sleep, they're murdered.
01:11:53 --> 01:12:01 [UNKNOWN]: At the same time though, is that a lot of people, they say if only 1% of people die around you, that you actually wouldn't probably even notice that's such a large one.
01:12:01 --> 01:12:03 [UNKNOWN]: They specifically such a small group of people.
01:12:04 --> 01:12:08 [UNKNOWN]: Yet, 2.3% being murdered is how many people die.
01:12:08 --> 01:12:13 [UNKNOWN]: That's not including how many people get attacked, how many people get harassed, how many people get threatened.
01:12:14 --> 01:12:17 [UNKNOWN]: Once you add all those numbers up, it starts to become a much, much bigger story.
01:12:18 --> 01:12:21 [UNKNOWN]: of people being attacked and you see this is a much more dangerous situation.
01:12:21 --> 01:12:24 [UNKNOWN]: Again, murder is not the only thing somebody can do to you.
01:12:24 --> 01:12:25 [UNKNOWN]: They can also beat you.
01:12:25 --> 01:12:25 [UNKNOWN]: They can threaten you.
01:12:25 --> 01:12:26 [UNKNOWN]: They can attack you.
01:12:26 --> 01:12:27 [UNKNOWN]: They can harass you.
01:12:27 --> 01:12:28 [UNKNOWN]: They can silence you.
01:12:29 --> 01:12:29 [UNKNOWN]: What about those people?
01:12:30 --> 01:12:35 [UNKNOWN]: How many of them didn't get their stories written down but they were being experienced and felt across Kansas steering that time?
01:12:36 --> 01:12:42 [UNKNOWN]: However, there's something else happening because we said there are 8 people living in men living in 1855.
01:12:42 --> 01:12:46 [UNKNOWN]: But in five years time, in 1860, the population of Kansas is 107 people.
01:12:46 --> 01:12:47 [UNKNOWN]: Almost 100 people.
01:12:47 --> 01:12:50 [UNKNOWN]: The population explodes in those five years.
01:12:55 --> 01:13:02 [UNKNOWN]: Now, there are any 500, sorry, I said, but any 500 people living in 1855 in Kansas, 2 of them were white males.
01:13:03 --> 01:13:04 [UNKNOWN]: Why does that matter?
01:13:04 --> 01:13:11 [UNKNOWN]: Well, in 1855, they elected their first legislature in Kansas, and you were only allowed to vote if you were a white male.
01:13:11 --> 01:13:15 [UNKNOWN]: And it's not that, by the way, there's this long story women couldn't vote in America's history.
01:13:15 --> 01:13:15 [UNKNOWN]: It's not necessarily true.
01:13:16 --> 01:13:23 [UNKNOWN]: Women often did vote when they were a widow, or when they were, there were some extraordinary circumstances where the man could not vote.
01:13:23 --> 01:13:37 [UNKNOWN]: They would vote because it was kind of cast by households, usually the man, the father voted for the household, but there were circumstances where the father did not, could not vote, get past away whatever, and so then the widow, the mother, the wife, would vote in those circumstances.
01:13:41 --> 01:13:45 [UNKNOWN]: The reason is this matters is because only 2 of them should have been able to cast a vote.
01:13:46 --> 01:13:52 [UNKNOWN]: Yet in the 1855 election when they voted their legislature in 6 votes were cast.
01:13:52 --> 01:13:58 [UNKNOWN]: Not a math teacher, but one twice as many people who actually lived their vote something happened.
01:13:58 --> 01:14:01 [UNKNOWN]: What happened to cause such a funky election?
01:14:02 --> 01:14:09 [UNKNOWN]: Well, many pro-slavery people in Missouri had decided they wanted to help elect a legislator that would be, make Kansas a pro-slavery state after all.
01:14:10 --> 01:14:14 [UNKNOWN]: If Kansas is safe, maybe you can get Nebraska's slave, maybe you can start to win back the country for slavery.
01:14:15 --> 01:14:20 [UNKNOWN]: These Missourians went into Kansas, not secretly, not wearing, you know, cartoonish moustaches and glasses.
01:14:21 --> 01:14:23 [UNKNOWN]: They came over as large armed groups.
01:14:23 --> 01:14:28 [UNKNOWN]: They held guns at the voting booth, and if they thought you were a native canzon, they told you to get out of there while they cast their votes.
01:14:29 --> 01:14:37 [UNKNOWN]: Congressional Investigation later found that other 6 votes cast over 5 of them were illegal Missouri and cast votes.
01:14:37 --> 01:14:40 [UNKNOWN]: Which means this was a completely fraud election.
01:14:40 --> 01:14:50 [UNKNOWN]: And the new legislature immediately passed by these Missourians to make sure that the South won and was in control of the country, they began to pass new rules, a death penalty for helping and escaped slave.
01:14:51 --> 01:14:58 [UNKNOWN]: Slaves have been escaping to Kansas and Iowa to live freely within the part of the Underground Railroad, no longer if you help one of them you are killed.
01:14:58 --> 01:15:04 [UNKNOWN]: They also passed a law two years of jail time if you pass out books or pamphlets that are abolitionist.
01:15:04 --> 01:15:10 [UNKNOWN]: So if you even hand a piece of paper to someone that says hey, slavery should end and here's why two years of jail.
01:15:11 --> 01:15:15 [UNKNOWN]: Well, the people of Kansas that were pro-free state absolutely rejected this.
01:15:15 --> 01:15:17 [UNKNOWN]: They said, no way, you cheated the election.
01:15:18 --> 01:15:19 [UNKNOWN]: You stole the election from us.
01:15:19 --> 01:15:23 [UNKNOWN]: We did not acknowledge your government that you were putting, we're gonna start our own government.
01:15:23 --> 01:15:26 [UNKNOWN]: So they went to Topeka and said, this is the new capital of Kansas.
01:15:26 --> 01:15:27 [UNKNOWN]: We're writing our own constitution.
01:15:28 --> 01:15:31 [UNKNOWN]: We reject the one that was elected in 1855 because it was fraudulent.
01:15:32 --> 01:15:39 [UNKNOWN]: They saw themselves as outnumbering the slavery movement and they did not accept the illegitimate slavery congress.
01:15:39 --> 01:15:46 [UNKNOWN]: Well, the Missourians that attacked in the Kansas to intimidate them, they got a nickname, the Ruffians, or called the Ruffian writers.
01:15:46 --> 01:15:50 [UNKNOWN]: If you've ever heard like an old movie, they say you Ruffians, well, it's based off these guys.
01:15:51 --> 01:15:53 [UNKNOWN]: If you live near the border, you were never completely safe for them.
01:15:53 --> 01:15:57 [UNKNOWN]: Where Kansas and Missouri met, they were constantly riding up into your farm.
01:15:57 --> 01:15:58 [UNKNOWN]: They would constantly come to your town.
01:15:58 --> 01:16:00 [UNKNOWN]: They would travel deep into the state of Kansas to harass.
01:16:01 --> 01:16:02 [UNKNOWN]: kidnapped and set things on fire.
01:16:03 --> 01:16:10 [UNKNOWN]: And there were sometimes thousands of them that would come over all at once, like an army invading into sleepy little cans and attacking them in all directions.
01:16:11 --> 01:16:14 [UNKNOWN]: So, guys, they would also send small groups quickly, quietly moving through the countryside.
01:16:14 --> 01:16:15 [UNKNOWN]: You never knew if you
01:16:16 --> 01:16:17 [UNKNOWN]: You were safe for them or not those years.
01:16:18 --> 01:16:23 [UNKNOWN]: One missionary, Adair, at 1856, was told he had been put on a hanging list by the Rafian writers and they were looking for him.
01:16:24 --> 01:16:29 [UNKNOWN]: A few days later, he, a nephew and a cousin were walking home when they were attacked by a small group of Rafian writers.
01:16:30 --> 01:16:35 [UNKNOWN]: His nephew was injured and his cousin was murdered and Adair had to run away and barely got away with that injury.
01:16:36 --> 01:16:41 [UNKNOWN]: A dare went into hiding, but he wrote to his wife, I shun on attempt to describe my feelings while I'm laying here concealed.
01:16:41 --> 01:16:43 [UNKNOWN]: May God have mercy on those murderers.
01:16:43 --> 01:16:44 [UNKNOWN]: They know what they did.
01:16:44 --> 01:16:46 [UNKNOWN]: God only knows when this will all end.
01:16:47 --> 01:16:48 [UNKNOWN]: Our children are in constant fear.
01:16:48 --> 01:16:51 [UNKNOWN]: We will look up, but put our trust in God.
01:16:52 --> 01:16:53 [UNKNOWN]: Now you see why they went with guns.
01:16:54 --> 01:16:56 [UNKNOWN]: Now you see the danger of these guys were in.
01:16:56 --> 01:16:59 [UNKNOWN]: They were risking their life to live in Kansas.
01:17:01 --> 01:17:14 [UNKNOWN]: Another missionary, Horatio Norton, who mentioned him earlier, described closely, resources attacking his congregation, while they were at church, and they required them to bring their guns to church, so they could fight them off on a regular basis, regularly during church services.
01:17:14 --> 01:17:17 [UNKNOWN]: These guys would show up, and you'd have to fire rifles to scare them off.
01:17:18 --> 01:17:19 [UNKNOWN]: Can you imagine that?
01:17:19 --> 01:17:25 [UNKNOWN]: Can you even think of a situation today, where people have to go to church with their guns, because a group of other people might run and attack them?
01:17:25 --> 01:17:27 [UNKNOWN]: And can we imagine when a church would do?
01:17:27 --> 01:17:29 [UNKNOWN]: Can you imagine if your church had a bunch of armed people waiting?
01:17:30 --> 01:17:31 [UNKNOWN]: to fight off the other guys.
01:17:31 --> 01:17:35 [UNKNOWN]: How many people would even show up to church because they're scared and wouldn't want to deal with that?
01:17:35 --> 01:17:40 [UNKNOWN]: And how many people would never hear the gospel out of fear of being shot out on the way to church?
01:17:40 --> 01:17:42 [UNKNOWN]: And how many churches would say it's better to shut down.
01:17:42 --> 01:17:44 [UNKNOWN]: Safety says we got to shut down.
01:17:44 --> 01:17:45 [UNKNOWN]: It's not worth the effort.
01:17:45 --> 01:17:46 [UNKNOWN]: How many other churches?
01:17:47 --> 01:17:48 [UNKNOWN]: would say it's wrong today.
01:17:48 --> 01:17:49 [UNKNOWN]: They shouldn't have fought back.
01:17:49 --> 01:17:51 [UNKNOWN]: That's the situation these guys are having to deal with.
01:17:52 --> 01:17:57 [UNKNOWN]: Another missionary Harvey Jones was working hard to teach his people to not have prejudices against black people and against slaves.
01:17:58 --> 01:18:02 [UNKNOWN]: When he got the news that a pro slavery movement was planning to relocate to his town he had moved to.
01:18:03 --> 01:18:08 [UNKNOWN]: After all, it wasn't just abolitionist moving to Kansas to change the future, but the slave side was trying to move in as well.
01:18:08 --> 01:18:10 [UNKNOWN]: He said, I will do what I can to prevent it.
01:18:10 --> 01:18:14 [UNKNOWN]: For food, should they move here, I fear that it would be fatal for the prospects of my building a church
01:18:15 --> 01:18:18 [UNKNOWN]: They are no doubt most of them very pro-slavery.
01:18:19 --> 01:18:27 [UNKNOWN]: So not only that, but the pro sleep people could be moving in as well, they could come into your town and run you out of town and there goes your church, there goes your chance to preach the gospel.
01:18:28 --> 01:18:33 [UNKNOWN]: Another missionary, back to bird, he described that he is harassed by the rough hands as he came in the Kansas.
01:18:33 --> 01:18:43 [UNKNOWN]: At one point his male was being stolen by them, so that all his messages as letters to the American Missionary Association, trying to get word out, can't just go online and put up a video on YouTube.
01:18:43 --> 01:18:46 [UNKNOWN]: It has to be sent out by male, but if they're stealing all the male, what help what money
01:18:49 --> 01:19:07 [UNKNOWN]: He said he confronted the man he saw stealing in the man quote Leeds upon me like a tiger drag me from my house twice threw me down kicked me Stamped me pounded me bit me and sought to gouge out my eyes But providence preserved me a neighbor was there and he took him off me before he was able to accomplish his goal of gouging out my eyes
01:19:09 --> 01:19:12 [UNKNOWN]: Bird described this event as one that furthered his resolve by the way.
01:19:12 --> 01:19:16 [UNKNOWN]: These guys thought they could convince them to quit being pro-slavery, it didn't work on at least some of them.
01:19:16 --> 01:19:20 [UNKNOWN]: I do think we know that people went home and couldn't take it, but there were others who said that this is how you're going to treat me.
01:19:20 --> 01:19:22 [UNKNOWN]: I'm going to work even harder to end slavery.
01:19:23 --> 01:19:29 [UNKNOWN]: He said he realized this kind of beating was common for slaves in the South and it renewed his mission to make sure that nobody had to go through what he did.
01:19:30 --> 01:19:35 [UNKNOWN]: Less than a year later, Bird was attacked again and this attack count comes from his wife, Mrs. Bird.
01:19:35 --> 01:19:38 [UNKNOWN]: Last night about 10 o'clock we heard horsemen riding at full sleep speed up to the house.
01:19:39 --> 01:19:41 [UNKNOWN]: They were soon at our door knocking and calling out for Mr. Bird.
01:19:42 --> 01:19:46 [UNKNOWN]: They ordered him to get up and go with them, but they would not for a long time tell us where and what reason.
01:19:46 --> 01:19:48 [UNKNOWN]: They assured him he should not be harmed at all.
01:19:48 --> 01:19:51 [UNKNOWN]: And finally said, they had orders to take him back to their camp.
01:19:51 --> 01:19:56 [UNKNOWN]: The husband arose and let them in, for they also directed to see if he had any weapons and to search him for papers.
01:19:57 --> 01:19:58 [UNKNOWN]: The company consisted of five armed men.
01:19:59 --> 01:20:00 [UNKNOWN]: I asked what they wanted of them.
01:20:00 --> 01:20:03 [UNKNOWN]: They said they wished to give him the names of other free state neighbors.
01:20:04 --> 01:20:09 [UNKNOWN]: It sounds like something you'd hear about, and like a communist country give us the names of your conspirators.
01:20:09 --> 01:20:10 [UNKNOWN]: Do you have any weapons?
01:20:10 --> 01:20:10 [UNKNOWN]: Do you have any plans?
01:20:11 --> 01:20:12 [UNKNOWN]: We're taking you back to our camp.
01:20:13 --> 01:20:17 [UNKNOWN]: For two weeks he had been kidnapped and he was found that he found out he was on their blacklist of targets.
01:20:17 --> 01:20:18 [UNKNOWN]: But he came onum armed.
01:20:19 --> 01:20:22 [UNKNOWN]: He later said to his wife, I believe Providence preserved my life.
01:20:22 --> 01:20:28 [UNKNOWN]: If I had been allowed to remain at home till their anger got even worse in a couple weeks, they would have killed me as they did some of my friends.
01:20:32 --> 01:20:37 [UNKNOWN]: These are just some of the accounts from three to four different missionaries that were working with the American Missionary Association.
01:20:37 --> 01:20:41 [UNKNOWN]: There were many, many others happening all across Kansas at that time.
01:20:42 --> 01:20:45 [UNKNOWN]: And they all described how the police did nothing to help them.
01:20:45 --> 01:20:47 [UNKNOWN]: They were no help at all to share if they never stopped them.
01:20:47 --> 01:20:52 [UNKNOWN]: There were thousands of people who can't experience seeing these kind of rough writer attacks and nobody was there.
01:20:52 --> 01:20:54 [UNKNOWN]: Where was the government during all of this?
01:20:54 --> 01:21:00 [UNKNOWN]: Well, the president of the time was a pro southern slave Democrat president, so he saw no problem with what was going on.
01:21:00 --> 01:21:03 [UNKNOWN]: He wanted to see Kansas become a slave state, so he looked the other way.
01:21:03 --> 01:21:11 [UNKNOWN]: He even asked Congress to accept the fake election one, but Congress said, hey, that election is so fraudulent, so obviously fake, we will not accept it.
01:21:12 --> 01:21:14 [UNKNOWN]: But he turned a blind eye to all the bad things happening.
01:21:14 --> 01:21:16 [UNKNOWN]: He never once lifted a finger to help them.
01:21:16 --> 01:21:21 [UNKNOWN]: There was a group that did step up, though, the league of law and order, or called the army of law and order.
01:21:22 --> 01:21:24 [UNKNOWN]: And by a name like that, you would think these are good people.
01:21:24 --> 01:21:27 [UNKNOWN]: They're going to help stand up and put into order all the craziness.
01:21:28 --> 01:21:30 [UNKNOWN]: And that's exactly what they told everyone they were going to do.
01:21:30 --> 01:21:34 [UNKNOWN]: After all, they're the order of law and the league and law of order, whatever.
01:21:35 --> 01:21:35 [UNKNOWN]: They weren't.
01:21:36 --> 01:21:45 [UNKNOWN]: These guys were Missouri and Ruffians that came together under a name called the League of Law and Order and the people that they wish to see law and order against were the free state Kansas people.
01:21:45 --> 01:21:50 [UNKNOWN]: They were organized by a man named David Atchison, keep that guy's name in your mind.
01:21:50 --> 01:21:53 [UNKNOWN]: He is very important to the story and he will come up a lot.
01:21:53 --> 01:21:58 [UNKNOWN]: And they decided to put down the abolitionists to attack the abolitionists and with law and order on their side.
01:21:58 --> 01:22:09 [UNKNOWN]: They called on people from all over America and they called and recruited people from Arkansas Florida Texas helped us defeat the abolitionists and save Kansas from going free state with law and order on our side.
01:22:10 --> 01:22:14 [UNKNOWN]: And they did so many law and order things to kind of things you would expect a group of people.
01:22:14 --> 01:22:17 [UNKNOWN]: For example, robbing a station of Quakers.
01:22:17 --> 01:22:25 [UNKNOWN]: because they heard a rumor that the Quakers were giving food to run away slaves if they're feeding runaway slaves, well let's just steal all their food and their cattle and their horses.
01:22:25 --> 01:22:27 [UNKNOWN]: Now they can't help run away slaves.
01:22:27 --> 01:22:29 [UNKNOWN]: You know, that kind of law in order.
01:22:30 --> 01:22:34 [UNKNOWN]: They would also be the group that attacks Lawrence Kansas and the siege when we get to that later.
01:22:35 --> 01:22:38 [UNKNOWN]: This is one of the outward facing groups that had a big name that everyone knew.
01:22:38 --> 01:22:40 [UNKNOWN]: The border reference calling themselves law in order.
01:22:40 --> 01:22:42 [UNKNOWN]: And by the way, this is very common in politics.
01:22:42 --> 01:22:46 [UNKNOWN]: People often call themselves one name when they really mean another.
01:22:47 --> 01:22:54 [UNKNOWN]: So on the internet, there's also formed secret societies, so inside of Kansas, the blue lodges, as they were called.
01:22:54 --> 01:22:56 [UNKNOWN]: One group was called the Friends Society.
01:22:56 --> 01:22:57 [UNKNOWN]: Another group was called the Social Band.
01:22:57 --> 01:23:00 [UNKNOWN]: Another group had the named Dark Lane Trans Society.
01:23:00 --> 01:23:01 [UNKNOWN]: Look, I got to be honest with you.
01:23:01 --> 01:23:05 [UNKNOWN]: I don't agree with the Dark Lane Trans Society, but if you're gonna have a name, that's a pretty metal one, right?
01:23:05 --> 01:23:06 [UNKNOWN]: That kind of sounds like it could have been a,
01:23:06 --> 01:23:19 [UNKNOWN]: a rock band from a few years ago, sons of the South as another famous one, and if you join these groups, they have secret hand shakes, secret passwords, they took oaths, their levels, very illuminati, or, you know, what was the other?
01:23:19 --> 01:23:28 [UNKNOWN]: Those kind of groups, the free mason style stuff, but all in all, they all agreed the main oath was protect slavery and help extend it into Kansas.
01:23:28 --> 01:23:32 [UNKNOWN]: And if you broke their oaths, we decided to switch sides, they were very harsh distributions.
01:23:33 --> 01:23:34 [UNKNOWN]: Equate from a newspaper.
01:23:35 --> 01:23:37 [UNKNOWN]: Atchison and others have organized secret associations.
01:23:38 --> 01:23:42 [UNKNOWN]: The members of which are sworn to turn out in fight when called upon to do so, and is governed by the following rules.
01:23:43 --> 01:23:47 [UNKNOWN]: Quote, all belonging to it are in share, are to share in the day images accruing to anyone who is hurt.
01:23:48 --> 01:23:56 [UNKNOWN]: Even at the price of disunion, all are to act secretly to destroy the business and character of the northern men, and all dissenting from the doctrines are to be expelled from their lands.
01:23:56 --> 01:23:58 [UNKNOWN]: So if you go against them, you're kicked out.
01:23:58 --> 01:24:01 [UNKNOWN]: If any of them are hurt in the fight, you all pay for it together.
01:24:01 --> 01:24:05 [UNKNOWN]: You're one goal is to end the free status work and to stop abolitionism.
01:24:06 --> 01:24:09 [UNKNOWN]: Now, the league of law and orders sent out an eight-page pamphlet.
01:24:09 --> 01:24:15 [UNKNOWN]: And I want to read just some different parts of it because they were wild, wild, and the things that they said.
01:24:15 --> 01:24:16 [UNKNOWN]: Here's some of the quotes.
01:24:17 --> 01:24:22 [UNKNOWN]: The abolitionists, on the one hand, and the cordons for the early teaching, regard slavery as the greatest possible evil.
01:24:22 --> 01:24:34 [UNKNOWN]: They deem it a monstrous, national crime, which their false series of government imputes equally to every portion of the Confederacy, and, by the way, calling themselves a Confederacy, this is before the Civil War as began.
01:24:35 --> 01:24:40 [UNKNOWN]: And so, believing themselves individually responsible for his existence, they feel bound each to struggle for the overthrow.
01:24:40 --> 01:24:47 [UNKNOWN]: To such extremes, these wicked demagogues demulated their finassism, that they're perverted consciences justify any mode of warfare against slaveholders.
01:24:47 --> 01:25:02 [UNKNOWN]: However, much in violation of the law, however destructive of property or human life, however atrociously wicked it may seem to others, no, many of them already go so far as to oppose all law, religion, property, and subordination among men as diverse as they are, please
01:25:04 --> 01:25:08 [UNKNOWN]: And with them, it is no mere local question of other slavery will exist in Kansas.
01:25:08 --> 01:25:12 [UNKNOWN]: But it is broader significance, a question of whether it should be allowed to exist anywhere.
01:25:15 --> 01:25:26 [UNKNOWN]: They regard Kansas as an outpost in the war now being waged against civilization between North and South, and if they win this great outpost and stand point, they will rightly think to march on until they conquer the entire field.
01:25:27 --> 01:25:31 [UNKNOWN]: On the other hand, the pro-savory element of the law in order party in Kansas, they look to the Bible.
01:25:31 --> 01:25:32 [UNKNOWN]: This is again their words.
01:25:33 --> 01:25:39 [UNKNOWN]: Find slavery or dain to by God, and they find there as by our law slavery, made an inheritance to them, and their children forever quote.
01:25:40 --> 01:25:50 [UNKNOWN]: Looking to our national census into all statistics connected with the African race, and considering to their physical intellectual and moral natures, we see the slavery as the Africans, normal, and proper state.
01:25:50 --> 01:25:57 [UNKNOWN]: Since in that state, race multiplies faster, it has more physical comfort and less sin and more better moral and intellectual progress.
01:25:57 --> 01:26:12 [UNKNOWN]: again, this is not my words, this is a law and orderly justifying why they're the good guys and the canzons are the bad guys and then they say later down and they say they're saying it's the biblical, it's practically godly what we're doing to the African people.
01:26:12 --> 01:26:14 [UNKNOWN]: Come on, how can you question that, right?
01:26:14 --> 01:26:22 [UNKNOWN]: And then they say down in that these cans, it's their blood thirsty, they want the entire sound, they'll stop at nothing, religion, anything will be used against us.
01:26:22 --> 01:26:32 [UNKNOWN]: Then they say, of the Kansas, they have the Kansas, they have formed secret military organizations for resisting the laws and carrying out their designs to abolish slavery in Kansas.
01:26:32 --> 01:26:38 [UNKNOWN]: Organizations in which the members are called by hosts and their leaders, and they will even murder and commit treason to do it.
01:26:39 --> 01:26:41 [UNKNOWN]: Well, boy, isn't that ironic?
01:26:41 --> 01:26:57 [UNKNOWN]: The law in order leak was founded by a guy, David Atchison, who founded secret societies, secret societies that were murdering people across Kansas, and then they had the gall, the the the nerves to turn around and say, no, that's what the Kansas are doing.
01:26:57 --> 01:26:58 [UNKNOWN]: They form secret societies.
01:26:59 --> 01:27:03 [UNKNOWN]: They're doing murder, absolutely ridiculous, isn't it?
01:27:03 --> 01:27:06 [UNKNOWN]: But it's so common, politics, blame the other person for what you're doing.
01:27:07 --> 01:27:08 [UNKNOWN]: Claim they're doing evil when it's actually you.
01:27:09 --> 01:27:11 [UNKNOWN]: And if you go around with the name like the law and orderly, why not?
01:27:12 --> 01:27:28 [UNKNOWN]: It is rightly reported, and here's some more quote from them, that the northern abolitionists are raising large armies under military organizations bringing them in and interrupting the peaceful inhabitants setting laws that are defiant and overwhelming the law and order party inside the territory of Kansas.
01:27:30 --> 01:27:35 [UNKNOWN]: Oh, yeah, it was the northerners who were saying the northerners sent one group of people with rifles and they were proud of themselves.
01:27:35 --> 01:27:40 [UNKNOWN]: Kansas is sending hundreds of horseback riders in there attacking and killing all the time.
01:27:40 --> 01:27:42 [UNKNOWN]: Sorry, that's what the Board of Ruffians are doing.
01:27:43 --> 01:27:44 [UNKNOWN]: We must have your help.
01:27:44 --> 01:27:53 [UNKNOWN]: A point agent's responsible trustee reliable, men for every state district in neighborhood, whose whole business will be the canvas for our aid, friends of the cosmos contribute in many ways.
01:27:53 --> 01:27:57 [UNKNOWN]: We must not abandon our birthright without a struggle, yield to the grasping monopoly.
01:27:57 --> 01:28:00 [UNKNOWN]: the fairest eating of our common-to-and-mastic, pretty cool name, actually.
01:28:00 --> 01:28:17 [UNKNOWN]: The land, the flowing broken fertile plain, Kansas is indeed the garden spot of America, and it's every way adapted to the southern way of life, and no other part of the union is slave labor more productive, and in the present and parallel to state of our civilization, if we do not maintain this outpost, we will not long defend the Citadel, rally to the rescue.
01:28:19 --> 01:28:27 [UNKNOWN]: The irony of these guys raising money and asking for help because the Northerners have secret societies in our violent and wicked and the Bible or Danes is just unbelievable, isn't it?
01:28:27 --> 01:28:37 [UNKNOWN]: Like these guys are just no problem telling it's exactly what they were doing while pretending to see other side doing it, absolutely despicable, and I guess you can't be surprised, that's politics right, but still.
01:28:38 --> 01:28:41 [UNKNOWN]: In 1855, we see the first really big conflict go down.
01:28:42 --> 01:28:49 [UNKNOWN]: It happened just outside Lawrence, and I was deeply confused while doing the research for this episode, because I kept reading about accounts and the siege of Lawrence.
01:28:49 --> 01:28:55 [UNKNOWN]: And one would say it was destroyed, and another would say it was saved, and I would go, wait, how can the city be destroyed and saved at the same time?
01:28:55 --> 01:28:59 [UNKNOWN]: There really is, oh, there are two siege, but I was still confused, because things were still not adding up.
01:29:00 --> 01:29:03 [UNKNOWN]: And then I learned, no, there wasn't two siege of Lawrence, there were three different
01:29:08 --> 01:29:09 [UNKNOWN]: Finally, I learned the truth.
01:29:09 --> 01:29:15 [UNKNOWN]: There were four different seages on Lawrence and to quote Paul, if there are any others, I don't know about them.
01:29:15 --> 01:29:23 [UNKNOWN]: Now imagine trying to do research on an episode would forward different attacks on the same city happen and you can see how confusing this was at different times to research.
01:29:24 --> 01:29:37 [UNKNOWN]: They're in the first siege, which got the name Wackel Rousseau War, not sure why in Kansas, occurred in November in December of 1855, and started with a pro-slavery property owner getting into a dispute with his free state neighbor in murdering him, and this became a flashpoint.
01:29:37 --> 01:29:40 [UNKNOWN]: This guy murdered a free stator, and got a fight.
01:29:40 --> 01:29:43 [UNKNOWN]: Well, the friend of the murdered guy, the guy who's murdered.
01:29:43 --> 01:29:44 [UNKNOWN]: So his friend got murdered.
01:29:45 --> 01:29:49 [UNKNOWN]: He's walking around saying, hey, I think it's kind of messed up that the sheriff didn't arrest that guy.
01:29:49 --> 01:29:51 [UNKNOWN]: He got arrested for disturbing the piece.
01:29:52 --> 01:29:54 [UNKNOWN]: So the murderer is walking free.
01:29:54 --> 01:29:58 [UNKNOWN]: But the pro-slavery sheriff arrested his friend for disturbing the piece.
01:29:59 --> 01:30:10 [UNKNOWN]: This bothered some of the freestators, so they got together, they went to the jail, they broke their friend out, and said it's not fair that this guy is in jail while the murder or walks free, and they took him to Lawrence, Kansas.
01:30:10 --> 01:30:14 [UNKNOWN]: The sheriff called him the governor and said they're openly rebellion against us.
01:30:14 --> 01:30:16 [UNKNOWN]: Lawrence is about to attack the state.
01:30:18 --> 01:30:24 [UNKNOWN]: The governor of Kansas called on the militia, but this ended up being 2 mazerians border roughheads.
01:30:24 --> 01:30:26 [UNKNOWN]: And he said, quick, we have to defend and save Lawrence.
01:30:27 --> 01:30:30 [UNKNOWN]: Lawrence is being attacked by some group of people, and what he had heard from the sheriff.
01:30:31 --> 01:30:38 [UNKNOWN]: Well, the militia were now on their way to Lawrence, and the people of Lawrence said, hey, we kicked out the guys, those guys who broke the guy out of jail, we kicked them out of town.
01:30:39 --> 01:30:42 [UNKNOWN]: Everything's good, you don't need to come, but that wasn't enough.
01:30:42 --> 01:30:48 [UNKNOWN]: The mazerians and the law on order league were now on their way to Lawrence and they weren't there to catch the people that broke the guy at a jail.
01:30:48 --> 01:30:52 [UNKNOWN]: They were there now to destroy Lawrence Kansas for resisting the sheriff.
01:30:53 --> 01:30:58 [UNKNOWN]: The governor had been convinced by the sheriff that Lawrence was out of control and that these abolitionists were trying to start a violent riot.
01:31:00 --> 01:31:04 [UNKNOWN]: But then a delegation came from Lawrence and said, hey, everything you've heard is wrong.
01:31:05 --> 01:31:05 [UNKNOWN]: Lawrence is peaceful.
01:31:06 --> 01:31:08 [UNKNOWN]: They kicked the guys out, that broke those guys out of jail.
01:31:08 --> 01:31:10 [UNKNOWN]: Everything is fine, and everyone was surprised.
01:31:10 --> 01:31:15 [UNKNOWN]: They had been hearing from the sheriff that, oh, but Lawrence was a violent out of control, then a murder.
01:31:15 --> 01:31:21 [UNKNOWN]: But in reality, these were rumors from the pro-slavery sheriff who had, again, not arrested the murderer at all.
01:31:21 --> 01:31:23 [UNKNOWN]: It was trying to defend himself.
01:31:23 --> 01:31:29 [UNKNOWN]: And that Lawrence was preparing to defend itself from this large army that was being sent to protect it.
01:31:30 --> 01:31:32 [UNKNOWN]: and the army wasn't going to protect it.
01:31:32 --> 01:31:33 [UNKNOWN]: They were going to attack it.
01:31:33 --> 01:31:36 [UNKNOWN]: The law on orderly was coming to burn them even though they had been asked to save them.
01:31:37 --> 01:31:40 [UNKNOWN]: The governor didn't believe it, but he said, I'll go to Lawrence and see if it's true.
01:31:40 --> 01:31:51 [UNKNOWN]: He went to Lawrence and saw that the people of Lawrence were peacefully building fortresses and preparing guns because they were trying to save themselves from the army that the governor had hired to save Lawrence.
01:31:52 --> 01:31:55 [UNKNOWN]: And that the guys that they had broken them out of jail had been kicked out.
01:31:56 --> 01:31:58 [UNKNOWN]: And that actually, it was an instant guy in the first place.
01:31:59 --> 01:32:08 [UNKNOWN]: The governor of Kansas by all accounts had authorized and had asked to get control of Kansas, but was now going to lead to the destruction of the very city he had tried to save.
01:32:08 --> 01:32:10 [UNKNOWN]: Now the messarians are planning to destroy the city.
01:32:10 --> 01:32:16 [UNKNOWN]: He asked the president to bring U.S. government federal troops to put down their rebellion, but the orders took too long.
01:32:16 --> 01:32:18 [UNKNOWN]: The army that he needed was too far away.
01:32:19 --> 01:32:25 [UNKNOWN]: And in the meantime, the Missouri & Soldiers were raiding arsenals, gathering weapons from armories, and we're getting ready to destroy poor Lawrence Kansas.
01:32:25 --> 01:32:36 [UNKNOWN]: The first, remember, this is the capital of the Free Immigrant Aid Society, this is the capital of the abolitionist movement, Lawrence isn't, is a pinpoint moment if you can get rid of Lawrence, maybe you can take over Kansas.
01:32:37 --> 01:32:46 [UNKNOWN]: The first sign of the silence, violence, happened when a free state of a shot and killed an issue out with an Indian, actually, who was on the pro-slavery side, which that's always an interesting aspect of things.
01:32:46 --> 01:32:52 [UNKNOWN]: Indians would pick both sides, like we like to think of, you know, in movies and South Native Americans, people are always these peaceful, and that's not true.
01:32:52 --> 01:32:54 [UNKNOWN]: There were Native American tribes that were fighting with,
01:32:54 --> 01:32:58 [UNKNOWN]: the slavery people here to bring slavery to Kansas.
01:32:59 --> 01:33:01 [UNKNOWN]: Lawrence built five different many forts to hold their location down.
01:33:02 --> 01:33:07 [UNKNOWN]: In the Kansas, brought out a cannon with cannonballs that they had smuggled out of Kansas to predict themselves.
01:33:08 --> 01:33:10 [UNKNOWN]: This kind of build-up of forts went on for a week.
01:33:11 --> 01:33:16 [UNKNOWN]: Many men credit the Connecticut colony as I mentioned earlier as the major reason the Missouri incident evade.
01:33:16 --> 01:33:28 [UNKNOWN]: because the numbers were either 2 Missorians to 800 Cansons, or it could have been and some people reported it was 200 Cansons to 2 Missorians.
01:33:29 --> 01:33:40 [UNKNOWN]: That you are very outnumbered when it is one in 14 people, but if you have 200 honored people sitting on forts and with their beachers rifle, bibles, it's still you could still get shot.
01:33:40 --> 01:33:42 [UNKNOWN]: And that means you can't just run in
01:33:46 --> 01:33:55 [UNKNOWN]: Remember, six armed guys in the farmhouse defeated Nat Turner's 40-person army, just because your outnumber doesn't mean you can't win and they did have one cannon with them after all.
01:33:56 --> 01:33:57 [UNKNOWN]: One I witnessed described it this way.
01:33:57 --> 01:34:08 [UNKNOWN]: It was an excellent way out of the dilemma, but there was a scene of drama in the spectacular government that the town of Lawrence was in rebellion, fighting with the McKensis militia that had been sent by the officers living in Missouri.
01:34:09 --> 01:34:11 [UNKNOWN]: McKensis militia again was actually just a border of France.
01:34:12 --> 01:34:16 [UNKNOWN]: It was a strange spectacle, almost a comedy, if it weren't for such a tragedy.
01:34:17 --> 01:34:19 [UNKNOWN]: And in any case, it was certainly a travesty to the free government.
01:34:19 --> 01:34:27 [UNKNOWN]: For the United States Senator, Senator Acheson was commanding an army a hoard, while the governor was trying to stop the war he had started.
01:34:27 --> 01:34:29 [UNKNOWN]: There was no excuse for any of this.
01:34:30 --> 01:34:32 [UNKNOWN]: One of the men is showed up in the very last days of the siege.
01:34:32 --> 01:34:35 [UNKNOWN]: Literally showed up in the last, and it wasn't because he was later anything.
01:34:35 --> 01:34:46 [UNKNOWN]: He literally was coming from across the country, a man whose famous or infamous in history depending on what side you see him, John Brown, and a few of his sons armed and ready to fight for Lawrence Kansas.
01:34:47 --> 01:34:50 [UNKNOWN]: And in this particular part of the story, he doesn't get to do much, but John Brown is
01:34:51 --> 01:34:54 [UNKNOWN]: the man who caused me to make this episode.
01:34:54 --> 01:34:57 [UNKNOWN]: He is a far bigger than life character.
01:34:57 --> 01:35:06 [UNKNOWN]: He's an interesting guy and even people are very split on whether he is a good guy or a bad guy and I'll let you decide as I always do.
01:35:09 --> 01:35:17 [UNKNOWN]: Now, if all accounts of free status defended themselves and handled themselves very well, but part of the reason they won the battle wasn't just because they had a cannon, they built some forts, they had their guns.
01:35:17 --> 01:35:20 [UNKNOWN]: Part of the reason that the battle never became bloody was because it got cold.
01:35:21 --> 01:35:22 [UNKNOWN]: This wasn't the middle of December in Kansas.
01:35:22 --> 01:35:29 [UNKNOWN]: Those brutally cold temperatures struck and many people just didn't want to fight in negative, you know, 15 degree weather out there.
01:35:30 --> 01:35:34 [UNKNOWN]: And so they kind of stepped back and they said, you know, let's try this again when it's not so snowy.
01:35:34 --> 01:35:55 [UNKNOWN]: Had Lawrence fallen, had the free stateers not had their guns, had that one Connecticut colony to show it up, had The governor not been persuaded had all these things agon differently and Missouri quickly taken Lawrence the capital of abolitionism Would we have seen Kansas become a slave state if Kansas became a slave state when Nebraska become a slave state
01:35:56 --> 01:36:01 [UNKNOWN]: What the balance of power had been in the slave state's favor, with the civil war had been that much harder.
01:36:01 --> 01:36:04 [UNKNOWN]: I mean, a lot of the food that was used in the civil war came from Kansas.
01:36:04 --> 01:36:06 [UNKNOWN]: What if that was all now going to the south?
01:36:07 --> 01:36:08 [UNKNOWN]: What would have happened?
01:36:08 --> 01:36:10 [UNKNOWN]: How would things have been different?
01:36:10 --> 01:36:13 [UNKNOWN]: All because these guys refused to give in and stood there ground.
01:36:14 --> 01:36:17 [UNKNOWN]: With the civil war have happened, with the civil war have gone very differently.
01:36:17 --> 01:36:22 [UNKNOWN]: We won't know because of your book Connecticut colonists will guns shut up and protected them.
01:36:23 --> 01:36:24 [UNKNOWN]: But would history have been different.
01:36:25 --> 01:36:32 [UNKNOWN]: And if the war week had instead of been cold, brutally cold, had it been an especially warm week in December.
01:36:32 --> 01:36:39 [UNKNOWN]: Had the temperatures been a little bit nicer, would they have fought that day, and would the border reference have won that battle?
01:36:39 --> 01:36:42 [UNKNOWN]: And if they had won that battle, what would have happened in Kansas?
01:36:43 --> 01:36:46 [UNKNOWN]: It seems so obvious and foreshadowed now that the civil war was going to happen.
01:36:47 --> 01:36:48 [UNKNOWN]: But was it really obvious?
01:36:48 --> 01:36:49 [UNKNOWN]: Did it have to happen?
01:36:50 --> 01:36:53 [UNKNOWN]: and had things gone just a few ways differently.
01:36:54 --> 01:36:59 [UNKNOWN]: If the southerners have gotten a little bit more power, with the northerners have been scared to start the Civil War in the first place.
01:37:00 --> 01:37:04 [UNKNOWN]: Some say that these battles over Lawrence were the true start of the Civil War, even if no one noticed it.
01:37:05 --> 01:37:12 [UNKNOWN]: Kind of like in World War II, when the World War II start, most people say, well, when Germany invaded Poland, right with the Soviet Union, but what about the China and Japan side of it?
01:37:12 --> 01:37:14 [UNKNOWN]: That had started 10 years before that.
01:37:14 --> 01:37:18 [UNKNOWN]: Was that the start of World War II, when China and Japan started going at it?
01:37:18 --> 01:37:20 [UNKNOWN]: That would mean that the Pacific side certainly was.
01:37:20 --> 01:37:23 [UNKNOWN]: If you lived in China, that felt like World War II to you, right?
01:37:23 --> 01:37:26 [UNKNOWN]: But when is the real actual start for the world?
01:37:27 --> 01:37:53 [UNKNOWN]: Notice in that in these accounts they are not surprised by the way we looked at these missionaries when they were talking about what was going on nobody was surprised when the police didn't show up to help the justice department wasn't fixing things the outlook in life of those who were fighting in Kansas was life risking and they were expected to do things on their own no one was going to help them a few months later another siege happens in Lawrence Kansas a bigger siege that becomes one of the main central points of this story the real
01:37:55 --> 01:38:00 [UNKNOWN]: But it happens at the same time as another massive national event at the exact same time.
01:38:01 --> 01:38:07 [UNKNOWN]: And remember, unlike today, where news happens in Iran, Russia, at a Contravaly, entire world instantly, news back then moved slower.
01:38:08 --> 01:38:19 [UNKNOWN]: So these two incidences were usually being reported almost simultaneously together, both of them had to do with Kansas, both of them were national stage, and both of them were getting all attention on themselves.
01:38:20 --> 01:38:26 [UNKNOWN]: And the first one that we will talk about was a warning about the Sieges that were happening in Kansas.
01:38:26 --> 01:38:28 [UNKNOWN]: And then the second one is the Siege of Kansas.
01:38:29 --> 01:38:33 [UNKNOWN]: There are moments in American politics that are absolutely wild aren't there.
01:38:33 --> 01:38:40 [UNKNOWN]: Like these big speeches and stuff, I love, I love, I know people will say, ah, these congressmen all they do is talk and do got your moments, but nothing ever happens.
01:38:41 --> 01:38:42 [UNKNOWN]: But I still love the culture moments.
01:38:42 --> 01:38:43 [UNKNOWN]: I still love when they do it.
01:38:44 --> 01:38:47 [UNKNOWN]: I just have a, you show me a congressman or somebody fighting in an argument night.
01:38:47 --> 01:38:48 [UNKNOWN]: I just get a kick out of it, right?
01:38:49 --> 01:38:50 [UNKNOWN]: Yeah, it's entertaining.
01:38:50 --> 01:38:51 [UNKNOWN]: And yeah, they're,
01:38:51 --> 01:38:54 [UNKNOWN]: They're doing all these bad things and but it's still interesting.
01:38:54 --> 01:39:11 [UNKNOWN]: I can't I still can't help but look at it And especially a hot mic moment or so are particularly nasty little argument all may I love them But the most wild moment was not captured on camera and happened in 1856 and it's not well known But it is without a doubt Congress's most wild moment Charles Sumner
01:39:11 --> 01:39:16 [UNKNOWN]: A cinder gave a speech called crimes against Kansas, so you can tell it's with a subject to me about.
01:39:17 --> 01:39:20 [UNKNOWN]: And he was going over the events happening in Kansas because of the pro-slavery side.
01:39:21 --> 01:39:28 [UNKNOWN]: The very things we've been chronically and he chronicled in front of Kansas have hadn't been gotten to the national stage yet and he wanted to give it attention right inside the house of Congress.
01:39:29 --> 01:39:32 [UNKNOWN]: He said, quote, not in any calm unless for power did this tragedy happen.
01:39:33 --> 01:39:42 [UNKNOWN]: It is the attack of a virgin territory, compelling it to the hateful embrace of slavery, and it may be clearly traced to a depraved desires for new slave states.
01:39:42 --> 01:39:45 [UNKNOWN]: Haiti has lost spring, no such a crime as we see.
01:39:45 --> 01:39:51 [UNKNOWN]: He did attack the Senator from South Carolina and his work in trying to move the country in a bad way.
01:39:51 --> 01:40:05 [UNKNOWN]: He actually called out the Senator from South Carolina for having a mistress and he said that congressman over there, he's got the Senator, he's got a mistress and decades later historians did interview the slaves at that guy's plantation and he had a mistress.
01:40:05 --> 01:40:06 [UNKNOWN]: That was definitely a real thing.
01:40:07 --> 01:40:11 [UNKNOWN]: Not just that, but this Charles Sunder went after David Atchison.
01:40:11 --> 01:40:14 [UNKNOWN]: He said, David Atchison is stealing elections in Kansas.
01:40:14 --> 01:40:19 [UNKNOWN]: He's orchestrating a power grab and we have to stop him.
01:40:19 --> 01:40:21 [UNKNOWN]: He's out of control.
01:40:21 --> 01:40:22 [UNKNOWN]: And I think now.
01:40:24 --> 01:40:34 [UNKNOWN]: is a good time to actually take a moment to talk about David Edgeson, because David Edgeson is almost unknown, but he is a weird guy and he is an interesting guy.
01:40:34 --> 01:40:40 [UNKNOWN]: He's one of those guys that, again, huge impact on the world and yet we don't know him.
01:40:40 --> 01:40:43 [UNKNOWN]: He's also the founder, you know, his name after Edgeson Kansas, if you love there, very small town.
01:40:45 --> 01:40:45 [UNKNOWN]: Interesting guy.
01:40:45 --> 01:40:46 [UNKNOWN]: Let's mention a little bit about David.
01:40:46 --> 01:40:50 [UNKNOWN]: I just said born in Kentucky in 1807 and a place called Frogtown.
01:40:50 --> 01:40:50 [UNKNOWN]: Good name for a city.
01:40:51 --> 01:40:52 [UNKNOWN]: I like it better than Toadville, right?
01:40:53 --> 01:40:55 [UNKNOWN]: He went to school in a very educated school.
01:40:55 --> 01:40:58 [UNKNOWN]: Five future Democrats Senator sat in his classes with him.
01:40:58 --> 01:41:02 [UNKNOWN]: So that's a upper elite, you know, upper crust kind of place.
01:41:02 --> 01:41:10 [UNKNOWN]: But his life changed when he decided to move out to Western Missouri in the town of Liberty, right outside of Kansas City and open a law practice there.
01:41:11 --> 01:41:19 [UNKNOWN]: and his law practiced thrived, and he had at one very, very important client, Joseph Smith, the founder of Mormonism.
01:41:20 --> 01:41:26 [UNKNOWN]: Now, we're gonna, before we talk about Charles, I'm gonna, we gotta talk about David Acheson, before we talk about David Acheson, then we can talk about Joseph Smith.
01:41:27 --> 01:41:32 [UNKNOWN]: Joseph Smith first had his visions that led to the founding of Mormonism, and one is today called Sacred Grove, New York.
01:41:32 --> 01:41:40 [UNKNOWN]: He was wrestling with what church to join in his early teens, when he was told by God in his mind, not to join in any church, because they were all incorrect.
01:41:40 --> 01:41:47 [UNKNOWN]: And it's just right in the middle of the second grade awakening he lived in the quote unquote burnover districts where people have been preaching and trying to bring them the Christ for years.
01:41:48 --> 01:41:58 [UNKNOWN]: In 1830 he published his visions and founded quote the Church of Christ a part of the restoration movement that would horribly arrive and many could argue that much of the restoration movement would horribly arrive but that's a different thing.
01:41:59 --> 01:42:02 [UNKNOWN]: In this followers, we're kicked out of New York because of religious persecution.
01:42:02 --> 01:42:04 [UNKNOWN]: Oh, so that's how they ended up in Missouri, right?
01:42:04 --> 01:42:05 [UNKNOWN]: No.
01:42:05 --> 01:42:15 [UNKNOWN]: First saying it had been Curtland, Ohio, because the people of IOC seemed receptive to Mormonism and they promised them safety, so they started bringing many Mormons, many Ohioans to Mormonism there.
01:42:15 --> 01:42:19 [UNKNOWN]: When they first moved there, they were poor, but they managed to build 110 foot temple.
01:42:19 --> 01:42:23 [UNKNOWN]: They managed to build an 11th story temple, while being poor.
01:42:25 --> 01:42:30 [UNKNOWN]: They also began sending missionaries and they sent missionaries to Missouri to convert Indians there to Mormonism.
01:42:30 --> 01:42:31 [UNKNOWN]: They saw Indians.
01:42:31 --> 01:42:38 [UNKNOWN]: It's a very important part of their religious movement and their weird Mormonism idea that the Indian tribes or the lost tribes of Israel and all that kind of stuff they got going on.
01:42:39 --> 01:42:43 [UNKNOWN]: This is all part of their goal of what Vision had, of the Vision Smith had.
01:42:44 --> 01:42:49 [UNKNOWN]: And he even said, I think liberty in Kansas City of Missouri is going to be the New Jerusalem.
01:42:49 --> 01:42:51 [UNKNOWN]: I think it's going to be right over there.
01:42:51 --> 01:42:54 [UNKNOWN]: Things went so well for them in Curtin, Ohio, for a time.
01:42:55 --> 01:43:00 [UNKNOWN]: But eventually, they got kicked out of Kurt Lennohio and they would have to move over to their group and Missouri.
01:43:01 --> 01:43:06 [UNKNOWN]: The reason the Mormons gave is that they were religiously persecuted out of Ohio.
01:43:06 --> 01:43:07 [UNKNOWN]: They were doing too well there.
01:43:08 --> 01:43:13 [UNKNOWN]: But another reason could also be that Joseph Smith had a second wife and people were seeing this as a polygamous group.
01:43:13 --> 01:43:14 [UNKNOWN]: And they didn't like that.
01:43:15 --> 01:43:26 [UNKNOWN]: Another reason could be that they formed a bank, and the bank fell apart in the bank panic of 1836, and a bunch of people were now out of money because they'd given their money to the Mormons, and they chased them out as an anger mob in 1837.
01:43:27 --> 01:43:29 [UNKNOWN]: All of these reasons, you know, which one is true?
01:43:29 --> 01:43:33 [UNKNOWN]: I think it's probably the angry mob in the polygamy, more so than quote unquote religious persecution.
01:43:34 --> 01:43:40 [UNKNOWN]: Now in 1831, while there's one, they first sent missionaries that were to Kansas City, Missouri, and Independence and Missouri.
01:43:40 --> 01:43:42 [UNKNOWN]: By the way, Independence and Missouri, we're Harry Truman, President of the United States, he'll be from.
01:43:43 --> 01:43:44 [UNKNOWN]: But we will talk about him later.
01:43:45 --> 01:43:47 [UNKNOWN]: Joseph Smith laid down a future temple marker.
01:43:47 --> 01:43:48 [UNKNOWN]: He went there and visited the spot.
01:43:48 --> 01:43:50 [UNKNOWN]: He said, Jesus will return at this spot.
01:43:51 --> 01:43:54 [UNKNOWN]: And to this day, you can go see that spot.
01:43:54 --> 01:43:55 [UNKNOWN]: I have seen that spot.
01:43:55 --> 01:43:57 [UNKNOWN]: It is a Mormon temple is built there.
01:43:58 --> 01:44:01 [UNKNOWN]: And it required buying a lot of land when they started saying Jesus is coming back here.
01:44:01 --> 01:44:03 [UNKNOWN]: They needed to buy a lot of land for their temples and their stuff.
01:44:04 --> 01:44:05 [UNKNOWN]: And so they had to use lawyer.
01:44:05 --> 01:44:06 [UNKNOWN]: Well, what lawyer could they use?
01:44:06 --> 01:44:10 [UNKNOWN]: Well, David Hutchinson became the guy who purchased the lands and did the real estate deals.
01:44:11 --> 01:44:11 [UNKNOWN]: They got it.
01:44:11 --> 01:44:18 [UNKNOWN]: To this day, that temple lot has three separate Mormon factions claiming that will they have the land that Jesus will step on.
01:44:18 --> 01:44:25 [UNKNOWN]: The official Latter Day Saints Church, the community of Christ temple, and the Church of Christ temple all three groups media in the same spot saying Jesus will return here.
01:44:28 --> 01:44:31 [UNKNOWN]: Now, the New Jersey, let me see in Revelation, except it's in Missouri for some reason.
01:44:32 --> 01:44:34 [UNKNOWN]: And all three of them are trying to own that spot.
01:44:34 --> 01:44:35 [UNKNOWN]: They built a giant spiral in temple there.
01:44:35 --> 01:44:38 [UNKNOWN]: I used to see it on my way to work sometimes, and it's a very unique spot.
01:44:38 --> 01:44:41 [UNKNOWN]: You can look it up on Google and see what it is if you've never seen it.
01:44:42 --> 01:44:46 [UNKNOWN]: With any year to moving to Missouri, things started to get bloody for the Missouri and for the Mormons.
01:44:46 --> 01:44:47 [UNKNOWN]: The Mormons did not like them.
01:44:47 --> 01:44:54 [UNKNOWN]: They grew to about a hundred, about a thousand people, taking up a third of the county and the people, were too friendly to Native American tribes.
01:44:54 --> 01:44:56 [UNKNOWN]: They didn't trust their Mormon visions.
01:44:57 --> 01:45:06 [UNKNOWN]: They had conflicting views of slavery and they didn't like that they didn't like slavery and they're in Missouri, the Missourians like slavery, and they came off creepy and Coltty, and that's just true.
01:45:06 --> 01:45:06 [UNKNOWN]: That was part of it.
01:45:07 --> 01:45:11 [UNKNOWN]: So the people of the county, the main county of Kansas City, kicked them out and sent them on their way.
01:45:11 --> 01:45:21 [UNKNOWN]: At first, the Mormons were kind of raided as they were kind of pushed out and eventually a Mormon historian described, and the Mormon historians are not the most trustworthy, but what we got here.
01:45:21 --> 01:45:30 [UNKNOWN]: In 1833, the leader of the community bogs, passively saw community leaders that official signed demands for more of a withdrawal, and, next, forced by gun, contracts to abandon the county.
01:45:31 --> 01:45:33 [UNKNOWN]: Anti-Mormon goals were reached in a few simple stages.
01:45:34 --> 01:45:38 [UNKNOWN]: They executed paralysis, executive paralysis, permitatirism, and the leaders were doing nothing.
01:45:39 --> 01:45:46 [UNKNOWN]: Which forced Mormons to self-defense, and whenever they did anything in self-defense, it was considered an insurrection, and the militia had to be called out to do with them.
01:45:46 --> 01:45:52 [UNKNOWN]: Once Mormons were disarmed, mount his claws, visit the Mormon settlements with threats and enough beatings and destruction and force him to flee.
01:45:53 --> 01:46:02 [UNKNOWN]: Now, we are no fans of Mormonism here on Revive Thought Survive Studios, but I find this interesting because this is the exact same strategy they're going to use on Kansas.
01:46:02 --> 01:46:03 [UNKNOWN]: They're going to attack you.
01:46:03 --> 01:46:04 [UNKNOWN]: They're going to harass you.
01:46:04 --> 01:46:06 [UNKNOWN]: They're going to pull the levers of power against you.
01:46:06 --> 01:46:10 [UNKNOWN]: And if you stand up to them, they're then going to point at you and go, oh, you're the bad guys.
01:46:10 --> 01:46:11 [UNKNOWN]: You're terrible.
01:46:11 --> 01:46:12 [UNKNOWN]: You're evil.
01:46:12 --> 01:46:15 [UNKNOWN]: The law and order lead needs to stop you and see exact same strategy.
01:46:16 --> 01:46:18 [UNKNOWN]: And interestingly, it was run by the exact same person.
01:46:23 --> 01:46:29 [UNKNOWN]: Well, 20 years later, put the exact same less than 20 years later, but the exact same strategy to use against Kansas.
01:46:30 --> 01:46:33 [UNKNOWN]: The menu attack, a Kansas, the leader of one, is the leader of the other.
01:46:34 --> 01:46:40 [UNKNOWN]: Now, things got so heated between the Mormons that eventually led to what is called the Mormon War of Missouri 1838.
01:46:40 --> 01:46:42 [UNKNOWN]: Did you know Missouri had its own war against Mormons?
01:46:43 --> 01:46:43 [UNKNOWN]: I did not.
01:46:44 --> 01:46:50 [UNKNOWN]: Anyway, as good as 1834, the Mormons attempted to retake their little land with a little group of armed people it failed.
01:46:50 --> 01:46:58 [UNKNOWN]: Satura failed, Missouri had to deal with them, so they found their own little county called Caldwell County, an actress and actually helped set it up.
01:46:58 --> 01:47:02 [UNKNOWN]: It became about 10 members and for a very brief time, the Mormons were safe.
01:47:02 --> 01:47:11 [UNKNOWN]: Quoting them, their own historians, friendship began to be restored between the Mormons and their neighbors, prejudices were dying away and everything was going well until the summer of 1838.
01:47:11 --> 01:47:18 [UNKNOWN]: According to their newspaper, they called the place far west and they started a new temple there, of course, because they can't have a Mormon settlement without a random Mormon temple.
01:47:19 --> 01:47:27 [UNKNOWN]: As the group from Ohio began to move in because they were getting kicked out of Ohio, Missouri felt they were breaking the compromise because people were spreading out of Codwell County.
01:47:27 --> 01:47:29 [UNKNOWN]: There wasn't enough room for them and they were starting to show up in other towns.
01:47:29 --> 01:47:34 [UNKNOWN]: The Mormons said, hey, these little bitty tiny groups of Mormons aren't breaking the compromise.
01:47:34 --> 01:47:38 [UNKNOWN]: We never said a Mormon would live not outside the county and there's just small little groups.
01:47:38 --> 01:47:39 [UNKNOWN]: They're not a big deal.
01:47:40 --> 01:47:40 [UNKNOWN]: It's okay.
01:47:41 --> 01:47:43 [UNKNOWN]: The Missourians on the other hand were like, hey, you're like 10 people strong.
01:47:43 --> 01:47:45 [UNKNOWN]: You're starting to spread out of the county that you said you
01:47:47 --> 01:47:51 [UNKNOWN]: At the same time, the Ohio and their Mormons were splitting the leadership.
01:47:51 --> 01:47:55 [UNKNOWN]: They came in and Joseph Smith and his group said, okay, Missouri Mormons, we're in charge now.
01:47:55 --> 01:47:57 [UNKNOWN]: Thanks for all your hard work here.
01:47:57 --> 01:48:01 [UNKNOWN]: And the people who moved to Missouri before were kind of like, hey, that's not fair.
01:48:01 --> 01:48:02 [UNKNOWN]: We settled this land.
01:48:02 --> 01:48:03 [UNKNOWN]: We bought the land.
01:48:03 --> 01:48:03 [UNKNOWN]: What are you doing?
01:48:04 --> 01:48:06 [UNKNOWN]: Well, the Joseph Smith Mormons.
01:48:06 --> 01:48:19 [UNKNOWN]: formed a group called the Danites, a military group, who said, we follow the president of Mormonism, that is Joseph Smith, quote writer wrong, and they threaten to attack and expel anybody who dissented against Joseph Smith's plan.
01:48:20 --> 01:48:22 [UNKNOWN]: Wow, look at that, the cult kind of active culty.
01:48:23 --> 01:48:25 [UNKNOWN]: and they would end up throwing out 70 different people.
01:48:26 --> 01:48:41 [UNKNOWN]: I'm sorry, 80 different people, which haste out of the county landowners who had made deals with David Acheson, were now out of their land and kicked out of their county and no longer had any, quote, depart or a more fatal calamity will befall you, said the day and night to them as they kicked them out.
01:48:41 --> 01:48:48 [UNKNOWN]: So, David Acheson who formed all these legal contracts with these guys now has 80 people who no longer had their land.
01:48:48 --> 01:48:49 [UNKNOWN]: As a completely different winged
01:48:53 --> 01:48:55 [UNKNOWN]: Can you see why tensions are about to get bad and why a war might happen?
01:48:56 --> 01:49:02 [UNKNOWN]: Things got even worse in the anti-mormous sentiments because they say, oh my gosh, they're becoming violent against themselves, what will they do to us?
01:49:03 --> 01:49:07 [UNKNOWN]: One of the leaders, the day I get this group of this military wing of the Mormons.
01:49:08 --> 01:49:15 [UNKNOWN]: gave a passionate speech and said, quote, and if a mob that comes onto us deserves us, it will be between us and them a war of extermination.
01:49:16 --> 01:49:20 [UNKNOWN]: For we will follow them until the last drop of their blood is spilled, or else they will have to exterminate us.
01:49:21 --> 01:49:26 [UNKNOWN]: For we will carry the seat of war to their own houses and their own families, and one party or the other will be utterly destroyed.
01:49:26 --> 01:49:28 [UNKNOWN]: Notice that word extermination.
01:49:28 --> 01:49:30 [UNKNOWN]: It will be very important later on, but keep that word in your mind.
01:49:31 --> 01:49:36 [UNKNOWN]: Just like in Kansas, there was a battle over elections, so in Missouri they had a battle of elections before hand with the Mormons.
01:49:37 --> 01:49:43 [UNKNOWN]: because you see the Mormons all came out to vote, and they wanted to vote for their candidates, but they were totally couldn't.
01:49:43 --> 01:49:46 [UNKNOWN]: The Miserians said, sorry, Mormons are the same as Black people.
01:49:46 --> 01:49:47 [UNKNOWN]: You can't vote.
01:49:47 --> 01:49:52 [UNKNOWN]: The Dan I send showed off and showed up at the polling places and scared off the Miserians.
01:49:52 --> 01:49:53 [UNKNOWN]: They might have been 200 of them.
01:49:53 --> 01:50:00 [UNKNOWN]: People there fighting basically over the polling booth kicked them out, and now the Mormons are voting, but they didn't think Mormons should be able to vote.
01:50:00 --> 01:50:01 [UNKNOWN]: This became a big issue.
01:50:02 --> 01:50:06 [UNKNOWN]: Then there was a mob that surrounded a judge's house, a Mormons, saying how dare you not let us vote?
01:50:06 --> 01:50:08 [UNKNOWN]: The judge's scared is what's going on.
01:50:08 --> 01:50:09 [UNKNOWN]: Well, the Missourians use this.
01:50:09 --> 01:50:10 [UNKNOWN]: Look at them.
01:50:10 --> 01:50:10 [UNKNOWN]: Their violent.
01:50:10 --> 01:50:11 [UNKNOWN]: The mob is out of control.
01:50:11 --> 01:50:13 [UNKNOWN]: The Mormons must be stopped.
01:50:13 --> 01:50:17 [UNKNOWN]: A nearby town to wit had a wealthy landowner who sold his land to Mormons.
01:50:18 --> 01:50:35 [UNKNOWN]: And as the Mormon started to move in, the Duitians, the people living there said, no way, we can't let Mormons in our town, and this led to a siege of the town of Duit, as the Mormons were trying to live there, and the town was being siege by other people, armed men attacked innocent Mormon people, women and children were killed, armed men with surround houses.
01:50:35 --> 01:50:39 [UNKNOWN]: At first, the Mormons tried to fight into it, but they eventually got starved and kicked out.
01:50:39 --> 01:50:43 [UNKNOWN]: And when they was in war, to the governor help, these guys are attacking us, he did nothing.
01:50:44 --> 01:50:56 [UNKNOWN]: They eventually tried to leave many children and died of illness on the travels as they were escaping to it to women on the first night died one died because she had been giving birth to a child and wasn't able to do so while it just wasn't able to happen and another one died of a cold
01:51:08 --> 01:51:10 [UNKNOWN]: but the governor did nothing to stop it.
01:51:11 --> 01:51:14 [UNKNOWN]: A lot of the vigilante attack attacks happening against the Mormons.
01:51:15 --> 01:51:16 [UNKNOWN]: It just weren't stopped.
01:51:16 --> 01:51:17 [UNKNOWN]: And so the Mormons decided, well you know what?
01:51:17 --> 01:51:19 [UNKNOWN]: If you're going to attack us, we will attack you back.
01:51:20 --> 01:51:23 [UNKNOWN]: And they built up a militia and they built up military units and began to protect themselves.
01:51:23 --> 01:51:30 [UNKNOWN]: And this led to them looking even more dangerous because one thing when the Mormons were occult, but now they're an armed cult with soldiers.
01:51:31 --> 01:51:36 [UNKNOWN]: And you can really see a parallel, what's happening in Kansas 20 years later happened before with the
01:51:37 --> 01:51:39 [UNKNOWN]: And the Mormons were effective in their counterattack.
01:51:40 --> 01:51:41 [UNKNOWN]: Here's a quote from one of the eyewitnesses.
01:51:41 --> 01:51:47 [UNKNOWN]: We could stand in our door and see houses burning every night for two weeks.
01:51:47 --> 01:51:49 [UNKNOWN]: The Mormons completely gathered at gutted the county.
01:51:50 --> 01:51:52 [UNKNOWN]: There was scarcity of Missourians homeless standing in the county.
01:51:52 --> 01:51:53 [UNKNOWN]: Nearly every home was burned.
01:51:54 --> 01:52:05 [UNKNOWN]: This led the mazerians shoved into the snow and winter's, shoving mazerians were being shoved by the Mormons into the wintery snow without any food in any houses and people died.
01:52:05 --> 01:52:10 [UNKNOWN]: Lots of infighting was also happening with the Mormons that day and nights in Joseph Smith, all these people trying to get control.
01:52:11 --> 01:52:14 [UNKNOWN]: Some felt they had to fight back or be exterminated.
01:52:14 --> 01:52:16 [UNKNOWN]: Others felt, you were hurting a bunch of innocent people.
01:52:16 --> 01:52:17 [UNKNOWN]: This was never going to work.
01:52:18 --> 01:52:28 [UNKNOWN]: An official militia became organized by David Acheson, the same guy who organized the militia against Kansas later on, and they went up to battle against the Mormons and they beat the Mormons pretty good.
01:52:28 --> 01:52:30 [UNKNOWN]: David Acheson thought the violence in the militia was just too far.
01:52:31 --> 01:52:36 [UNKNOWN]: He even said later on, the citizens of those counties raised a mob and the mob was brutal for two months against the Mormons.
01:52:37 --> 01:52:52 [UNKNOWN]: McGovernor was against the Mormons though and he must have another militia against them and he gave out an order order 44 And if you'd ever remember in Star Wars where the clone troopers turned on the Jedi, I think it's like episode three It's like execute order 66 right kill all the Jedi
01:52:52 --> 01:52:56 [UNKNOWN]: Well, that's basically what the governor said in executive order 44.
01:52:56 --> 01:52:57 [UNKNOWN]: Let me read the order.
01:52:57 --> 01:53:05 [UNKNOWN]: The Mormons must be treated as enemies and must be exterminated or driven from the state if necessary for public peace.
01:53:05 --> 01:53:07 [UNKNOWN]: Notice that word extermination.
01:53:07 --> 01:53:09 [UNKNOWN]: And then a massacre happened.
01:53:09 --> 01:53:12 [UNKNOWN]: And the people who did it actually probably never even got the order from the governor.
01:53:12 --> 01:53:14 [UNKNOWN]: They were just going to exterminate them anyway.
01:53:14 --> 01:53:15 [UNKNOWN]: And the order came afterwards.
01:53:16 --> 01:53:35 [UNKNOWN]: 250 men invaded that called well-county that far west area the Mormons were at they attacked a bunch of people 17 were killed many more were injured there was no evidence anybody in this group living in the county in Missouri had promised would be peaceful it was they they weren't doing anything they weren't a part of the militias they were just living their lives it's called a Hans Hill massacre because that was the name of the hill it happened on
01:53:36 --> 01:53:43 [UNKNOWN]: The militia sat surrounded far west and ordered the Mormons to surrender, sell their weapons and give up the land, Joseph Smith and the others surrendered.
01:53:44 --> 01:53:46 [UNKNOWN]: The general den gave a speech to the people that were fighting the Mormons.
01:53:46 --> 01:53:52 [UNKNOWN]: He said on the orders of the governor to me, where you should be exterminated and not allow to remain in this state.
01:53:52 --> 01:53:54 [UNKNOWN]: And had your leaders not given up.
01:53:55 --> 01:53:57 [UNKNOWN]: The terms of the treaty, you would all be dead right now.
01:53:57 --> 01:53:58 [UNKNOWN]: Your house is on fire and ashes.
01:54:00 --> 01:54:03 [UNKNOWN]: Once they had no more weapons, a young brigham young, that's kind of funny.
01:54:03 --> 01:54:11 [UNKNOWN]: Anyway, future Mormon leaders said, quote, they commenced their ravages by plundering the citizens of their beds or clothes, their money, every other thing they could put their hands on value.
01:54:12 --> 01:54:18 [UNKNOWN]: They attacked the chastity of our women, right in front of their husbands and their friends, under the pretense of hunting for prisoners and arms.
01:54:18 --> 01:54:22 [UNKNOWN]: The soldiers shop down our cows, our ox, our hogs, our birds, our own doors.
01:54:22 --> 01:54:24 [UNKNOWN]: They took apart and left us with nothing.
01:54:24 --> 01:54:26 [UNKNOWN]: Everything, only that could rot in the streets.
01:54:30 --> 01:54:35 [UNKNOWN]: General Lucas said to another General Tate just as myth in the prisoners to the public square and shoot them at an o'clock in the morning.
01:54:36 --> 01:54:38 [UNKNOWN]: But the general said, I will not follow that order.
01:54:38 --> 01:54:40 [UNKNOWN]: Donovan the general said, it is cold blood and murder.
01:54:40 --> 01:54:41 [UNKNOWN]: I will not obey it.
01:54:41 --> 01:54:43 [UNKNOWN]: My brigade will take them to Liberty tomorrow at 8 o'clock.
01:54:43 --> 01:54:47 [UNKNOWN]: And if you execute these men, I will hold you responsible on Earth so help me God.
01:54:48 --> 01:54:51 [UNKNOWN]: A little while later, in prison, Joseph Smith and many of them escaped.
01:54:51 --> 01:54:57 [UNKNOWN]: Some people believed he brides the guards, others that the governor actually wanted them to escape because he was getting a lot of bad press for how he was treating the Mormons.
01:54:58 --> 01:55:04 [UNKNOWN]: Either way, him, Joseph Smith, and 8 other Mormons, made their way for Illinois to try again.
01:55:04 --> 01:55:10 [UNKNOWN]: Not Vue Illinois, as the name of the city he would take over and rename not Vue for some reason again, the whole Indian they have with Mormonism.
01:55:11 --> 01:55:18 [UNKNOWN]: The sheriff that let them escape was driven around town by an iron bar and died of his injury, so they were still mad at him, they put an iron bar on him, dragged him to town and he died.
01:55:19 --> 01:55:25 [UNKNOWN]: Another officer was dragged through town by his hair, the Missourians hated these guys and were furious that Joseph Smith and the Mormons were getting away.
01:55:27 --> 01:55:32 [UNKNOWN]: The people of Illinois were horrified by the reports of the Mormon's beaten attack and robbed as they escaped Missouri.
01:55:32 --> 01:55:35 [UNKNOWN]: They put out a statement and said, Mormons are welcome to the town of Quincy.
01:55:35 --> 01:55:39 [UNKNOWN]: While Quincy, when Joseph Smith took it over, would get renamed to Navu.
01:55:39 --> 01:55:51 [UNKNOWN]: The Governor of Missouri and refusing to protect this class of people and press upon a heartless mob turning on them, a band of unprincipled militia with orders encouraging their extermination has brought a last in this race upon the state of Missouri.
01:55:52 --> 01:55:59 [UNKNOWN]: One critical Mormonism, a so-called, at how they retreated, he said, quote, Mormonism is an absolute evil, and monstrous evil.
01:55:59 --> 01:56:03 [UNKNOWN]: And the only place where it ever looked better than evil was when it was in front of the Missouri mob.
01:56:04 --> 01:56:06 [UNKNOWN]: In other words, Mormonism is terrible.
01:56:06 --> 01:56:09 [UNKNOWN]: The only thing that could make Mormonism look kind of okay is the Missouri mob.
01:56:11 --> 01:56:13 [UNKNOWN]: pretty rough stuff for the Merman Mormons.
01:56:13 --> 01:56:17 [UNKNOWN]: By the way a few years later, just kind of summarized what happened to them.
01:56:18 --> 01:56:23 [UNKNOWN]: It was a temple lot murder attempt that tried to shoot and killed the governor.
01:56:23 --> 01:56:25 [UNKNOWN]: They blamed the Mormons for that as well.
01:56:26 --> 01:56:28 [UNKNOWN]: But the guy who was arrested said, I never shot at them.
01:56:28 --> 01:56:30 [UNKNOWN]: If I had wanted to shoot him, he'd be dead wouldn't he?
01:56:30 --> 01:56:31 [UNKNOWN]: And that was actually enough.
01:56:31 --> 01:56:33 [UNKNOWN]: He got out of jail pretty much on that case.
01:56:33 --> 01:56:35 [UNKNOWN]: I'm a well-known good shot.
01:56:35 --> 01:56:36 [UNKNOWN]: If he wanted them dead, he'd be dead.
01:56:38 --> 01:56:41 [UNKNOWN]: Joseph Smith, so the governor didn't die.
01:56:41 --> 01:56:49 [UNKNOWN]: Just a Smith's new city of Navu and Illinois ended up leading to a mob as he kept getting multiple wives and eventually Joseph Smith had to leave Navu as well.
01:56:49 --> 01:56:50 [UNKNOWN]: But then he decided to know what?
01:56:51 --> 01:56:51 [UNKNOWN]: I'm tired of running.
01:56:51 --> 01:56:55 [UNKNOWN]: He went back to Navu to stand up to the mob and the mob of Illinois killed him.
01:56:56 --> 01:56:58 [UNKNOWN]: When that happened, the Mormons couldn't figure out what to do.
01:56:58 --> 01:57:04 [UNKNOWN]: They said they decided the problem, our leader is dead, and the problem is there's too many of us in one location.
01:57:04 --> 01:57:06 [UNKNOWN]: If we want Mormonism to survive, we need to split up.
01:57:06 --> 01:57:14 [UNKNOWN]: So some went north to Michigan, Pennsylvania, someone south to Texas, some stayed in Illinois, someone to Iowa, someone back to Missouri.
01:57:15 --> 01:57:25 [UNKNOWN]: And of course, famously, Brigham Young took a group to Utah, where the home and Mormonism today, some places like Salt Lake City are about 50% Mormon, some counties are well over 90% Mormon.
01:57:26 --> 01:57:32 [UNKNOWN]: Overall percentage is, according to the Church of Mormon, 62% with active membership in Utah about 42%.
01:57:33 --> 01:57:35 [UNKNOWN]: But still pretty weird stuff.
01:57:35 --> 01:57:43 [UNKNOWN]: And by the way, Joseph Smith's grandson, Joseph Smith, the third, stayed in Missouri and with that independence that timble lot over there in Kansas City.
01:57:44 --> 01:57:47 [UNKNOWN]: Now, you might be saying, why are you spending so much time talking about Mormons on an episode about Kansas?
01:57:47 --> 01:57:51 [UNKNOWN]: Well, A, Kansas City is in the border of this, so this is all happening in their world.
01:57:51 --> 01:58:02 [UNKNOWN]: But see, the other reason, I think it's pretty obvious that the strategy that was used on the Mormons was then turned on Kansas 20 years later, thereby the same man who got rid of the Mormons, David Acheson.
01:58:03 --> 01:58:07 [UNKNOWN]: attack and respond to all counter violence and accuse them of the violence instead.
01:58:07 --> 01:58:15 [UNKNOWN]: Break the wall because a lot of cover for you and then when throw the book at them for the smallest retaliation possible and after you do all of this you'll win.
01:58:16 --> 01:58:19 [UNKNOWN]: By the way, there is a direct political parallel people.
01:58:19 --> 01:58:22 [UNKNOWN]: This is happening and this happens in politics today too.
01:58:23 --> 01:58:27 [UNKNOWN]: After enduring all of this, David had to send one run for Congress multiple times.
01:58:27 --> 01:58:29 [UNKNOWN]: He had an odd distinction of being called President for a day.
01:58:30 --> 01:58:32 [UNKNOWN]: Some say this is nonsense, others swear by it.
01:58:33 --> 01:58:37 [UNKNOWN]: He became the President of the Senate, which is the third highest spot in U.S. government.
01:58:38 --> 01:58:41 [UNKNOWN]: Technically, the President dies Vice President at the Vice President dies.
01:58:41 --> 01:58:43 [UNKNOWN]: It becomes this guy, the President of the Senate.
01:58:43 --> 01:58:43 [UNKNOWN]: Well,
01:58:44 --> 01:58:54 [UNKNOWN]: In 1849, it was a Sunday, and the one presidency ended, and the other guy didn't want to get signed, didn't want to become president on a Sabbath, so he refused to get president on Sunday.
01:58:54 --> 01:58:56 [UNKNOWN]: He became president on that Monday.
01:58:56 --> 01:59:02 [UNKNOWN]: But that meant there's one day in between who was in charge of the country, who was the official president for that one day in between.
01:59:02 --> 01:59:04 [UNKNOWN]: Well, if it wasn't the president, it wasn't the vice president.
01:59:04 --> 01:59:06 [UNKNOWN]: The only person that could be, because they hadn't been sworn in yet.
01:59:07 --> 01:59:08 [UNKNOWN]: But the other guy had already been sworn out.
01:59:08 --> 01:59:12 [UNKNOWN]: There's only one person left, the president, pro-temporary, supposedly David Attchus and what
01:59:15 --> 01:59:28 [UNKNOWN]: It's just a little thing barely he David was asked that said I like I was never president for a day But he said, but if I was president I suppose I had the most honest administration the United States ever had get it because they were only present for a day They couldn't do anything
01:59:30 --> 01:59:47 [UNKNOWN]: However, don't give David Ashtus and too much credit for his good attitude on me in present it for a day, which is apparently I think on his tombstone too, because he was also the founder of those refians, who's stated purpose was, quote, to kill every gosh, darn, and I'm using the nice way of saying that abolitionist in the district.
01:59:48 --> 01:59:52 [UNKNOWN]: Now, we first brought up David Atchison because Charles Sumner, remember way back when I was bringing up Charles Sumner?
01:59:53 --> 02:00:13 [UNKNOWN]: Well, Charles Sumner mentioned him specifically in his speech and said that Senator that former Senator David Atchison is out of control in Kansas and he's currently raising an army out from Texas to attack Missouri and he quoted a false eyed witness of a general basically saying they stuffed the ballots, David Atchison is out of control, they're bringing weapons and cannons and all kinds of stuff to attack people.
02:00:13 --> 02:00:14 [UNKNOWN]: Our citizens
02:00:17 --> 02:00:18 [UNKNOWN]: on Lawrence.
02:00:19 --> 02:00:24 [UNKNOWN]: And the everyone in Kansas is out of safety because of the former Senator David Acheson.
02:00:26 --> 02:00:29 [UNKNOWN]: Sunder had no idea that at the exact same time he was giving the speech.
02:00:30 --> 02:00:35 [UNKNOWN]: David Acheson was about to give his own speech to encourage and we will look at his speech in just a moment.
02:00:35 --> 02:00:38 [UNKNOWN]: But Sunder quoted a Missouri roughie in there.
02:00:38 --> 02:00:40 [UNKNOWN]: He said, you know, these guys have no conscience.
02:00:40 --> 02:00:42 [UNKNOWN]: We will do anything to attack him.
02:00:42 --> 02:00:45 [UNKNOWN]: And this speech is brought
02:00:45 --> 02:00:57 [UNKNOWN]: before all of the people he quoted everything he is very long speech very interesting and he ends his speech saw some of their speech where he attacked the one guy for having a mistress he's attacking David Atchison for raising up an army and he ends it with this
02:01:00 --> 02:01:06 [UNKNOWN]: Let the voters everywhere while rejoicing in their own right to vote, help guard the equal rights of their citizens who may be far away.
02:01:06 --> 02:01:10 [UNKNOWN]: That the shrines of popular institutions now desecrated may become re-synchedified.
02:01:11 --> 02:01:13 [UNKNOWN]: The ballot box is implundered, but we can restore it.
02:01:13 --> 02:01:17 [UNKNOWN]: And that the cry I am an American citizen may not be sent in vain.
02:01:17 --> 02:01:18 [UNKNOWN]: I can see outrageous.
02:01:19 --> 02:01:21 [UNKNOWN]: I'm just regard for free labor in that territory.
02:01:21 --> 02:01:29 [UNKNOWN]: It was brought to blast by an unlawful association with slave labor, and Christian sympathy with the slave, whom it is proposed to task and sell there.
02:01:30 --> 02:01:33 [UNKNOWN]: And it's during the combination of the crime which has been consummated on that beautiful soil Kansas.
02:01:34 --> 02:01:38 [UNKNOWN]: and rescue a fellow citizen's now subjugated to a tyrannical power.
02:01:38 --> 02:01:42 [UNKNOWN]: And do the full respect for the early fathers whose inspirations are now ignobly thwarted.
02:01:42 --> 02:01:51 [UNKNOWN]: And the name of the Constitution, which has been outrage, of the laws trampled down of justice banished, of humanity graded, of peace destroyed, of freedom crushed on earth.
02:01:51 --> 02:01:57 [UNKNOWN]: And the name of our Heavenly Father, whose service is perfectly freedom, I make my final appeal.
02:01:59 --> 02:02:03 [UNKNOWN]: Charles Sumner's speech against David Acheson against that Senator made quite the stir.
02:02:04 --> 02:02:08 [UNKNOWN]: Now, it's important that the Senator had mocked that Congressman and had knocked others too.
02:02:08 --> 02:02:11 [UNKNOWN]: He had even mocked the Congressman who had had a stroke and couldn't speak well.
02:02:11 --> 02:02:14 [UNKNOWN]: Now, before you go, oh my gosh, I can't believe he would mock a guy with a stroke.
02:02:14 --> 02:02:18 [UNKNOWN]: He just basically said, he can't speak very well yet out of him flies evil.
02:02:19 --> 02:02:27 [UNKNOWN]: But before you think Sumner went too far, know that Sumner had been mocked by these guys on the other side, multiple times from the Senate, as well, mocking both sides was very common.
02:02:27 --> 02:02:29 [UNKNOWN]: And they had done the same kind of things for him.
02:02:29 --> 02:02:35 [UNKNOWN]: He was attacked and mocked by the very same Senator for the opposing the fugitive slave act among other things.
02:02:35 --> 02:02:36 [UNKNOWN]: So this was very important.
02:02:37 --> 02:02:43 [UNKNOWN]: And then the Southerners had regularly said Sumner only wants to protect these slave owners because he had a crush on Black women.
02:02:44 --> 02:02:45 [UNKNOWN]: And he did not say the words crush.
02:02:45 --> 02:02:48 [UNKNOWN]: And it was much more inappropriate but I'm not putting that on the show.
02:02:49 --> 02:02:51 [UNKNOWN]: Basically, Sumner wanted to help the slaves because he likes them.
02:02:51 --> 02:02:55 [UNKNOWN]: Now, Sumner's speech made, Southern is mad, especially those he mentioned in the speech.
02:02:56 --> 02:03:03 [UNKNOWN]: One of them wanted to challenge Sumner to a duel, but others talked him out of it saying, it's not worth your effort to fight a duel with Sumner.
02:03:04 --> 02:03:05 [UNKNOWN]: He's not worth your time, basically.
02:03:06 --> 02:03:13 [UNKNOWN]: Well, two days later, one congressman, the cousin of the guy that was called, who his mistress was called out, waited in the Senate.
02:03:13 --> 02:03:15 [UNKNOWN]: He waited for the ladies to clear the room.
02:03:15 --> 02:03:17 [UNKNOWN]: He didn't want the ladies to see what was about to happen.
02:03:17 --> 02:03:19 [UNKNOWN]: It would be improper.
02:03:19 --> 02:03:20 [UNKNOWN]: And that's me as one of the funniest things.
02:03:20 --> 02:03:22 [UNKNOWN]: It's guys about to do something pretty violent.
02:03:22 --> 02:03:23 [UNKNOWN]: But he didn't want a girl to see it.
02:03:23 --> 02:03:25 [UNKNOWN]: He had to be improper for a lady to see what's about to happen.
02:03:26 --> 02:03:31 [UNKNOWN]: And they went up to Mr. Sumner and said, Mr. Sumner, I've read your speech twice over carefully.
02:03:31 --> 02:03:36 [UNKNOWN]: It is liable on South Carolina, on Mr. Butler, who is a relative of mine.
02:03:36 --> 02:03:39 [UNKNOWN]: The congressman Brooks, then, calmly announced in a low voice.
02:03:40 --> 02:03:45 [UNKNOWN]: As Sumner began to stand up to make his appeal, Brooks then took his cane and severely beat him on the head.
02:03:45 --> 02:03:55 [UNKNOWN]: Right in the middle of the Senate floor, and Senator couldn't get to his feet, using the thick cane, this man beat him, even though on the tip of the cane was a golden head and he hit him with the golden head of the cane.
02:03:55 --> 02:03:58 [UNKNOWN]: The force of the blow so shocked, Senator, that he could not see.
02:03:58 --> 02:04:01 [UNKNOWN]: I no longer saw my assailant nor any other person or objects in the room.
02:04:01 --> 02:04:05 [UNKNOWN]: When I did afterwards was done unconsciously, I'm pure instinct of self-defense.
02:04:05 --> 02:04:11 [UNKNOWN]: Brooks continued to strike Sumner until Sumner road was rose to his feet, ripped the dash from the floor and an effort to try to hide under it.
02:04:12 --> 02:04:14 [UNKNOWN]: By this time, Sumner was blinded through his own blood.
02:04:14 --> 02:04:23 [UNKNOWN]: He staggered up the aisle, arms outstretched, vainly attempted to defend himself, but that made him even larger and easier target for Brooks, who continued to beat him across the face, the head, and the shoulders.
02:04:25 --> 02:04:27 [UNKNOWN]: to show him the full extent of my power, quote.
02:04:28 --> 02:04:43 [UNKNOWN]: Brooks did not stop when his cane snapped, he could need thrashing Sumner with a piece that held the golden head, Sumner stumbled and reeled convulsively, oh Lord, he would gasp Oh Lord, oh oh, near the end of the attack, Sumner collapsed unconscious until shortly before he succumbed, he bellowed like a calf according to Brooks.
02:04:44 --> 02:04:49 [UNKNOWN]: Brooks grabbed the following Sumner, held him by the lapel with one hand, and continued to hit him with the cane, holding him up.
02:04:49 --> 02:05:01 [UNKNOWN]: Some other sinners and it representatives attempt to help some of them, but were blocked by a friend of his who held a gun to the people who were there and said, let them be leave them alone, gosh darn you again not what he said, let them alone.
02:05:02 --> 02:05:04 [UNKNOWN]: It took several senators to stop him from killing Sumner.
02:05:05 --> 02:05:12 [UNKNOWN]: He and himself so hard, with one of his backswings against Sumner, he actually required medical attention for his hand from how hard he hit Sumner.
02:05:13 --> 02:05:14 [UNKNOWN]: Sumner recovered but was beaten terribly.
02:05:14 --> 02:05:26 [UNKNOWN]: The cane pieces were collected by Southern senators who wore them on their necks as chains around on their own chain to show their solidarity with Brooks, who boasted the pieces of my cane are being asked for a quote of sacred relics.
02:05:26 --> 02:05:29 [UNKNOWN]: The reaction in the north and south was polar opposite.
02:05:29 --> 02:05:33 [UNKNOWN]: Brooks, the guy who had held the gun up and the guy ended the beating was held as a hero.
02:05:34 --> 02:05:35 [UNKNOWN]: And some knew it was considered a murder.
02:05:35 --> 02:05:38 [UNKNOWN]: The Cincinnati Gazette said the South cannot tolerate free speech anywhere.
02:05:39 --> 02:05:46 [UNKNOWN]: It was stifled even in Washington and would beat and use the knife now in Kansas with mass occur in murder and here in Washington with the cane.
02:05:46 --> 02:05:48 [UNKNOWN]: Notice the inclusion by the way with Kansas.
02:05:49 --> 02:05:54 [UNKNOWN]: New York evening post said, has it come to this that we must speak with baited breath in the presence of our southern masters?
02:05:54 --> 02:05:57 [UNKNOWN]: Are we going to be beaten like they beat their slaves?
02:05:57 --> 02:05:58 [UNKNOWN]: Are we two now their slaves?
02:05:58 --> 02:06:02 [UNKNOWN]: And are they able to be beaten at any time when we don't act the way they wish us to?
02:06:03 --> 02:06:04 [UNKNOWN]: Man, that is a tough line for the news.
02:06:04 --> 02:06:05 [UNKNOWN]: There we go after them.
02:06:05 --> 02:06:08 [UNKNOWN]: Thousands attended rallies in the north and response for Sumner.
02:06:08 --> 02:06:12 [UNKNOWN]: This led to the speech that he gave that crime against Kansas became mass produced everywhere.
02:06:12 --> 02:06:15 [UNKNOWN]: Over a million people read it and now learned about what was happening in Kansas.
02:06:16 --> 02:06:22 [UNKNOWN]: On top of that, many black people wrote letters to Sumner saying they appreciated him for taking a beating for them that they saw him as kind of one of their own now.
02:06:22 --> 02:06:23 [UNKNOWN]: He was beloved.
02:06:23 --> 02:06:29 [UNKNOWN]: Sumner took three years ago to fully recover from the beating and he would have terrible headaches and migraines for the rest of his life.
02:06:29 --> 02:06:35 [UNKNOWN]: This other is accused of a faking his injuries and they would go on to say a cane could never hurt though him the way Sumner claimed it did.
02:06:35 --> 02:06:45 [UNKNOWN]: The Southwood respond by praising Brooks, all the Yorkville choir said South Carolina is proud of her son today, that he has shown a willingness to avenge her when she is at Hads or Honor insulted.
02:06:46 --> 02:06:50 [UNKNOWN]: Hundreds of canes were mailed to Brooks, and some of them had the inscription hit him another time for us.
02:06:51 --> 02:06:52 [UNKNOWN]: The Northerners were mad at him, though.
02:06:53 --> 02:06:57 [UNKNOWN]: The Brooks got challenged to duals all across the North, but he would not go saying it was unsafe for me to travel to.
02:06:57 --> 02:07:00 [UNKNOWN]: I would do the dual, but it would be unsafe for me to travel there.
02:07:01 --> 02:07:05 [UNKNOWN]: This was a saga that went on for months and years, a big celebrity back and forth kind of thing.
02:07:05 --> 02:07:08 [UNKNOWN]: One of those hot drama, gossip kind of things developed around it.
02:07:09 --> 02:07:19 [UNKNOWN]: Brooks was forced to step down to a special election to see if he should continue serving his term and he was convicted guilty and then served no prison time, the judge on him off.
02:07:20 --> 02:07:23 [UNKNOWN]: And then the special election overwhelmingly put him back in office.
02:07:23 --> 02:07:24 [UNKNOWN]: Everyone liked what he did in the South.
02:07:24 --> 02:07:25 [UNKNOWN]: So I wouldn't they elect him again.
02:07:26 --> 02:07:30 [UNKNOWN]: And the main thing to tell the gun to people also had a special election, he too was overwhelmingly voted for.
02:07:30 --> 02:07:32 [UNKNOWN]: The South by vote said, we like what you did.
02:07:32 --> 02:07:35 [UNKNOWN]: Your violence was protecting Southern honor.
02:07:35 --> 02:07:36 [UNKNOWN]: The incident on the other hand.
02:07:38 --> 02:07:42 [UNKNOWN]: did not go over well for them in terms of Democrat popularity at the national stage.
02:07:43 --> 02:07:57 [UNKNOWN]: And it would be one of the things that the Republicans, a newly founded party, had just been founded in 1854, the Republican Party, replacing the Wigs and the National and all those other parties, and it was founded with the idea of stopping slavery from bleeding into Kansas as it were.
02:07:58 --> 02:08:03 [UNKNOWN]: And they use this as a great fundraising campaign to all against the Southern Democrats.
02:08:03 --> 02:08:05 [UNKNOWN]: Look, these guys cannot be trusted.
02:08:05 --> 02:08:09 [UNKNOWN]: If you don't give us money and Republicans, elect Republicans, slavery will become the way of the land.
02:08:11 --> 02:08:16 [UNKNOWN]: The next incident that would happen would come up and all of this has to do with that John Brown guy.
02:08:16 --> 02:08:16 [UNKNOWN]: We're getting there.
02:08:17 --> 02:08:24 [UNKNOWN]: Historically speaking, all of this really helped the Republican Party get its kind of momentum underneath it and they would point to bleeding Kansas and bleeding Sumner.
02:08:25 --> 02:08:37 [UNKNOWN]: So let's get over then back to bleeding Kansas because two days after Sumner speech, two miles outside of Lawrence, Kansas, Aschison, the guy who was called out the guy who helped fight the Mormons, the guy who was the president for a day, was about to give a speech of his own.
02:08:38 --> 02:08:49 [UNKNOWN]: And his speech, he had no idea about the Senator's speech, news hadn't reached him of that, but a future Lieutenant Governor of Kansas, who was prisoner at the time, had been captured by the border Reffians, would overhear the speech and write down on the piece of paper.
02:08:50 --> 02:08:52 [UNKNOWN]: And here is how the speech that he gave go.
02:08:52 --> 02:08:57 [UNKNOWN]: The counter speech of Charles Senator being given to a bunch of border Reffians right before they attack Kansas.
02:08:57 --> 02:09:01 [UNKNOWN]: Sounds like this, and I must confess, I cannot say every word in the speech.
02:09:01 --> 02:09:02 [UNKNOWN]: There's a lot of not good words in the speech.
02:09:04 --> 02:09:10 [UNKNOWN]: Gentlemen, officers and soldiers, and there's lots of yelling, and mixed in this, so to say, yells, yells, people are cheering.
02:09:11 --> 02:09:13 [UNKNOWN]: This is the most glorious day of my life.
02:09:13 --> 02:09:15 [UNKNOWN]: This is the day I am a border-refiant.
02:09:16 --> 02:09:19 [UNKNOWN]: The US martial has just given you his orders, and is kindly invited me to address you.
02:09:19 --> 02:09:28 [UNKNOWN]: For this invitation, coming from no less than the US authority, I thank him sincerely, and now allow me and true border-refiant style to extend to you the right hand of fellowship.
02:09:28 --> 02:09:32 [UNKNOWN]: Minnesota South, I greet you as border-refiant brothers, yells, yells, yells, waving the hats.
02:09:32 --> 02:09:37 [UNKNOWN]: Though I have seen more years than most of you, I am yet young and the glorious cause you have made me home with.
02:09:37 --> 02:09:41 [UNKNOWN]: Boys, I am one of your number today and today you have a glorious duty to perform you.
02:09:41 --> 02:09:45 [UNKNOWN]: Today you will earn the laurels that will ever show you to be the true sons and nobles of the south.
02:09:45 --> 02:09:48 [UNKNOWN]: You have endured hardships, suffered deprivation to get here.
02:09:48 --> 02:09:51 [UNKNOWN]: But for this you will be compensated by the work we do.
02:09:51 --> 02:09:54 [UNKNOWN]: And now know that what is to be done is at the program of the day.
02:09:54 --> 02:09:55 [UNKNOWN]: Now boys let your work be done well.
02:09:56 --> 02:10:05 [UNKNOWN]: Faint not as you approach the city of Lawrence, remember your mission and act with true Southern heroism at the word, spring-like bloodhounds upon that not good word, a cursed abolition hole.
02:10:05 --> 02:10:08 [UNKNOWN]: Break through everything that may oppose your never-flinching courage.
02:10:08 --> 02:10:13 [UNKNOWN]: Yes, you Reffians, draw your revolvers, get out your bowie-nise, and cool them in the blood.
02:10:14 --> 02:10:37 [UNKNOWN]: tear down their boasted hotels and tear down their their pressy presses let none of them escape do what the sheriff tells you for today mr. Jones is not just a sheriff he is the leader of the marshal the commander in the general and we will stop it you will be paid for what you do yes i know and i'm skipping down here we'll every one of you swear to bathe your steel and black blood at some of the yeah i mean that's it's not good there's a lot of lace racist lines here
02:10:38 --> 02:10:39 [UNKNOWN]: Yes, I know you will.
02:10:39 --> 02:10:45 [UNKNOWN]: The South has always proved itself ready for honorable fight and you who are noble sires on and on he goes here.
02:10:46 --> 02:10:49 [UNKNOWN]: He calls an immigrant aid people, all kinds of things.
02:10:49 --> 02:10:51 [UNKNOWN]: I, you can't repeat half this speech.
02:10:51 --> 02:10:55 [UNKNOWN]: If I were to read this speech or if I was to just probably cancel, it's bad.
02:10:56 --> 02:10:57 [UNKNOWN]: it's really bad.
02:10:57 --> 02:11:07 [UNKNOWN]: Yes, these gosh darn sons of darned Puritan stock will learn their fate and they may go home and tell their cowardly friends what they say here.
02:11:07 --> 02:11:10 [UNKNOWN]: I care not what these abolitioners prisoners say.
02:11:10 --> 02:11:12 [UNKNOWN]: I defy and darn them all to hell.
02:11:13 --> 02:11:17 [UNKNOWN]: Yes, that large red flag denotes our purpose to press the matter to blood.
02:11:18 --> 02:11:21 [UNKNOWN]: The large lone whites are thus the confederate flag there they were using.
02:11:23 --> 02:11:25 [UNKNOWN]: and a bunch of other words, and a bunch of other bad things.
02:11:25 --> 02:11:35 [UNKNOWN]: So the speech ends, and assisting completing, and overthrowing the party, the hellish party, and then crushing out the last sign of the darn abolitionism and the territory of Kansas.
02:11:35 --> 02:11:43 [UNKNOWN]: You see, even in a speech, he's attacking the Puritan stock, the new Englanders, those people who had come over, he's calling out how he wants to see black blood.
02:11:44 --> 02:11:47 [UNKNOWN]: And this is a long speech, I'm only giving you part of it, but you can see,
02:11:47 --> 02:11:53 [UNKNOWN]: just the utter violence that is driving in the, and the, and the Christian battleground that is attacking here.
02:11:54 --> 02:11:57 [UNKNOWN]: It is absolutely wild to me.
02:11:57 --> 02:12:01 [UNKNOWN]: A speech like that could be given by Americans, let alone the way they're talking.
02:12:02 --> 02:12:12 [UNKNOWN]: Twelve-hundred-prosely-beam-resurance, materials, camped outside of Lawrence, conditions were, quote, right for conflict when the, when the sheriff Samuel Jones, the same sheriff that is mentioned here, he was attacked.
02:12:13 --> 02:12:15 [UNKNOWN]: Um, by a free stator.
02:12:15 --> 02:12:17 [UNKNOWN]: And they saw this is the Miller.
02:12:17 --> 02:12:20 [UNKNOWN]: Remember, if the free stators do anything violent, you attack them back just as hard.
02:12:20 --> 02:12:22 [UNKNOWN]: This was the dynamite they had been waiting for.
02:12:22 --> 02:12:24 [UNKNOWN]: Just like the Mormon, now they could take advantage.
02:12:24 --> 02:12:25 [UNKNOWN]: You attacked us.
02:12:25 --> 02:12:26 [UNKNOWN]: We can attack you.
02:12:26 --> 02:12:29 [UNKNOWN]: They came over with their thousand men in stolen camin cannon.
02:12:29 --> 02:12:37 [UNKNOWN]: And they were going to arrest every anti-slavery opponent, destroy their pests and burn their buildings and keep Lawrence from ever talking about freedom and Kansas again.
02:12:37 --> 02:12:41 [UNKNOWN]: for a say arrested all the anti-slavery opponent leaders and sealed the excess in the town.
02:12:41 --> 02:12:48 [UNKNOWN]: Trying to help keep the peace Lawrence asked how they could end this without blood chef, and the sheriff said if everyone in Lawrence gives up their weapons, we'll leave.
02:12:48 --> 02:12:52 [UNKNOWN]: Well, that wasn't going to happen because the parent of people who Lawrence believed the guns were the only thing keeping them from getting killed.
02:12:53 --> 02:12:57 [UNKNOWN]: Not to mention, even if they left, the roughy and still rated Kansas, and now they wouldn't have guns to stop them.
02:12:57 --> 02:12:59 [UNKNOWN]: The leader of the city offered the refing group the cannon.
02:12:59 --> 02:13:01 [UNKNOWN]: We'll give you our cannon, is that work?
02:13:01 --> 02:13:10 [UNKNOWN]: They took the cannon, but then turned the cannon on them and used it instead to blast apart the free state hotel, the hotel of Lawrence where free stateers would come on their way to do work.
02:13:10 --> 02:13:11 [UNKNOWN]: They often end meetings there.
02:13:11 --> 02:13:12 [UNKNOWN]: They blew it up with a cannon.
02:13:13 --> 02:13:27 [UNKNOWN]: Then a slow release, pro-slavery force targeted Lawrence's anti-slavery newspapers, including raising a banner with southern rites and scribed on one side, and South Carolina on the other side, a prop that printing presses, one was called the Herald of Freedom.
02:13:27 --> 02:13:30 [UNKNOWN]: The printing presses were then taken and thrown into the Kansas River.
02:13:31 --> 02:13:39 [UNKNOWN]: The Free State Hotel, which had been the meeting place of the anti-slavery group, was now the military and the military fortress stayed high up on the past, now was destroyed.
02:13:39 --> 02:13:42 [UNKNOWN]: Built by the immigrant aid society, the Stonehiltel was blown up.
02:13:42 --> 02:13:49 [UNKNOWN]: Attackers also directed violence and robbery against the homes of prominent abolitionists, the crowd then dispersed, most returned back to their homes in Missouri.
02:13:50 --> 02:13:55 [UNKNOWN]: For all this destruction, the only person killed was one of the pro-slavery men a guy hit by a falling brick from the hotel.
02:13:56 --> 02:13:58 [UNKNOWN]: but they still managed to loot the town and cause a bunch of damage.
02:13:59 --> 02:14:03 [UNKNOWN]: The attack happened on May 21st, 1886, and some say this is the first battle of the civil war.
02:14:03 --> 02:14:04 [UNKNOWN]: You see that a lot here.
02:14:05 --> 02:14:06 [UNKNOWN]: It certainly made things worse.
02:14:07 --> 02:14:11 [UNKNOWN]: A day or one of those missionaries we mentioned a while back, lived 45 miles outside of Lawrence and he wrote in a letter.
02:14:12 --> 02:14:17 [UNKNOWN]: I have now to say that Lawrence has taken the hotel destroyed, Governor Robinson's and the others as houses were burned.
02:14:17 --> 02:14:23 [UNKNOWN]: The press has been destroyed, all done by Missouri and Alabama's Georgians and others who are in this militia that is attacking us.
02:14:23 --> 02:14:29 [UNKNOWN]: For some days previous to the taking of Lawrence, these desks brought us or scouring the country, plundering and murdering those they found.
02:14:29 --> 02:14:31 [UNKNOWN]: These are a few of the facts that are transpiring.
02:14:31 --> 02:14:33 [UNKNOWN]: You may well suppose that many here on our deeply alarmed.
02:14:34 --> 02:14:35 [UNKNOWN]: For my part, I do not feel very much moved.
02:14:36 --> 02:14:38 [UNKNOWN]: I have been expecting this and even worse it's going to happen.
02:14:38 --> 02:14:42 [UNKNOWN]: Bird and other machinery lived near Lawrence said, Robinson and Brown are in peril of their lives.
02:14:42 --> 02:14:44 [UNKNOWN]: I should not be surprised to hear their execution.
02:14:44 --> 02:14:45 [UNKNOWN]: I'm mobbed by the powers.
02:14:45 --> 02:14:47 [UNKNOWN]: The whole power of the general government is on the side of the oppressors.
02:14:47 --> 02:14:50 [UNKNOWN]: There is no alternative here, except for war or slavery.
02:14:50 --> 02:14:54 [UNKNOWN]: Justice must be handed with a strong firm hand, or these people will triumph.
02:14:54 --> 02:14:58 [UNKNOWN]: Interestingly, the Brown he is referring to is John Brown, the subject of a lot here.
02:15:00 --> 02:15:03 [UNKNOWN]: What it lacked in live's loss it did to damage the morale to the movement.
02:15:03 --> 02:15:09 [UNKNOWN]: They didn't have another free newspaper come until November, several months later, and it wouldn't get up and going for six months.
02:15:09 --> 02:15:14 [UNKNOWN]: That meant six months of no communication from abolitionists to their people, no ability to get news out.
02:15:15 --> 02:15:18 [UNKNOWN]: And back in those days, if you didn't have a newspaper, you didn't have anything.
02:15:18 --> 02:15:19 [UNKNOWN]: And so for six months they were silenced.
02:15:20 --> 02:15:25 [UNKNOWN]: The newspapers that were in town left, one was completely destroyed, just couldn't get back up out of the street.
02:15:26 --> 02:15:29 [UNKNOWN]: And the other one got the message loud and clear, they weren't safe and they weren't welcome.
02:15:29 --> 02:15:31 [UNKNOWN]: They also no longer had their can into defend themselves.
02:15:32 --> 02:15:33 [UNKNOWN]: And this was a situation.
02:15:33 --> 02:15:41 [UNKNOWN]: Up until this point in the story, every single time the fight went down, Kansas didn't do anything but defend themselves and Missouri attacked and attacked and attacked.
02:15:43 --> 02:15:48 [UNKNOWN]: But things are about to change because one person was sick of the Missouri aggression.
02:15:48 --> 02:15:57 [UNKNOWN]: One person was tired of being under attack and one man named John Brown had decided I'm going to start taking matters into my own hands.
02:15:58 --> 02:16:01 [UNKNOWN]: John Brown responded to the May siege at the following phrase.
02:16:01 --> 02:16:03 [UNKNOWN]: These men are all talk, but what we need is action.
02:16:04 --> 02:16:05 [UNKNOWN]: Action against them.
02:16:05 --> 02:16:08 [UNKNOWN]: John Brown was the grandson of revolutionary war soldiers on both sides of the family.
02:16:09 --> 02:16:21 [UNKNOWN]: John claimed his family is poor, but respectable at some point in Ohio, owned a business, he employed, and his father had employed the future president of the United States Ulysses, as current.
02:16:21 --> 02:16:25 [UNKNOWN]: So I mean, they were important enough to have future presidents work for them, or at least
02:16:27 --> 02:16:32 [UNKNOWN]: They were always political supporters of abolitionism and bleeding armed resistance by the slaves of the South was acceptable.
02:16:32 --> 02:16:33 [UNKNOWN]: The whole family did.
02:16:34 --> 02:16:37 [UNKNOWN]: They were connected to the same Oberlin we'd mentioned the missionaries were from.
02:16:37 --> 02:16:42 [UNKNOWN]: And in fact John Brown's father was a trustee of Oberlin and helped the underground railroad that was in Ohio.
02:16:43 --> 02:16:46 [UNKNOWN]: At eight John Brown's mother died and he wrote in his journal that he mourned his mother for years.
02:16:47 --> 02:16:52 [UNKNOWN]: And even though his dad had remarried he just the new wife was never connected to him like his mom was understandably I think.
02:16:53 --> 02:16:54 [UNKNOWN]: John had an interesting life.
02:16:54 --> 02:17:01 [UNKNOWN]: He never got educated officially beyond elementary school, but at one point his family had him study at the school of the father of the man who would invent life insurance.
02:17:01 --> 02:17:03 [UNKNOWN]: So getting a lot of important fathers up men here.
02:17:04 --> 02:17:07 [UNKNOWN]: The man who invented life insurance while his dad was John Brown's tutor.
02:17:07 --> 02:17:08 [UNKNOWN]: So he got it.
02:17:08 --> 02:17:12 [UNKNOWN]: I mean, the premier mathematician there must have gotten some good education.
02:17:12 --> 02:17:16 [UNKNOWN]: Then later on at 12, John Brown ran away from home and worked as a cattle boy.
02:17:16 --> 02:17:21 [UNKNOWN]: And when he was there, he saw a slave beaten with a shovel by a slave master and the guy nearly died.
02:17:21 --> 02:17:24 [UNKNOWN]: He said that was the moment he decided I want to be an abolitionist.
02:17:24 --> 02:17:25 [UNKNOWN]: I want to stop slavery.
02:17:26 --> 02:17:30 [UNKNOWN]: He also regularly went out with local Indian tribes and even learned to speak their languages on their hunt.
02:17:31 --> 02:17:32 [UNKNOWN]: So, interesting guy.
02:17:33 --> 02:17:41 [UNKNOWN]: He originally felt called to be a gospel minister, but when he went to live with his mother and lost relatives to Massachusetts to study, he had inflammation as eyes.
02:17:41 --> 02:17:42 [UNKNOWN]: He couldn't read properly.
02:17:42 --> 02:17:45 [UNKNOWN]: He wasn't able to study theology as eyes wouldn't let him literally get sick.
02:17:46 --> 02:17:52 [UNKNOWN]: So that's when he decided instead, he married this woman and he went on his poor wife of his Diane.
02:17:52 --> 02:17:52 [UNKNOWN]: Can I read it?
02:17:52 --> 02:17:54 [UNKNOWN]: This was a scripture, guys.
02:17:54 --> 02:17:55 [UNKNOWN]: Guys, don't tell your wife this.
02:17:56 --> 02:18:04 [UNKNOWN]: I don't ever call her quote a remarkably plain, but neat, industrious, economical girl of excellent character earned his piety in practical common sense.
02:18:04 --> 02:18:10 [UNKNOWN]: You can call her full of practical common sense all day guys, but if you call her remarkably plain, she won't hear anything else.
02:18:11 --> 02:18:12 [UNKNOWN]: Good call me.
02:18:13 --> 02:18:19 [UNKNOWN]: They would go on to have seven children together during 12 years of marriage, so I mean, you know, not so remarkably plain, you couldn't have children with her.
02:18:20 --> 02:18:24 [UNKNOWN]: John Brown knew the Bible very well, and could catch even slight errors from people quoted the Bible.
02:18:25 --> 02:18:34 [UNKNOWN]: His other favorite books were Plutarch's parallel eyes and anything on the life of Napoleon or Oliver Cromwell, he had a huge library because he had always heard successful men had big libraries.
02:18:35 --> 02:18:44 [UNKNOWN]: Despite a successful business, he felt called to help in slavery, so he moved to Pennsylvania and set up an underground railroad station there to get slaves that were coming in from wagons and get them on to New York.
02:18:44 --> 02:18:49 [UNKNOWN]: He was very successful at this, but eventually his first swite died and he made another woman together at 13 children.
02:18:49 --> 02:18:51 [UNKNOWN]: We don't know she was remarkably plain or not.
02:18:51 --> 02:18:57 [UNKNOWN]: and seven of these sons would join their dad and his life-long goal of abolitionism and join him in what's going to happen next.
02:18:57 --> 02:19:00 [UNKNOWN]: He lived in Pennsylvania for 10 years longer than anywhere else he would live.
02:19:00 --> 02:19:04 [UNKNOWN]: He eventually got sick and the business kind of fell apart in Pennsylvania, so then he went to Ohio.
02:19:04 --> 02:19:06 [UNKNOWN]: There he tossed on his school for a time.
02:19:06 --> 02:19:14 [UNKNOWN]: He ran a business, it went, one point had a lot of money, but then the bank panic of 1837, the same one that pushed Joseph Smith out, kind of crashed his business,
02:19:14 --> 02:19:17 [UNKNOWN]: And from there, he really kind of stumbled around with jobs for a while.
02:19:17 --> 02:19:20 [UNKNOWN]: Eventually, he would publish newspapers to this.
02:19:20 --> 02:19:23 [UNKNOWN]: Eventually, he heard some people talking about abolitionism and against slavery.
02:19:23 --> 02:19:26 [UNKNOWN]: And then, it was a newspaper seller who was against it, not murdered for it.
02:19:26 --> 02:19:32 [UNKNOWN]: And this led to John Brown going out to the town square kind of publicly declaring, and I don't know if the murder even happened in his town.
02:19:32 --> 02:19:33 [UNKNOWN]: He just heard about he said, you know what?
02:19:33 --> 02:19:38 [UNKNOWN]: Here, before God and the presence of these slavery's, I now concentrate my life to the destruction of slavery.
02:19:39 --> 02:19:45 [UNKNOWN]: I searched at the time, had a rule that black people could come to church, but they had to sit in the balconies away from the white congregants.
02:19:45 --> 02:19:53 [UNKNOWN]: And John Brown invited one of the black people to sit with him in the pew, and when he kind of brought him over a peek in chastise, I'm going to say, hey, this is against the rules.
02:19:54 --> 02:19:55 [UNKNOWN]: And this led to him getting kicked out of the church.
02:19:55 --> 02:19:58 [UNKNOWN]: John Brown was like, I don't believe black people should be forced to sit somewhere else.
02:19:59 --> 02:20:00 [UNKNOWN]: And he got kicked out of the church for it and he didn't care.
02:20:02 --> 02:20:04 [UNKNOWN]: The next couple years were not good to him.
02:20:04 --> 02:20:06 [UNKNOWN]: He tried to start a business, it kind of fell apart.
02:20:06 --> 02:20:12 [UNKNOWN]: At one point, he tried to breed horses, but he realized they were being sold to racers who cruelly beat the horses.
02:20:12 --> 02:20:13 [UNKNOWN]: And so he didn't want to sell the horses to them.
02:20:14 --> 02:20:14 [UNKNOWN]: He had to go bankrupt.
02:20:15 --> 02:20:17 [UNKNOWN]: And in the next year, three of his children will die of dysentery.
02:20:17 --> 02:20:23 [UNKNOWN]: Probably partially caused by the fact that they were so poor because of his bad businesses, which was probably very hard for him.
02:20:24 --> 02:20:26 [UNKNOWN]: I'm not probably, it would definitely be very hard for him.
02:20:26 --> 02:20:29 [UNKNOWN]: He initially got his feedback under him and moved to Massachusetts.
02:20:30 --> 02:20:32 [UNKNOWN]: There he helped found a city that was anti-slavery.
02:20:33 --> 02:20:35 [UNKNOWN]: Oh, he found a city, sorry, he was a found, I was like, what?
02:20:35 --> 02:20:38 [UNKNOWN]: He found it was a part of a group of people that really anti-slavery like him.
02:20:38 --> 02:20:41 [UNKNOWN]: And he met Frederick Douglass, the famous abolitionist speaker.
02:20:42 --> 02:20:45 [UNKNOWN]: When Frederick Douglass met with him, they stayed up all night talking about slavery.
02:20:46 --> 02:20:50 [UNKNOWN]: And for John Brown, he made a friend, it was a great moment, and Frederick Douglass considered him a friend too.
02:20:51 --> 02:21:03 [UNKNOWN]: But in his diary, Frederick Douglass said, quote, from the night I spent with John Brown and Springfield, Massachusetts in 1847, I continued to speak in right against slavery, but I could became less hopeful from that point on that it could be peacefully abolished.
02:21:03 --> 02:21:08 [UNKNOWN]: So something about spending time with John Brown made him think that violence was the only answer to the end of slavery.
02:21:10 --> 02:21:10 [UNKNOWN]: I don't know what he learned from him.
02:21:11 --> 02:21:16 [UNKNOWN]: Before we left Springfield, he helped found the League of Gileadites, and Springfield, Missouri, or Springfield, Massachusetts.
02:21:17 --> 02:21:24 [UNKNOWN]: They were slave catchers, but go back up into the north, and catch slaves, and bring them back as runaway slaves, and there were bounties in the system.
02:21:24 --> 02:21:27 [UNKNOWN]: And the Gileadites, the League of Gileadites, would fight back.
02:21:27 --> 02:21:31 [UNKNOWN]: It was a group that was going to save slaves to keep them from being re-hunted and recaptured.
02:21:32 --> 02:21:36 [UNKNOWN]: And they were quick, if they had three rules, be quick, be quiet, be efficient.
02:21:37 --> 02:21:38 [UNKNOWN]: It was very effective.
02:21:38 --> 02:21:43 [UNKNOWN]: From the point of the League of Galilee atites coming into the area, not one more slave was stolen back.
02:21:43 --> 02:21:45 [UNKNOWN]: Before that, in that area, 50 of them had been stolen back.
02:21:46 --> 02:21:50 [UNKNOWN]: After the League of Galilee atites, not one was stolen back, the southerners couldn't bring them back over.
02:21:51 --> 02:21:55 [UNKNOWN]: As things came up in 1855 in Kansas and Missouri, five of John Suns moved to Kansas to be part of it.
02:21:56 --> 02:22:06 [UNKNOWN]: They knew the important for what was happening in Kansas, and so John followed with two more Suns arriving just in time in Kansas, the lagging full of guns and ammunition, ready to do their part right when they arrived in Lawrence, steering that time.
02:22:06 --> 02:22:12 [UNKNOWN]: and he met his hasister and a missionary from O'erland, the guy, a dare that we've been quoting throughout the episode.
02:22:13 --> 02:22:17 [UNKNOWN]: News of the beating of Sumner had just reached Kansas, and John Brown was just done.
02:22:17 --> 02:22:20 [UNKNOWN]: After what happened in Lawrence's siege, after what happened to the hotel.
02:22:20 --> 02:22:23 [UNKNOWN]: After what happened to Charles Sumner, he just couldn't take it anymore.
02:22:24 --> 02:22:30 [UNKNOWN]: So he, his sons, and three associates attacked three cabins of pro-slavery men at night and murdered five different men.
02:22:31 --> 02:22:39 [UNKNOWN]: At one cabin they told them to come out and then brown shot them in the head, and two sons stabbed the older sons of swords only letting the youngest son live because he was 16 years old.
02:22:39 --> 02:22:46 [UNKNOWN]: After attacking cabins they came across a group of men, they questioned them on their views, and when they were decided that they weren't at Lawrence, they let them live.
02:22:46 --> 02:22:48 [UNKNOWN]: but they didn't like one man's answers.
02:22:48 --> 02:22:51 [UNKNOWN]: They thought he was at Lawrence a part of the border roughings, so they killed him.
02:22:51 --> 02:22:55 [UNKNOWN]: But they let the others live and said, you weren't a part of it, you're not border roughings, we won't deal with you.
02:22:55 --> 02:23:00 [UNKNOWN]: At first, friends of Brown and East of America, the people back in Massachusetts and Pennsylvania, they denied this.
02:23:00 --> 02:23:01 [UNKNOWN]: There's no way Brown would do this.
02:23:01 --> 02:23:02 [UNKNOWN]: He's a good game.
02:23:02 --> 02:23:03 [UNKNOWN]: This is slander.
02:23:04 --> 02:23:06 [UNKNOWN]: But a personal brown, a friend of brown later confirmed.
02:23:06 --> 02:23:07 [UNKNOWN]: Yep, this is brown.
02:23:07 --> 02:23:08 [UNKNOWN]: He led these attacks.
02:23:08 --> 02:23:12 [UNKNOWN]: Frederick Douglass later said, quote, this is a terrible cure for a terrible illness.
02:23:13 --> 02:23:23 [UNKNOWN]: In Kansas, it was said by historian, the news of the horrid affair spread rapidly over the territory, carrying with it a thrill of horror, such as the people who used that they had become the deeds of murder had not felt before.
02:23:23 --> 02:23:32 [UNKNOWN]: The news of the event had a deep significance in a appeared abstract, and meant that the policy of extermination of attack could happen to the pro-slavers as well.
02:23:33 --> 02:23:39 [UNKNOWN]: Drive out, burn and kill, and that Potawatomi Creek was to be cleared of every man woman in child who was 4 cans of being a free state.
02:23:40 --> 02:23:46 [UNKNOWN]: This is the Potawatomi massacre, and it goes in the history as the first time the Kansas really fought back.
02:23:46 --> 02:23:50 [UNKNOWN]: Some saw this as an ultimate horror, innocent people attacked and killed.
02:23:50 --> 02:23:52 [UNKNOWN]: Others saw Brown as doing what had to be done.
02:23:53 --> 02:23:57 [UNKNOWN]: Some saw him as a head of his time, going after the South is what after all would become in a civil war.
02:23:58 --> 02:24:02 [UNKNOWN]: The governor of Kansas said one is known as such threats for as plentiful as blueberries in June.
02:24:03 --> 02:24:11 [UNKNOWN]: On both sides of the territory, a record is no more important than idle when this indictment will hardly justify midnight assassinations of pro-slavery men, whether they made threats or not.
02:24:11 --> 02:24:14 [UNKNOWN]: Basically, hey, these misoherians and people have been making threats left and right.
02:24:14 --> 02:24:17 [UNKNOWN]: You can't just kill them and assassinate them and they're sleep.
02:24:17 --> 02:24:21 [UNKNOWN]: Had all of them been killed in Kansas who indulged in these threats, there would be none left to bury all the dead.
02:24:22 --> 02:24:25 [UNKNOWN]: So if we murdered everybody who threatened us, there wouldn't be anybody.
02:24:25 --> 02:24:38 [UNKNOWN]: But he also said that the attack had put a chilled effect on the slavers that the slavers realized, hey, the free-staters in Kansas outnumber us probably by four to one and all the fake elections don't hide that.
02:24:39 --> 02:24:46 [UNKNOWN]: And if more people start to act like John Brown, we're going to a lot of trouble because there's a lot more of them in Kansas than there is of us.
02:24:46 --> 02:24:51 [UNKNOWN]: We've been expecting and fighting with the Freestators being nice, rolling over, defending themselves.
02:24:52 --> 02:24:55 [UNKNOWN]: What happens if the Freestators all start to act like John Brown?
02:24:55 --> 02:24:56 [UNKNOWN]: What becomes of us?
02:24:57 --> 02:25:01 [UNKNOWN]: The killings of Potawatomi had the effect of a clap of thunder from a clear sky.
02:25:01 --> 02:25:03 [UNKNOWN]: The slave men were shocked.
02:25:03 --> 02:25:07 [UNKNOWN]: The officials were frightened that this new move on the part of the subdued quiet freemen.
02:25:07 --> 02:25:09 [UNKNOWN]: This was a warfare they were not expecting.
02:25:10 --> 02:25:14 [UNKNOWN]: As the bonafide settlers, there were four freemen to one slave man.
02:25:14 --> 02:25:22 [UNKNOWN]: If this becomes violent, if we're no longer playing nice of sieges of Lawrence or leading to murders in the night, there's going to be a lot more slave people murdered than freones.
02:25:25 --> 02:25:33 [UNKNOWN]: Another Senator of the Palo Anami Masker said, I did not know a single settler in 1856 who regarded it as among one of the most fortunate events in the history of Kansas.
02:25:34 --> 02:25:39 [UNKNOWN]: It saved more lives and more free statement and that creek from those men dying than anyone else.
02:25:39 --> 02:25:40 [UNKNOWN]: We looked upon it as deliverance.
02:25:42 --> 02:25:44 [UNKNOWN]: So was it good to kill innocent men when they slept?
02:25:44 --> 02:25:44 [UNKNOWN]: No.
02:25:45 --> 02:25:47 [UNKNOWN]: But what if they weren't innocent men in the first place?
02:25:48 --> 02:25:51 [UNKNOWN]: What if these were border roughions that weren't getting any justice?
02:25:51 --> 02:25:55 [UNKNOWN]: They attacked and killed and siege, left and right, and no one was doing anything.
02:25:55 --> 02:26:01 [UNKNOWN]: The sheriff was on their side and arrested a friend instead of the murder just a year before.
02:26:01 --> 02:26:05 [UNKNOWN]: Is it innocent if people take it into their own hands and fight back?
02:26:05 --> 02:26:12 [UNKNOWN]: Minuit attacked and the law was ignoring it now and they had fear and that fear was causing the violence maybe to go backwards.
02:26:12 --> 02:26:14 [UNKNOWN]: But what does the violence become more formal?
02:26:14 --> 02:26:22 [UNKNOWN]: Since both sides were now scared of being attacked in the night, both sides formed patrols, both sides formed militia, and those militia was sometimes run into each other.
02:26:23 --> 02:26:31 [UNKNOWN]: About a week later, the battle of Blackjack occurred, and won't go in exhaustive details of every battle, but basically a pro slave group attacked and captured some of Brown's sons.
02:26:31 --> 02:26:34 [UNKNOWN]: Brown's group attacked their camp back, took their leader in many men captive.
02:26:35 --> 02:26:38 [UNKNOWN]: The town they fought over no longer even exists today, it's just gone in history.
02:26:38 --> 02:26:39 [UNKNOWN]: You could go drive by an old broken downtown.
02:26:40 --> 02:26:42 [UNKNOWN]: This was one of the few battles Brown and his men fought.
02:26:42 --> 02:26:44 [UNKNOWN]: We're only one of a few battles they fought that summer.
02:26:44 --> 02:26:47 [UNKNOWN]: He believed he was, quote, doing God's surface protecting the people.
02:26:48 --> 02:26:53 [UNKNOWN]: He believed he was quote an instrument of God raised to strike quote the death blow against slavery and a secret obligation of them.
02:26:54 --> 02:26:57 [UNKNOWN]: He was following Christian ethics, including the golden rule.
02:26:57 --> 02:27:00 [UNKNOWN]: And the declaration of the independence states that all men are created equal.
02:27:00 --> 02:27:03 [UNKNOWN]: He stated that his view of the two principles meant the same thing.
02:27:03 --> 02:27:04 [UNKNOWN]: Basically, if they attack us, we attack them.
02:27:05 --> 02:27:06 [UNKNOWN]: We're going to free the slaves no matter what.
02:27:07 --> 02:27:13 [UNKNOWN]: Back in force, all summer long led to a group of 300 resilience coming to destroy free state settlements of Topika and Lawrence.
02:27:13 --> 02:27:17 [UNKNOWN]: Yet again, the Missouri Inter- like we're under attack, let's co-burn down Lawrence.
02:27:17 --> 02:27:20 [UNKNOWN]: On August 30th, they began a battle that was called Osawaami Kansas.
02:27:20 --> 02:27:22 [UNKNOWN]: By the way, if you're wondering why these names are so interesting,
02:27:23 --> 02:27:26 [UNKNOWN]: Many of these names come from the tribes there first.
02:27:26 --> 02:27:27 [UNKNOWN]: They gave the first names to these places.
02:27:28 --> 02:27:33 [UNKNOWN]: This attack, an Osawatami, led to Brown's own son dying, one of his many sons there.
02:27:34 --> 02:27:40 [UNKNOWN]: Although outnumbered seven to one, his men fought well and scattered the pro-slavery army and only lost a few of them as they retreated, including Brown's son.
02:27:41 --> 02:27:43 [UNKNOWN]: The pro-slavery's burned down the town of Osawatami afterwards.
02:27:44 --> 02:27:49 [UNKNOWN]: Brown had taken to the quote, Brown had taken the prairie for guerrilla warfare against the mazerians and southern invaders of Kansas.
02:27:50 --> 02:27:54 [UNKNOWN]: This was the closest to a defense the free settlers had was John Brown and his group.
02:27:54 --> 02:27:57 [UNKNOWN]: And even though they were outnumbered, they were small and kind of like a terrorist guerrilla
02:27:58 --> 02:27:59 [UNKNOWN]: they were working.
02:28:00 --> 02:28:04 [UNKNOWN]: He made it to Lawrence on September 7th, a week later, the third siege of Lawrence begins.
02:28:05 --> 02:28:09 [UNKNOWN]: The biggest one yet, 3 men came from the border to attack Lawrence.
02:28:10 --> 02:28:16 [UNKNOWN]: Now, John Brown had never been a trained in warfare, yet he successfully engaged in guerrilla warfare and avoided capture for months against them.
02:28:16 --> 02:28:18 [UNKNOWN]: He had addressed the 300 men.
02:28:18 --> 02:28:23 [UNKNOWN]: He gave his own speech kind of similar to Atticens, but I don't want to block out so many words here.
02:28:24 --> 02:28:31 [UNKNOWN]: And before the skirmish overlorns began, he said, gentlemen, it is said there are 2 Missorians coming from Franklin and they will be here in two hours.
02:28:31 --> 02:28:34 [UNKNOWN]: You can foresee yourselves the smoke they are setting at fire right now.
02:28:34 --> 02:28:38 [UNKNOWN]: Now as probably the last opportunity you will have to see a fight so that you would better do your best.
02:28:38 --> 02:28:42 [UNKNOWN]: They should come and attack us, don't yell and don't make noise but remain perfectly silent and still.
02:28:43 --> 02:28:45 [UNKNOWN]: wait till they are within 25 yards of you.
02:28:45 --> 02:28:46 [UNKNOWN]: Get a good side on them.
02:28:46 --> 02:28:47 [UNKNOWN]: Be sure you see the hindsight of your gun.
02:28:48 --> 02:28:48 [UNKNOWN]: Then fire.
02:28:49 --> 02:28:50 [UNKNOWN]: A great deal of powder and lead.
02:28:50 --> 02:28:52 [UNKNOWN]: And very precious time is wasted when you shoot too high.
02:28:53 --> 02:28:55 [UNKNOWN]: You better aim at their legs than you will end up hitting them in the head.
02:28:55 --> 02:28:58 [UNKNOWN]: In either case, be sure of your hindsight on your guns.
02:28:58 --> 02:29:01 [UNKNOWN]: It is from neglect of this that I myself have so many times escaped.
02:29:01 --> 02:29:05 [UNKNOWN]: For a vulnerable incident have been aimed at me at hit, I would be as full of holes as a as a sieve.
02:29:05 --> 02:29:09 [UNKNOWN]: Basically what you drop stuff through your like a flower greener basically.
02:29:09 --> 02:29:11 [UNKNOWN]: In other words, the only reason I'm not dead is because these
02:29:14 --> 02:29:18 [UNKNOWN]: A much nicer speech, I think, uh, Mr. Brown gives them the one that Acheson gave.
02:29:20 --> 02:29:24 [UNKNOWN]: The Governor called the Army in and Siege ended before it could escalate on a full war like last time.
02:29:24 --> 02:29:26 [UNKNOWN]: 300 soldiers and artillery helped bring it to an end.
02:29:27 --> 02:29:29 [UNKNOWN]: The Governor was on the ball this time and took care of it.
02:29:29 --> 02:29:34 [UNKNOWN]: This was the last time Missouri would fight directly with Kansas despite all the Reffian skimishes until the Civil War.
02:29:35 --> 02:29:40 [UNKNOWN]: The bloody Kansas moment had ended, even though at least 200 men had died across the state.
02:29:40 --> 02:29:45 [UNKNOWN]: But a federal warrant went out for Brown's arrest, and it was sent for a brown head to be careful where he went and hit.
02:29:45 --> 02:29:47 [UNKNOWN]: But even though he was wanted, he seemed to make his way around.
02:29:48 --> 02:29:52 [UNKNOWN]: He eventually got back to some land he had set up in New York, which was for slaves to live on, to be free.
02:29:52 --> 02:29:55 [UNKNOWN]: He called it Tim Buck II, because back then that was the middle of nowhere.
02:29:55 --> 02:29:56 [UNKNOWN]: And so he lived there for a little while.
02:29:57 --> 02:29:59 [UNKNOWN]: One of his biographers set up Brown.
02:29:59 --> 02:30:03 [UNKNOWN]: For 30 years, he has secretly cherished the idea of being the leader of a slave insurrection.
02:30:03 --> 02:30:09 [UNKNOWN]: The American Moses predestined by all omnipotence to itself to lead the servants and slaves of the southern states to freedom.
02:30:10 --> 02:30:21 [UNKNOWN]: In acquaintance of Brown said, as Moses was raised up and chosen by God, to deliver the children of Israel of Egypt, so he was fully convinced in his own mind that he was the instrument by God to do the same for the emancipation of the slaves in his time.
02:30:22 --> 02:30:24 [UNKNOWN]: So Brown, John Brown began a plan to end slavery.
02:30:24 --> 02:30:26 [UNKNOWN]: He fundraised openly for his plan.
02:30:26 --> 02:30:26 [UNKNOWN]: He was secret about it.
02:30:27 --> 02:30:32 [UNKNOWN]: First, he needed a lot of money and got $1 million from an African-American entrepreneur gave him a million bucks.
02:30:32 --> 02:30:35 [UNKNOWN]: He'd breached it stops on the local Underground Railroad, while he fundraised.
02:30:35 --> 02:30:40 [UNKNOWN]: He met famous men, such as Henry David Thorough, about the plans he had, but he also had to be careful because he wasn't one in man.
02:30:41 --> 02:30:42 [UNKNOWN]: He had six big investors.
02:30:42 --> 02:30:43 [UNKNOWN]: He called them the Secret Six.
02:30:46 --> 02:30:47 [UNKNOWN]: What was his plan?
02:30:48 --> 02:30:53 [UNKNOWN]: A few mint quote, a few mint in the right place and knowing that they are right can overturn a mighty king.
02:30:53 --> 02:30:58 [UNKNOWN]: 50 mint, even 20 mint in the right mountains could break slavery to pieces in just two years.
02:30:59 --> 02:31:02 [UNKNOWN]: He made up with Frederick Douglass, told him his plans, or at least some of it.
02:31:02 --> 02:31:05 [UNKNOWN]: He then grew a beard to change his appearance, so the warrant wouldn't find him.
02:31:06 --> 02:31:09 [UNKNOWN]: And he then set out to do, quote, Kansas Work in Virginia.
02:31:10 --> 02:31:10 [UNKNOWN]: So what was his plan?
02:31:11 --> 02:31:14 [UNKNOWN]: Well, you need to get enough weapons and men to start a battle to free slaves across the south.
02:31:14 --> 02:31:22 [UNKNOWN]: He believed once the fighting started, if they were armed slaves, which would join them in overthrowing slavery, very similar to all of the other slavery roles we've been hearing about back with Nat Turner.
02:31:23 --> 02:31:27 [UNKNOWN]: And 1858, he brought together as men from Kansas, and Iowa to prepare for an attack on Virginia.
02:31:29 --> 02:31:37 [UNKNOWN]: On December 20, 1858, though, he went and did a raid in Resurian, instead, and freed several slaves on different farms, and brought them over and helped get them on their way to Kansas.
02:31:37 --> 02:31:48 [UNKNOWN]: Brown is company-free to 11-side Africans, and by the time there's 11-side Africans moved to the Underground Railroad, and made it to Kansas, there were 12 of them, because Narcissa Daniels, one of the group, was pregnant and gave birth to a son.
02:31:48 --> 02:31:51 [UNKNOWN]: She named her son after her hero, John Brown.
02:31:51 --> 02:31:55 [UNKNOWN]: On January 14, the group arrived safely, in Lawrence, seeking refuge with some of the people there.
02:31:56 --> 02:32:01 [UNKNOWN]: Was this a practice run, or did he just see a need on a plantation and couldn't help himself and went to help?
02:32:01 --> 02:32:06 [UNKNOWN]: Either way, 12 people who were slaves were now free in living in Kansas because of what Brown did.
02:32:06 --> 02:32:11 [UNKNOWN]: In 1859, he attacked on October 16th of that year, the real plan.
02:32:11 --> 02:32:12 [UNKNOWN]: What was this plan?
02:32:12 --> 02:32:16 [UNKNOWN]: Harper's Fairy Virginia had a large arsenal and a rifle making factory as a part of the town.
02:32:16 --> 02:32:25 [UNKNOWN]: He believed he could catch the factory, grab the arsenal full of guns, he could free the slames, arm them, and then get the weapons moving across the south and bleed a giant
02:32:26 --> 02:32:26 [UNKNOWN]: he was organized too.
02:32:27 --> 02:32:32 [UNKNOWN]: When they got there, they cut telegraph fires, they entered the town, and they knew there was very little resistance.
02:32:32 --> 02:32:35 [UNKNOWN]: The army had one guard at it, so they took it very easily.
02:32:36 --> 02:32:37 [UNKNOWN]: However, they made an early mistake.
02:32:37 --> 02:32:39 [UNKNOWN]: I'm going to take that costume everything very quickly.
02:32:40 --> 02:32:43 [UNKNOWN]: When they took the train station, they allowed the train to keep moving.
02:32:43 --> 02:32:47 [UNKNOWN]: They didn't know what to do, so they said go on, but please don't tell us what we're doing here.
02:32:47 --> 02:32:52 [UNKNOWN]: Well, as soon as the conductor got to the next train stop, he sent a telegram straight to the governor of Virginia,
02:32:55 --> 02:33:06 [UNKNOWN]: By the morning of October 18, less than two days later, he was surrounded in the kernel of Virginia's military, the future of the general of the Confederacy Robert E. Lee was one of the men helping to take him down.
02:33:06 --> 02:33:08 [UNKNOWN]: Brown and the men fought back and asked a surrender.
02:33:09 --> 02:33:12 [UNKNOWN]: And when they were asked a surrender, Brown said he'd prefer to die.
02:33:12 --> 02:33:12 [UNKNOWN]: He did not die.
02:33:13 --> 02:33:16 [UNKNOWN]: He was taking a life, but all of his sons but one did die there.
02:33:16 --> 02:33:18 [UNKNOWN]: Some men escaped and were later recaptured.
02:33:18 --> 02:33:19 [UNKNOWN]: Others died fighting.
02:33:19 --> 02:33:20 [UNKNOWN]: Others were executed at trial.
02:33:21 --> 02:33:30 [UNKNOWN]: When questioned, Brown admitted that blacks and whites didn't support his plan as he had hoped when he thought, bringing them weapons, they all revolt, they didn't just like all the other slave revolts.
02:33:31 --> 02:33:34 [UNKNOWN]: After a week-long trial, Brown is executed for treason.
02:33:34 --> 02:33:37 [UNKNOWN]: The first case of execution by treason in American history.
02:33:37 --> 02:33:41 [UNKNOWN]: It became the first national reporter trial, and also it was telegraphed by reporters across the country.
02:33:42 --> 02:33:43 [UNKNOWN]: And this news went international.
02:33:43 --> 02:33:44 [UNKNOWN]: It was going to other countries as well.
02:33:45 --> 02:33:47 [UNKNOWN]: For the first time people could hear what was happening because of the
02:33:48 --> 02:33:52 [UNKNOWN]: Brown's men had made several plans to rescue Brown during his trips to the courthouse to the jail.
02:33:52 --> 02:33:57 [UNKNOWN]: Constant militias had to watch over and all over town were strangers, many of which were John Brown's men.
02:33:58 --> 02:34:00 [UNKNOWN]: They knew he was under heavy guard, but they had a plan.
02:34:00 --> 02:34:02 [UNKNOWN]: One of his friends, literally this is like a plot from a movie.
02:34:03 --> 02:34:05 [UNKNOWN]: One of his friends got drunk and got himself arrested for drunken conduct.
02:34:06 --> 02:34:10 [UNKNOWN]: When he got put into the jailhouse, he leaned over to Brown and said, hey, I'm not drunk, I'm pretending.
02:34:10 --> 02:34:13 [UNKNOWN]: We're here to rescue you, we have a guy, we can get you out right now.
02:34:14 --> 02:34:16 [UNKNOWN]: and John Brown said no, just like in the movie.
02:34:16 --> 02:34:17 [UNKNOWN]: He said no.
02:34:17 --> 02:34:20 [UNKNOWN]: He believed dying a martyr's death would do more than if he were to live.
02:34:20 --> 02:34:23 [UNKNOWN]: He said, I need to die to help in slavery.
02:34:23 --> 02:34:27 [UNKNOWN]: He wrote a letter to his kids and why I say my blood will do so much more to advance the cause.
02:34:27 --> 02:34:30 [UNKNOWN]: I've earnestly endeavored to promote that all that I have done up until now.
02:34:30 --> 02:34:33 [UNKNOWN]: I am worth and can see we'll be more if I hang than if I do anything else.
02:34:34 --> 02:34:47 [UNKNOWN]: Victor Hugo, the author of the Hunchback of Notre-Dame and Lay Mis, and Exile on the Isle of Gurney, said it was so unfair to kill Brown, purred politically speaking the murder of drown, Brown would be an unpractical sin, it would create meaning a latent fissure that would in the long run dislocate it.
02:34:47 --> 02:34:53 [UNKNOWN]: Brown's agony might perhaps consolidate slavery in Virginia, but it would certainly shake the whole American democracy.
02:34:53 --> 02:34:55 [UNKNOWN]: You save your shame but you kill your glory.
02:34:55 --> 02:35:01 [UNKNOWN]: Morely speaking, it seems a part of the human light would put itself out that very notion of justice and injustice.
02:35:02 --> 02:35:08 [UNKNOWN]: would hide itself in darkness on that day where one would see the assassination of a emancipation by liberty itself.
02:35:09 --> 02:35:10 [UNKNOWN]: Whew, strong words there.
02:35:11 --> 02:35:16 [UNKNOWN]: This letter became widely distributed in London and drew a lot of international attention and pressure over the issue of slavery.
02:35:16 --> 02:35:17 [UNKNOWN]: He was led out on a coffin.
02:35:17 --> 02:35:23 [UNKNOWN]: They rode him out on a wagon with a coffin underneath him and led out to the gallows surrounded by 2 soldiers.
02:35:23 --> 02:35:24 [UNKNOWN]: His final words.
02:35:25 --> 02:35:30 [UNKNOWN]: I, John Brown, am now quite certain that the crimes of the guilty land will not be purged away, and less by blood.
02:35:31 --> 02:35:35 [UNKNOWN]: I had, as I now think, and vaguely flattered, that without much blood it could have been done.
02:35:36 --> 02:35:46 [UNKNOWN]: In attendance were the soldiers that would be famous in the Civil War, Robert E. Lee was there, Stonewall Jackson was there, and the future assassin of Abraham Lincoln, John Wilkes Booth was there.
02:35:46 --> 02:35:50 [UNKNOWN]: On the pro abolition side of man, Edmund Ruffin was also there, he would be the one
02:35:54 --> 02:36:00 [UNKNOWN]: When John Brown was headed to the gallows, he refused to minister, because he thought the most complete fearlessness must be seen in me.
02:36:00 --> 02:36:02 [UNKNOWN]: I was not afraid of death for this.
02:36:03 --> 02:36:07 [UNKNOWN]: The South feared that there would be hundreds and thousands of future Browns, John Browns, they said.
02:36:07 --> 02:36:15 [UNKNOWN]: As the future competitor at President Jefferson said, to them this felt like the first of many future attacks to prepare, they began to create militias.
02:36:15 --> 02:36:19 [UNKNOWN]: Each state created militias and prepared themselves for warfare to fight future John Browns.
02:36:20 --> 02:36:24 [UNKNOWN]: In two years when the civil war started, these militias they had created would become the Confederate Army.
02:36:25 --> 02:36:30 [UNKNOWN]: And that way John Brown had caused a real escalation, similar to the one that he had caused in Kansas.
02:36:31 --> 02:36:33 [UNKNOWN]: Now both sides feared what the other did would do.
02:36:33 --> 02:36:39 [UNKNOWN]: But unlike the peaceful resolution that was happening in Kansas for a time, he had escalated to war.
02:36:40 --> 02:36:46 [UNKNOWN]: Democrats called all this theatrical out kind of quote the black Republican party if you let the Republicans get away with it.
02:36:46 --> 02:36:48 [UNKNOWN]: This is exactly what they'll do that kill us all.
02:36:48 --> 02:36:50 [UNKNOWN]: Republicans push themselves away from Brown.
02:36:50 --> 02:36:51 [UNKNOWN]: They try to moderate.
02:36:51 --> 02:36:52 [UNKNOWN]: Hey, think about bleeding cans.
02:36:52 --> 02:36:54 [UNKNOWN]: It's hey, think about bleeding some nerd.
02:36:54 --> 02:36:55 [UNKNOWN]: John Brown, you know, we don't know him.
02:36:55 --> 02:36:58 [UNKNOWN]: Don't don't don't put the violence on us, basically.
02:36:58 --> 02:37:02 [UNKNOWN]: they were able to focus the attention away from Brown in time for the 1860 election.
02:37:03 --> 02:37:08 [UNKNOWN]: The Democrats had instead used this moment to rally them in the 1860 election, so you have to vote for us.
02:37:09 --> 02:37:10 [UNKNOWN]: If you don't vote for us, John Browns will be everywhere.
02:37:11 --> 02:37:12 [UNKNOWN]: The South will be under attack.
02:37:12 --> 02:37:13 [UNKNOWN]: All of this will fall.
02:37:14 --> 02:37:24 [UNKNOWN]: In the 1860, the American people chose the Republican Party with the first Republican president Abraham Lincoln, and thus the Civil War was well on the path to happening.
02:37:25 --> 02:37:30 [UNKNOWN]: The pretty Democrats have said, if you don't vote for us, the John Brown activities would get even worse.
02:37:30 --> 02:37:37 [UNKNOWN]: And when 1860 happened, it was only a few months later when the Democrats broke away, fearful of more John Brown like attacks.
02:37:38 --> 02:37:45 [UNKNOWN]: As one historian put it this way, Harpy's very, Harpy's fairy, the attack he had done, succeeded brilliantly.
02:37:45 --> 02:37:48 [UNKNOWN]: It did everything it could to light the match of the Civil War.
02:37:48 --> 02:37:52 [UNKNOWN]: John Brown's hope of ending slavery in some ways, so it's realized his martyrdom had helped.
02:37:52 --> 02:37:57 [UNKNOWN]: Frederick Douglass had a brown his seal in the cost from my way, who my race was greater than my own.
02:37:57 --> 02:37:59 [UNKNOWN]: It was as the burning sun to my own candlelight.
02:37:59 --> 02:38:03 [UNKNOWN]: Mine was bounded by time, but his was stretched on to the shores of eternity.
02:38:03 --> 02:38:06 [UNKNOWN]: I could live for the slaves, but he was dying for them.
02:38:07 --> 02:38:12 [UNKNOWN]: It was said that from 1859 to 1865 Brown was the most famous man in all of America until John looks booth.
02:38:12 --> 02:38:13 [UNKNOWN]: Everyone had opinions on him.
02:38:13 --> 02:38:15 [UNKNOWN]: Was he a martyr like he was in the scene in the south?
02:38:16 --> 02:38:18 [UNKNOWN]: Was he a rebel like a martyr like he was seen in the north?
02:38:18 --> 02:38:19 [UNKNOWN]: Was he a rebel in the south?
02:38:20 --> 02:38:23 [UNKNOWN]: Many of the north said John Brown just did what our grandfather did during the Revolutionary War.
02:38:23 --> 02:38:24 [UNKNOWN]: He's a hero.
02:38:24 --> 02:38:26 [UNKNOWN]: Many others said no, no, no.
02:38:26 --> 02:38:27 [UNKNOWN]: He was a violent criminal thug.
02:38:28 --> 02:38:34 [UNKNOWN]: When asked about Brown, Lincoln said that he showed great courage and rare unselfishness but he couldn't support violence.
02:38:35 --> 02:38:36 [UNKNOWN]: Even the him and the battle are public.
02:38:36 --> 02:38:38 [UNKNOWN]: I got a very important song in America's history.
02:38:39 --> 02:38:40 [UNKNOWN]: Glory, glory, hallelujah.
02:38:40 --> 02:38:45 [UNKNOWN]: If you know that line from the song, it's actually tongue taken not from that song.
02:38:45 --> 02:38:48 [UNKNOWN]: But it was adapted from an earlier song called Charm Brown's Body.
02:38:49 --> 02:38:58 [UNKNOWN]: where it seems about John Brown's body was a marching song in the Civil War, your marching marching for John Brown's body, glory, glory, hallelujah, you'd see him again basically.
02:38:58 --> 02:39:05 [UNKNOWN]: A friend and rich abolitionist set up Brown if I asked to point out in the man, and all this world I think most likely and truly to be a Christian, I would point them to John Brown.
02:39:06 --> 02:39:19 [UNKNOWN]: was he a religious cult leader like Nat Turner was he a true Christian like that man said I let you the audience decide I did a lot of research for this episode as you can tell we spent a lot of time just now talking about John Brown and
02:39:21 --> 02:39:27 [UNKNOWN]: I still know there are very firm opinions of people who think, no, no, no, you're gonna, you're telling this story wrong, you miss this part.
02:39:27 --> 02:39:33 [UNKNOWN]: And like our show Christian or not, I say, I'll let you tell me what you think because I gotta be honest, you look like a decent guy to me.
02:39:33 --> 02:39:36 [UNKNOWN]: I look, I emphasize with him, at least.
02:39:38 --> 02:39:40 [UNKNOWN]: Well, a new governor was sent to deal with Kansas.
02:39:41 --> 02:39:43 [UNKNOWN]: Jack Sony and Democrat, many people didn't trust him.
02:39:43 --> 02:39:47 [UNKNOWN]: The AMA missionaries were quoted saying, he talks well, but we'll see what happens.
02:39:47 --> 02:39:48 [UNKNOWN]: Dare didn't like a mad.
02:39:48 --> 02:39:53 [UNKNOWN]: I don't think this new guy is gonna be any good, but eventually they were like, you know what, he's actually not such a bad guy.
02:39:53 --> 02:39:56 [UNKNOWN]: He's not on our side, but he seems to want to let the elections be fair.
02:39:56 --> 02:40:02 [UNKNOWN]: So they had a new election, a trustworthy election, and lo and behold, Kansas voted against slavery.
02:40:03 --> 02:40:04 [UNKNOWN]: And the pro-slavery people didn't like it.
02:40:04 --> 02:40:06 [UNKNOWN]: They said, hey, we don't think this is a good election.
02:40:07 --> 02:40:23 [UNKNOWN]: big fight over Kansas happens who will be the guy in charge of Kansas and eventually Congress just kind of says Kansas chill you're not going to be allowed to until you can get your elections and stuff under control you're not going to be allowed into the union you've got to get things set up until it gets better.
02:40:26 --> 02:40:26 [UNKNOWN]: it was a mess.
02:40:27 --> 02:40:40 [UNKNOWN]: And eventually, in a dare and some of these missionary say, not only do they have to deal with the pro-slavery side trying to push slavery and at every page, but they also had to deal with the fact that some of the people who had moved to Kansas to help in slavery were pretty racist against black people.
02:40:40 --> 02:40:50 [UNKNOWN]: And they were really worried that a new constitution would be written which would have quote black laws and it which basically would still segregate black people from white people and not let them be able to vote and things like that.
02:40:50 --> 02:40:58 [UNKNOWN]: a bunch of freed slaves have been moving the cans this like the ones John Brown has saved, but it wouldn't really make things better if they couldn't live freely there.
02:40:59 --> 02:41:14 [UNKNOWN]: over and over again they kept dealing with these black laws and one of them said I hear Norton said the black laws what we are most afraid of informing a free state many anti-slavery men are disposed to let us have a constitution as long as we exclude colored people from any kind of state.
02:41:15 --> 02:41:24 [UNKNOWN]: Basically a compromise was what if you make scans as a free state not a slave state but you ban all the black people from cans as that could be considered a compromise.
02:41:25 --> 02:41:37 [UNKNOWN]: And in one committee, one of these missionary guys would be the only one of 12 people to vote against the committee passing a rule that would have allowed to banning of all people of color from the state, which is crazy.
02:41:38 --> 02:41:42 [UNKNOWN]: And 1858 a new constitution is created for Kansas, and there were no black laws in it.
02:41:42 --> 02:41:43 [UNKNOWN]: Jones writes,
02:41:50 --> 02:41:54 [UNKNOWN]: and Kansas has made a constitution worthy of Kansas, a noble instrument.
02:41:54 --> 02:41:57 [UNKNOWN]: It did not have the black law and it does not treat them badly.
02:41:57 --> 02:41:59 [UNKNOWN]: It says nothing about color or race.
02:41:59 --> 02:42:00 [UNKNOWN]: Everyone is recognized.
02:42:01 --> 02:42:02 [UNKNOWN]: The word white is not in it.
02:42:02 --> 02:42:05 [UNKNOWN]: This is a constitution we can all vote for and be proud of.
02:42:06 --> 02:42:06 [UNKNOWN]: Took a lot.
02:42:07 --> 02:42:11 [UNKNOWN]: Even when you were defeating the ProSlavery element, you still weren't done fighting the battle for years.
02:42:12 --> 02:42:14 [UNKNOWN]: A couple years later, the Civil War breaks out.
02:42:15 --> 02:42:18 [UNKNOWN]: And they saw these missionaries and Kansas saw it as a part of God's plan to slavery.
02:42:19 --> 02:42:23 [UNKNOWN]: Quote, I am afraid that our government, many of our people are still unprepared to do justice and let the oppressed go free.
02:42:24 --> 02:42:29 [UNKNOWN]: If so, the Lord sends us many defeats and graces, as may be necessary to make us willing to do as well.
02:42:29 --> 02:42:34 [UNKNOWN]: In other words, the civil war is what it is, it's the only way through his grace and through our kind of process we're going to end it.
02:42:34 --> 02:42:39 [UNKNOWN]: Savoury must fall, the nation must be chastised, but how soon in the first will be your house if you're really god only knows.
02:42:40 --> 02:42:46 [UNKNOWN]: These four missionaries we've been following before the Civil War, Oberlin, they spin up from Oberlin, they spin all their time and can't, it's pretty much the rest of their life.
02:42:47 --> 02:42:53 [UNKNOWN]: And they all fight for Kansas freedom to the end of their days and seem to be effective at starting churches and all of that.
02:42:54 --> 02:42:57 [UNKNOWN]: The final attack on Lawrence happens during the Civil War in 1863.
02:42:57 --> 02:42:59 [UNKNOWN]: I won't go on to all the details, but it was bloody.
02:43:00 --> 02:43:06 [UNKNOWN]: A woman had her husband killed in front of her and when she begged him not to steal his wedding ring office hand, he did it anyway until curves after that.
02:43:06 --> 02:43:08 [UNKNOWN]: brutal stuff like that was happening.
02:43:08 --> 02:43:15 [UNKNOWN]: I don't want to go into all the details, but basically a decade of trying to burn Lawrence and the Missourians finally could burn Lawrence and they took it out on him.
02:43:16 --> 02:43:20 [UNKNOWN]: Dave, the actress in the guy who'd helped lead the board of reference, he wanted to be a part of it.
02:43:20 --> 02:43:25 [UNKNOWN]: Now first, he kind of joined the Confederates to get things going, but he thought the Confederates are too disorganized.
02:43:25 --> 02:43:26 [UNKNOWN]: They don't know what they're doing.
02:43:26 --> 02:43:27 [UNKNOWN]: He was getting too old.
02:43:28 --> 02:43:32 [UNKNOWN]: And so he retired, he gave up on the Confederates before Lawrence was even burned.
02:43:32 --> 02:43:41 [UNKNOWN]: He went and moved to kind of a cabin out in the middle of nowhere, and at some point his cabin burned down, and so all his notes on the Mormon War on the sacking of Lawrence's are gone.
02:43:41 --> 02:43:48 [UNKNOWN]: It would have been interesting to hear his perspective, not because I think he's a good guy, but just because history, I like to hear everybody's thoughts, but it got burnt down his cabin.
02:43:48 --> 02:43:49 [UNKNOWN]: Well, never know what he said.
02:43:50 --> 02:43:53 [UNKNOWN]: Kansas officially became a state in America in January of 1861.
02:43:54 --> 02:43:58 [UNKNOWN]: The Republican Party goal of keeping Kansas free worked and by April the country was at war.
02:43:59 --> 02:44:05 [UNKNOWN]: As for Lawrence's burning, 1690 men and teenagers died during that four siege, the one that happened in the Civil War.
02:44:06 --> 02:44:08 [UNKNOWN]: All kinds of little stories happened throughout that siege.
02:44:08 --> 02:44:13 [UNKNOWN]: An old man was told exit his house and faced the rough hands and he said, nope, you can come on here and get me.
02:44:13 --> 02:44:15 [UNKNOWN]: I'm good to take on at least five of you, I think.
02:44:16 --> 02:44:18 [UNKNOWN]: And the five men saying outside kind of went well,
02:44:20 --> 02:44:23 [UNKNOWN]: So these little interesting stories like that, and then there's kind of a sad story.
02:44:23 --> 02:44:26 [UNKNOWN]: The mayor of Lawrence was on when he saw the attack going down and they were heading for him.
02:44:27 --> 02:44:35 [UNKNOWN]: He dove and hid in his well when they couldn't find him so they set his house on fire the smoke from the house ended up going into the well and he suffocated and died in it.
02:44:35 --> 02:44:39 [UNKNOWN]: So he had these interesting stories of people being brave and these other stories of people dying.
02:44:39 --> 02:44:51 [UNKNOWN]: This was, some people say this is just part of the Civil War, some people say this was a Retribution of prison fell apart in Kansas City, and some of the Confederates died there, and so they were getting revenge for what happened to their wives in that prison.
02:44:52 --> 02:45:04 [UNKNOWN]: Others saw this as just normal battle stuff, but I think it's pretty undeniable that the Missourians had headed out for Lawrence for a very long time, the symbolic stand of a decade was standing before them, and they were taking out all their angst there they could.
02:45:05 --> 02:45:09 [UNKNOWN]: The border of Kansas is a Missouri would be an important part of the Civil War to the very end.
02:45:10 --> 02:45:14 [UNKNOWN]: This feels like, and again, we all know about the five people that died, the Civil War Memorial, right?
02:45:14 --> 02:45:16 [UNKNOWN]: No, I'm just playing, but it was a pretty big deal, actually.
02:45:17 --> 02:45:19 [UNKNOWN]: This feels like it would be a really nice place to end it.
02:45:19 --> 02:45:22 [UNKNOWN]: And if I want to put a nice bow on things, here's how I would land it.
02:45:22 --> 02:45:26 [UNKNOWN]: You know, I'd say, hey, look, they did their best to softly read, but they couldn't do it.
02:45:26 --> 02:45:37 [UNKNOWN]: And you know, whether we think John Brown was a good guy or not, Bob Obababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababab
02:45:39 --> 02:45:41 [UNKNOWN]: Those 30 years were hardly peaceful.
02:45:41 --> 02:45:43 [UNKNOWN]: Many confederates moved to the Midwest to get away from the union.
02:45:44 --> 02:45:53 [UNKNOWN]: There were never as many outlaws as the movies made it seen, but in places like Dodge City, Kansas, you'd see cattle drivers driving through with their big long-horned cows 600 a year.
02:45:53 --> 02:45:56 [UNKNOWN]: Big cows full of these kind of ranchers and stuff like that.
02:45:56 --> 02:45:58 [UNKNOWN]: The outlaws were there, though.
02:45:58 --> 02:46:01 [UNKNOWN]: Missouri had a lot more outlaw gangs though because it was a confederate state.
02:46:01 --> 02:46:03 [UNKNOWN]: That's for the Jesse James gang and the change.
02:46:03 --> 02:46:16 [UNKNOWN]: All these people were Grill of War fair that they learned in some of war made them very good at robbing trains and other kinds of violence and the former confederates weren't hurting Mormons or Kansas anymore, but it turned in on more in Missouri and some cells
02:46:17 --> 02:46:18 [UNKNOWN]: Kansas wasn't completely safe, no.
02:46:18 --> 02:46:23 [UNKNOWN]: Not only did they have to deal with some of these outlaw kings too, but they also had to deal with a custer coming through.
02:46:23 --> 02:46:26 [UNKNOWN]: So he went through and he would go and have his last stand.
02:46:26 --> 02:46:31 [UNKNOWN]: But first he would have 10 of his 12 major battles that he thought would happen in Kansas against Native Americans there.
02:46:33 --> 02:46:34 [UNKNOWN]: So the violence didn't end.
02:46:35 --> 02:46:37 [UNKNOWN]: Kansas City wasn't quite the perfect place either.
02:46:38 --> 02:46:44 [UNKNOWN]: Quote what people at the time the slogan of Kansas City was if you want to see send you don't have to go all the way to Paris you can just go to Kansas City.
02:46:44 --> 02:46:47 [UNKNOWN]: Which I think is a great burn because it burns both Paris and Kansas City at the same time.
02:46:48 --> 02:46:51 [UNKNOWN]: Kansas City has caught in the middle when prohibition mobsters took over their city.
02:46:52 --> 02:46:54 [UNKNOWN]: They had their big political machine called the Pender Gas Machine.
02:46:55 --> 02:46:58 [UNKNOWN]: They ran 300 species that secretly you could get alcohol from.
02:46:58 --> 02:47:03 [UNKNOWN]: a 10-year political plan in the Great Depression where Ma Boss is siphoned millions away to run this place.
02:47:03 --> 02:47:06 [UNKNOWN]: One of the most powerful men in America lived in Kansas City.
02:47:06 --> 02:47:10 [UNKNOWN]: And then I'll say that lightly, despite running a massive mob, he spent 15 months in jail.
02:47:11 --> 02:47:12 [UNKNOWN]: But he was overall still one of the most powerful men.
02:47:13 --> 02:47:17 [UNKNOWN]: Harry Truman, the president that would drop the atomic bombs came up in Kansas City during this time.
02:47:17 --> 02:47:23 [UNKNOWN]: And when he died, this powerful pender gas guy, Harry Truman, in the middle of World War II, flew a military plane to attend the funeral.
02:47:24 --> 02:47:27 [UNKNOWN]: And when he asked, he said he had to pay respects to quote Boss.
02:47:28 --> 02:47:33 [UNKNOWN]: Right in the middle of World War II, three months later, FDR would die, and this guy would become president of the United States.
02:47:33 --> 02:47:39 [UNKNOWN]: So this guy literally, this political boss literally put the president of the United States in the place, even if he was dead at that point.
02:47:39 --> 02:47:49 [UNKNOWN]: Pender gas political machine was so signed me that 1934, the year Truman got elected to Senate with Pendercast backing later on, and by the way, he got in the politics in 1922, also with Pendercast backing.
02:47:49 --> 02:47:52 [UNKNOWN]: Later on, the FBI would prove that Pendercast has stolen the elections of 1937.
02:47:52 --> 02:47:57 [UNKNOWN]: So here, Truman got elected by fake elections from the sky, signed me, but it was too late to take him out now.
02:47:58 --> 02:48:08 [UNKNOWN]: And then at the same time at the city, there was a bunch of mobsters, there was a train station, outside of a train station, the mob was moving a train, a guy who robbed trains from one place to another.
02:48:09 --> 02:48:17 [UNKNOWN]: The mob, however, was outside waiting for them, attacked some police officers, five people died, two more were really wounded, and America shocked about what's called the Union Station massacre in Kansas City.
02:48:17 --> 02:48:25 [UNKNOWN]: The men who caused it had these flamboyant crazy names, like pretty boy Floyd, and he was found a few days later in a barn and had a big shootout in Ohio before he died.
02:48:25 --> 02:48:35 [UNKNOWN]: Up until this point, the FBI had not been allowed to carry firearms, but after these situations of Kansas City, specifically, they were allowed to start carrying guns because of the violence they were up against in Kansas City.
02:48:35 --> 02:48:40 [UNKNOWN]: And they moved one of the five headquarters of the FBI is located in the heart of Kansas City.
02:48:41 --> 02:48:49 [UNKNOWN]: The mob was so bad in Kansas City that the governor took away its police force and gave it and said to the governor ship like they won't let Kansas City have a police force.
02:48:49 --> 02:48:55 [UNKNOWN]: There's only ever happened periodically to major cities St. Louis and Washington DC, but they gave it back to those cities after a time.
02:48:56 --> 02:49:00 [UNKNOWN]: However, in the case of Kansas City, they still are under control.
02:49:00 --> 02:49:03 [UNKNOWN]: Sorry, St. Louis, Washington City and Kansas City are still into the governor's control to this day.
02:49:04 --> 02:49:05 [UNKNOWN]: So they're unique and that they were so bad.
02:49:05 --> 02:49:07 [UNKNOWN]: They never got their power back.
02:49:07 --> 02:49:13 [UNKNOWN]: Mobs were not officially fully cleaned up in Kansas City until the 1980s, if they are truly ever fully gotten under control at all.
02:49:14 --> 02:49:26 [UNKNOWN]: KC St. Louis and Chicago formed a kind of trifecta of mobs in the Midwest, and even in the 1970s it was not uncommon for mob warfare to have car bombings go off, and massacres and bars all through the 1970s and 80s.
02:49:27 --> 02:49:28 [UNKNOWN]: So Kansas City never really got peaceful there.
02:49:29 --> 02:49:33 [UNKNOWN]: These are the environments and places that are happening, and our final story of bleeding cancers.
02:49:33 --> 02:49:38 [UNKNOWN]: That was just, here's what happened to the land around you, but let's go to our final story of Kansas City, or our bleeding cancers.
02:49:39 --> 02:49:43 [UNKNOWN]: On 1847, William Saunders crowed he was born as a slave in a plantation in Maryland.
02:49:43 --> 02:49:49 [UNKNOWN]: His parents were deeply religious and despite it being illegal, they taught him to read his father taught his son to do it anyway.
02:49:49 --> 02:49:52 [UNKNOWN]: William's job was to milk cows when he was old enough to start working.
02:49:52 --> 02:49:55 [UNKNOWN]: He claims that he was beaten badly for taking extra corn and giving it to his sister.
02:49:55 --> 02:49:59 [UNKNOWN]: And he then prayed to Moses, why he prayed to Moses and not God, I don't know.
02:50:00 --> 02:50:01 [UNKNOWN]: to save him from his bondage.
02:50:01 --> 02:50:07 [UNKNOWN]: At the age of 17, 10 years to the day, when he was beaten for the coron, he ran away from his plantation after again in an argument with the master.
02:50:07 --> 02:50:11 [UNKNOWN]: Him and his half brother joined the union and became cooks to fight in the Civil War.
02:50:11 --> 02:50:15 [UNKNOWN]: He served as a Civil War cooking and stayed on as a buffalo soldier and went to the Midwest afterwards.
02:50:16 --> 02:50:18 [UNKNOWN]: Afterwards, and then eventually he was a cook on the railroad.
02:50:18 --> 02:50:23 [UNKNOWN]: He then settled in Oklahoma when he retired and became a deacon at a local Baptist Free Mason Church.
02:50:23 --> 02:50:26 [UNKNOWN]: Yes, a Baptist Free Mason Church, Prince Hall, Free Mason's.
02:50:26 --> 02:50:27 [UNKNOWN]: I don't know about you,
02:50:30 --> 02:50:35 [UNKNOWN]: In 1893, people started saying he was behaving strangely, acting different, he would stare off into space a lot.
02:50:36 --> 02:50:42 [UNKNOWN]: He started to claim he had visions from God, saying, quote, that black people were the descendants of the 12 lost tribes of Israel.
02:50:43 --> 02:50:46 [UNKNOWN]: He started the Church of God and saints of Christ, Lord's Kansas in 1896.
02:50:50 --> 02:50:54 [UNKNOWN]: He's today thought of as a founder of what is called the Black Hebrew Israelite Movement.
02:50:54 --> 02:51:00 [UNKNOWN]: He quickly started up six churches across America claiming Black people are the true descendants of Israel.
02:51:00 --> 02:51:06 [UNKNOWN]: And, Sunia, Diffen, Immissaries, and six different countries, African countries, and the one in Cuba.
02:51:07 --> 02:51:27 [UNKNOWN]: The movement subscribes to the idea that the original total tribes are Africans and black, but all his original churches were started very quickly and spread very quickly all out of the Kansas area, and soon was battling across America, and the people who go to New York City often talk about running into very argument into people, very loudly, who are black, he realized, I remember running into them myself in Kansas City.
02:51:27 --> 02:51:29 [UNKNOWN]: They're very unique, very interesting group of people.
02:51:30 --> 02:51:32 [UNKNOWN]: And they have some absolutely crazy beliefs here, some of them are.
02:51:33 --> 02:51:35 [UNKNOWN]: They're not a single denomination, they're a family of a group of people.
02:51:35 --> 02:51:46 [UNKNOWN]: They all hold in common African Americans, sometimes latinos and spanx and sometimes even Native Americans, are the true descendants of the ancient 12 tribes, mainstream Jews, Ashkenazis, are typically viewed as impostors.
02:51:46 --> 02:51:51 [UNKNOWN]: They stole the identity of Jewishness, and they were recite Revelation 2 9 or 3 9 as proof.
02:51:51 --> 02:51:55 [UNKNOWN]: A proof text for them is Deuteronomy 28, curses for covenant disobedience.
02:51:56 --> 02:52:02 [UNKNOWN]: Verse 68 says the Lord will bring you back in ships sold as male and female slaves, and these black people were taken as slaves.
02:52:02 --> 02:52:11 [UNKNOWN]: Thus, because they were slaves, carried in ships, who else was carried in ships besides Africans across the world, so they must be the children of Israel.
02:52:11 --> 02:52:12 [UNKNOWN]: That's their belief.
02:52:13 --> 02:52:17 [UNKNOWN]: And they believe that Egypt could be reinterpreted as America, bondage in America.
02:52:17 --> 02:52:21 [UNKNOWN]: And thus, they need to free themselves from the bondage of America.
02:52:21 --> 02:52:27 [UNKNOWN]: They often include emphasis on music laws, keep the Sabbath dietary laws, rejection or redefinition of mainstream Christianity.
02:52:27 --> 02:52:29 [UNKNOWN]: They don't tend to think much about Jesus.
02:52:29 --> 02:52:31 [UNKNOWN]: Some of them will say he was a good guy, but not Messianic.
02:52:32 --> 02:52:34 [UNKNOWN]: Many of them don't really accept Jesus at all.
02:52:34 --> 02:52:38 [UNKNOWN]: Many, or they'll kind of quote the Bible only when it suits them, but they're much more interested in the Old Testament.
02:52:39 --> 02:52:41 [UNKNOWN]: Some of them just straight up reject Jesus.
02:52:42 --> 02:52:45 [UNKNOWN]: There's a formation around a, quote, awakening of the real true Israelites.
02:52:45 --> 02:52:51 [UNKNOWN]: Once you have your eyes open to the centuries of deception, that you are the Israelites, you need to help form the new Zion.
02:52:52 --> 02:52:55 [UNKNOWN]: And they often consider all white people as descendants of Satan too.
02:52:55 --> 02:53:00 [UNKNOWN]: So white people are evil, they're Egypt, they're Babylon, they're Satan's agents holding down the true Israel.
02:53:01 --> 02:53:07 [UNKNOWN]: In 1966, Chicago Steel Metal Worker, after having visions, realized he was part of the black-heaviness.
02:53:07 --> 02:53:12 [UNKNOWN]: Movement became a profit called himself Gabriel and took a bunch of Africans from America back to Israel.
02:53:12 --> 02:53:15 [UNKNOWN]: 400 black people sold all they had, first moved to Liberia.
02:53:16 --> 02:53:17 [UNKNOWN]: were cleansed, quote, through hardship.
02:53:18 --> 02:53:19 [UNKNOWN]: Many of them died or miserable.
02:53:19 --> 02:53:22 [UNKNOWN]: They either moved back to America, but eventually a group of them then went on to Israel.
02:53:23 --> 02:53:26 [UNKNOWN]: It took a long time, but Israel actually granted this group citizenship.
02:53:27 --> 02:53:35 [UNKNOWN]: It's a real act of community still in Israel based on these guys following the hep-lach Hebrew Israelite and their leader, this guy gave her only died in 2014.
02:53:35 --> 02:53:37 [UNKNOWN]: So, I mean, this is really close to us, stuff.
02:53:38 --> 02:53:44 [UNKNOWN]: In 2019, a black Hebrew is like shot up a Jewish deli and others were threatened.
02:53:45 --> 02:53:51 [UNKNOWN]: Another group of black Hebrew is like threatened to people at a synagogue in Miami and another group threatened the group of Jews at a synagogue in Brooklyn.
02:53:52 --> 02:53:54 [UNKNOWN]: And another group attacked them with machetes a few weeks later.
02:53:55 --> 02:53:57 [UNKNOWN]: The Hebrew is like movement that started in Kansas.
02:53:57 --> 02:54:02 [UNKNOWN]: Now a hundred and twenty years later is leading to violence across America, across the world.
02:54:03 --> 02:54:04 [UNKNOWN]: How did this happen?
02:54:05 --> 02:54:06 [UNKNOWN]: How did we get here?
02:54:06 --> 02:54:10 [UNKNOWN]: We're Jewish people are being attacked by a group of black people claiming to be Jewish people.
02:54:10 --> 02:54:13 [UNKNOWN]: Well, I mean, look, it doesn't make sense, right?
02:54:13 --> 02:54:16 [UNKNOWN]: Why did they, why did all these people in Kansas kind of go to this movement?
02:54:16 --> 02:54:22 [UNKNOWN]: Kansas had always been nice, had literally thought and died to let black people be free.
02:54:22 --> 02:54:29 [UNKNOWN]: And yet, they birthed one of the most black supremacist groups in history that has led to real violence in your lifetime against different people.
02:54:30 --> 02:54:30 [UNKNOWN]: What happened?
02:54:31 --> 02:54:37 [UNKNOWN]: Well, many black people from the South moved to Kansas after the Civil War, and just because the war was over didn't mean the negative tensions were erased.
02:54:38 --> 02:54:56 [UNKNOWN]: What this negative group could flourish and become cult-like was because of the environment of all the hate and all that they have suffered and all the bitterness and all the resentment they had been up against for all those years, allowing this black supremacist group to grow under them and now today people have been attacked or threatened with machetes because of what started here.
02:54:57 --> 02:55:02 [UNKNOWN]: And so, although Kansas may not still be bleeding, her wounds have not fully healed yet, even.